Ananas comosus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

The pineapple is still an important cash crop in Hawaii.

Extirpated

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Ananas

Herbs perennial , erect , simple . Leaves in a dense rosette; leaf sheath scarcely enlarged; leaf blade spinose serrate at margin . Inflorescence erect, scapose , strobiliform, apex with a tuft of sterile , leafy bracts. Flowers bisexual . Petals each bearing 2 funnelform , slender scales . Ovaries inferior, coalescing and with bracts and rachis forming a compound , fleshy fruit (syncarp) .

Eight species: South America.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Cultivated[2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,028 meters (0 to 9,934 feet).[3]

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 6.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

B. ananas Linnaeus. • Bromelia ananas Linnaeus • Bromelia comosa Linnaeus • Herb. Amb. 21. 1754

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ananas

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 11 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. ananassoides (Cerrado Pineapple) · A. bracteatus (Red Pineapple) · A. bracteatus var. striatus (Striped Red Pineapple) · A. bracteatus 'Variegata' (Variegated Wild Pineapple) · A. comosus (Pina) · A. comosus var. variegatus (Ivory Pineapple) · A. comosus 'Champaka' (Pineapple) · A. comosus 'Elite Gold' (Pineapple) · A. comosus 'Macgregor' (Pineapple) · A. lucidus (Curagua) · A. nanus (Dwarf Pineapple)

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A bibliographic enumeration of Bornean plants, by E. D. Merrill. Singapore, Printed by Fraser & Neave, ltd., 1921 url p. 111, p. 111.
• An annotated catalogue of types of the University of Illinois mycological collections (ILL) / Urbana: University of Illinois Press, c1997. url p. 32.
• An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 193.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 354, p. 542.
• Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology, by Robert S. Breed [and others] Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co., 1957. url p. 134.
• Biodiversity Data Sourcebook. WCMC Biodiversity Series 1 World Conservation Press url p. 38.
• Biology: concepts and applications / Cecie Starr. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub., c1997. url p. 411, p. 788.
• Botanical Museum leaflets, Harvard University. 16 1953-1954 Cambridge, Mass.: Botanical Museum, Harvard University, 1932- url p. 122, p. 72, p. 74.
• Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url p. 111, p. 193.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 215.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 389.
• Bulletin. Manila, Bureau of printing, 1903- url p. 103, p. 105, p. 157, p. 3.
• Carotenoids, their comparative biochemistry. New York, Chemical Pub. Co., 1954. url p. 302.
• Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine Archipelago, Manila, Bureau of printing, 1910. url p. 46, p. 531, p. 553.
• Conservation and utilisation of the plant genetic resources of Mexico and Central America: Project Progress Report WCMC url .
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52 2005 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 203, p. 301, p. 398, p. 434, p. 442, p. 451, p. 47, p. 494, p. V.
• Cooperative economic insect report. Hyattsville, MD. [etc.]Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service. url p. 1129, p. 1130, p. 264, p. 268, p. 902, p. 904, p. 905, p. 908, p. 909.
• Descriptive catalogue of the Formosan fungi / by Kaneyoshi Sawoda. Taihoku, Formosa: Agricultural Experiment Station, 1919- url p. 126, p. 134, p. 194, p. 197, p. 248, p. 45.
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 602.
• Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 275.
• Flora of Costa Rica. .. by Paul C. Standley. .. 18 1937 Chicago, 1937. url p. 149.
• Flora of Guatemala / by Paul C. Standley and Julian A. Steyermark. 24 1958 Chicago: Chicago Museum of Natural History, 1958. url p. 387, fig. 67, page 388, p. viii.
• Flora of Peru / by J. Francis Macbride. 13 1936 Chicago, U.S.A.: Field Museum of Natural History, [1936] url p. 592.
• Gardens, wildlife densities, and subsistence hunting by Maya Indians in Quintana Roo, Mexico / 1993. url p. 22.
• Global Biodiversity: status of the Earth's living resources WCMC url p. 332.
• IUCN Directory of Neotropical Protected Areas IUCN url p. 264.
• Introduction to plant geography and some related sciences. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1960. url p. 235, p. 620.
• Journal of ethnobiology. 8-9 1988-1989 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 18, p. 19, p. 190, p. 212.
• List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 10, p. 10, p. 105, p. 11, p. 11, p. 11, p. 11, p. 11, p. 115, p. 12, p. 12, p. 12, p. 13, p. 13, p. 13, p. 14, p. 14, p. 14, p. 14, p. 14, p. 14, p. 15, p. 15, p. 15, p. 15, p. 16, p. 16, p. 16, p. 16, p. 17, p. 17, p. 17, p. 17, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 18, p. 19, p. 19, p. 19, p. 19, p. 19, p. 19, p. 20, p. 20, p. 21, p. 21, p. 22, p. 22, p. 22, p. 22, p. 22, p. 23, p. 23, p. 23, p. 23, p. 23, p. 231, p. 24, p. 24, p. 242, p. 243, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 25, p. 250, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 26, p. 269, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 27, p. 275, p. 28, p. 28, p. 28, p. 28, p. 28, p. 28, p. 285, p. 29, p. 29, p. 29, p. 29, p. 29, p. 29, p. 294, p. 295, p. 295, p. 30, p. 30, p. 30, p. 30, p. 30, p. 302, p. 302, p. 307, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 31, p. 317, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 32, p. 33, p. 33, p. 33, p. 33, p. 33, p. 331, p. 332, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 34, p. 347, p. 348, p. 35, p. 35, p. 35, p. 35, p. 350, p. 352, p. 36, p. 36, p. 36, p. 36, p. 37, p. 37, p. 38, p. 39, p. 4, p. 40, p. 41, p. 41, p. 42, p. 42, p. 42, p. 42, p. 43, p. 434, p. 448, p. 45, p. 45, p. 463, p. 474, p. 481, p. 49, p. 49, p. 49, p. 490, p. 5, p. 5, p. 51, p. 51, p. 52, p. 52, p. 53, p. 53, p. 54, p. 54, p. 55, p. 56, p. 58, p. 58, p. 59, p. 59, p. 59, p. 6, p. 6, p. 62, p. 64, p. 65, p. 66, p. 69, p. 70, p. 71, p. 74, p. 76, p. 78, p. 9, p. 9, p. 97, p. 99.
• Minor products of Philippine forests, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1920-1921. url , .
• New illustrated encyclopedia of gardening, unabridged. Edited by T.H. Everett, with contributions from twenty horticulturists and authorities in the United States and Canada. New York, Greystone Press[1964-] url p. 102.
• Philippine fiber plants, / by William H. Brown. Manila: Bureau of Printing; 1919. url p. 103, p. 105.
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• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 509.
• The Philippine journal of science. Manila: Bureau of Science url p. 172, p. 264, p. 376, p. 651.
• The conservation and sustainable use of the crop genetic resources of Central America. A Darwin initiative funded project. Report on phase 1 WCMC url p. 19.
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• The lipids, their chemistry and biochemistry. New York, Interscience Publishers, 1951-57. url p. 558.
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• The pathogenicity and interrelationship of Pratylenchus coffeae and Phythium splendens on Chinese evergreen / by Kenneth Arlen Noegel. 1972. url p. 5.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2662122
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-219669
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14581696
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:121899-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 3074
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42335
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 114442-3
• MoBot NameID: 4300877
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMBRO02010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BRCO11
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 20982

Footnotes

1. Wei-liang Ma & Bruce Bartholomew "Ananas". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 18. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Ananas comosus". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 18. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 903.120 meters (2,962.992 feet), Standard Deviation = 655.910 based on 59 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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