Aloe vera (Aloe Vera)

Overview

Low or stemless succulent from Africa, with prickly margined , pointed leaves that exude a yellowish, gelatinous , medicinal sap when cut . The yellow flowers are borne on stalks up to about three feet tall.

Interesting Facts

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This is the aloe of commerce and source of bitter aloe. Most of the world's supply is grown in southern Texas and adjacent northwestern Mexico and the West Indies. The species is thought to be native to the Atlantic islands and is widely used as an indoor ornamental . It is often cultivated outdoors in the southwestern United States, where it occasionally escapes . [source]
The sap from the Aloe is considered very helpful for burns and abrasions and other skin problems such as athlete's foot .

Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Aloe Vera, Barbados Aloe, Burn Plant, Curaçao Aloe, Medicinal Aloe, Savila, True Aloe, Unguentine Cactus, West Indian Aloe

Common Names in French:

Aloès Vulgaire

Common Names in German:

Echte Aloe

Common Names in Portuguese:

Babosa, Babosa-Medicinal, Erva-Babosa

Common Names in Spanish:

Acibar, Aloe, Sávila

Description

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Genus Aloe

Plants succulent, shrubby or arborescent , scapose . Stems erect , clambering or ascending , branched or not. Leaves succulent, crowded, often rosulate or distichous; blade margins spiny-toothed or entire. Inflorescences axillary or terminal , paniculate to more often racemose, dense, bracteate . Flowers usually nodding ; perianth red to yellow; tepals connate basally to almost entirely into tube ; stamens 3 or 6; style slender; pedicel not articulate . Capsules papery to woody. x = 7.

Species 300 or more: introduced ; primarily s and tropical Africa; also Madagascar, Arabian peninsula, and Atlantic islands (Madeira , Canary, and Cape Verde) ; naturalized in the Mediterranean region, India, and China.[1]

Physical Description

Species Aloe vera

Plants short-stemmed, woody-based, stoloniferous . Stems to 50 cm; scarious leaf sheaths persistent . Leaves alternate, rosulate to distichous, 10-50 × 10-70 cm; blade glaucous-green to variegated with small white or glaucous dots, irregular bands , or blotches, often reddish near apex or margins , lanceolate to ensate, tapering from base to apex, glabrous , margins green, spiny-toothed, teeth 1-1.5 cm apart. Inflorescences terminal , usually unbranched, racemose, 10-15 dm, usually covered with scalelike bracts; racemes cylindrical, dense, 0.5 m ; bracts glabrous or puberulent , with 3 prominent purple veins that are confluent at tips . Flowers: perianth yellow; tepals prominently 3-veined, connate basally for 1/2 their length , lobes broadly linear to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded ; stamens 6, included to slightly exserted, slightly unequal; filaments 2-2.5 cm; anthers 2.5-4 mm; style usually exserted; stigmas not expanded; pedicel 2.2-3.3 cm. Capsules somewhat elongate . 2n = 14. Flowering spring--winter, occasionally at other times. [source]

Habit: Evergreen .

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May. • Flower Color: goldyellow-orange

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 18-24" tall.

Habitat

Hammocks , sandy areas, roadsides, and similar places in full sun ; 0 and 1300 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,653 meters (0 to 15,266 feet).[3]

Biology

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Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
        Subclass: Liliidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Lilianae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Order: Asparagales () - Bromhead, 1838
        Suborder: Asphodelineae ()
        Family: Asphodelaceae () - A.L. de Jussieu, 1789
        Genus: Aloe () - C. Linnaeus, 1753 - Aloe [Arabic alloeh, a name for these or similar plants]
        Subgenus: nom ()
        Specific epithet: vera - Mill.
        Botanical name: - Aloe vera Mill.

Synonyms

Aloe perfoliata Thunb. Var. vera L. • Aloe perfoliata var. vera L. • Aloe perfoliata vera L. • Aloe vulgaris Lam.

Notes

Publishing author : Mill . Publication : Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 15 1768 [16 Apr 1768]

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Aloe

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 279 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors

"Aloe vera". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 411. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
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Carr, Gerald
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 14 providers.
Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:

Australian National Herbarium
, Australian National Herbarium
Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
GBIF-Spain, Hortus Botanicus Sollerensis Herbarium
Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663662
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-298116
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13691758
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:103718-3
GRIN Nomen Number: 311403
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182653
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 530016-1
MoBot NameID: 18403421
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMALO01010
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ALVU3
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 17681

Footnotes

"Aloe". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 410. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
"Aloe vera". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 411. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 1,517.650 meters (4,979.167 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,400.730 based on 63 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Aloe vera

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Aloe

Physical Description

Species Aloe vera

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Growth

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Aloe

More Info

Further Reading

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Identifiers

Footnotes