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Common Names
Common Names in English:
Gaspe Peninsula, Gaspe Peninsula Goat Chicory
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Tribe Lactuceae
The Lactuceae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that are easily recognized because the flowering heads are composed of wholly of ligulate florets that are usually 5-lobed. Another very distinguishing feature is the milky sap . Although not apparent without magnification, the pollen is distinctive in that the spines are more or less restricted to discrete ridges or flanges on the surface of the grain. In other members of the family the spines are distributed more or less evenly over the surface of the pollen grain . The pappus usually consists of scales or stiff hairs . -- Gerald D. Carr.
Genus Agoseris
Annuals (A. heterophylla) or perennials
, (2-) 5-60(-96) cm (usually acaulescent
) ; taprooted or with caudices. Stems usually 0, sometimes 1-5+, erect
to decumbent
, simple
. Leaves usually basal (in rosettes), sometimes cauline; petiolate
(petioles
often purplish, erect to prostrate
, ± sheathing
) ; blades
linear-lanceolate to spatulate
, margins
entire or toothed
to pinnatifid
(sometimes variable on same plant, lobes
2-11 pairs, opposite, subopposite, or irregular, filiform
to spatulate, often each with 1, acroscopic
, basal lobule, lobules
± triangular, inconspicuous to equaling lobes, faces
glabrous
and glaucous or pubescent
to tomentose
). Heads borne singly (erect at end of peduncles). Peduncles not inflated
distally, usually ebracteate
. Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric
to hemispheric
, 2-20(-60) mm diam. (bases
often broadening in fruit). Phyllaries 10-50 in 2-5(-7) series, green or medially rosy purple and often with purple-black midstripes, apices, or spots, rarely nearly all black, narrowly lanceolate to broadly ovate
or obovate
, unequal to subequal
, ± herbaceous, margins usually entire (rarely dentate
), sometimes scarious
, glabrous or ciliate
to lanate
, apices obtuse to acuminate, faces glabrous or pubescent to tomentose, often stipitate-glandular
, (outer appressed
to squarrose, often adaxially hairy
(at least on apices), not elongating after flowering; inner erect, adaxially glabrous, often puberulent
apically, sometimes elongating in fruit). Receptacles flat, pitted
, glabrous, rarely paleate (paleae linear-lanceolate, 15-20 mm, ± acuminate, similar to inner phyllaries, ± accrescent
). Florets 5-500 (± matutinal
) ; corollas yellow (outermost often with purplish abaxial
stripe
(often drying whitish, purple stripe still evident), or orange, pink, red, or purple (usually drying purple). Cypselae monomorphic
or dimorphic
(outermost differing in color, texture
, vestiture
, and/or shape
from inner), white or tan to dark purple, columnar
to fusiform
, narrowly conic, or obconic (2-10 mm), ribs
usually 10, faces glabrous or pubescent to hirsute
, beaked
(beak
lengths
0.1-4 times bodies) ; pappi persistent
, of 50-125, distinct
, white, subequal, ± barbellate
(sometimes flattened) bristles
in 1-6 series. x = 9.
Species 11 (10, including 1 hy: North America, South America.
Agoseris consists of widespread species that individually exhibit
great morphologic plasticity. Difficulty in correctly identifying individual specimens is compounded by traits
that may vary from region to region, the perpetuation of misleading or inaccurate traits in the literature, and the presence of intermediates. Correct identification of Agoseris specimens can be assisted by knowing that species may exhibit variable traits (e.g.
, pubescence
, corolla color, cypsela morphology), some species have leaf lobing variable on single plants
(e.g., outermost entire versus inner lobed
), and intermediate specimens may occur with any sympatric taxa. Hybridization among members
of the genus is common, especially among polyploid taxa, and some hybrid populations appear to be persistent. Autogamy
has been demonstrated in some species (K
. L. Chambers 1963) and is suspected in others. It appears to be correlated with a reduction in corolla and anther
size. Autogamous
populations or taxa often exhibit seemingly unique features that appear localized. Attempts at naming these variant
populations or regional phases
have resulted in a large number of synonyms.
Agoseris has a New World, amphitropical
distribution. All of the species are restricted
to North America except A. coronopifolia (D'Urville) K. L. Chambers, which is found in temperate regions
of southern South America. The South American disjunction
appears to be the result of long-distance dispersal
from North America (K. L. Chambers 1963).
Agoseris appears to be most closely related to Nothocalaïs.[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
(
)
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Cichorioideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Lactuceae
(
)
- Subtribe:
Microseridinae
(
)
- Genus:
Agoseris
(
)
- Rafinesque, 1817
- Mountain- or false dandelion [Greek agos, leader, and seris, chicory; allusion unclear]
- Specific epithet:
gaspensis
- Fernald
- Botanical name: - Agoseris gaspensis Fernald
- Specific epithet:
gaspensis
- Fernald
- Genus:
Agoseris
(
- Subtribe:
Microseridinae
(
- Tribe:
Lactuceae
(
- Subfamily:
Cichorioideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Fernald Publication : Rhodora 1924, xxvi. 125.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Agoseris
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 30 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. apargioides (Seaside Agoseris) · A. apargioides (Less.) Greene var. apargioides (Less.) Greene (Woolly Goat Chicory) · A. apargioides (Less.) Greene var. eastwoodiae (Fedde) Munz (Woolly Goat Chicory) · A. apargioides var. apargioides (Woolly Goat Chicory) · A. apargioides var. eastwoodiae (Woolly Goat Chicory) · A. apargioides var. maritima (Woolly Goat Chicory) · A. aurantiaca (Mountain Agoseris) · A. aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene var. aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene (Orange Agoseris) · A. aurantiaca var. aurantiaca (Orange Agoseris) · A. aurantiaca var. purpurea (Orange Agoseris) · A. elata (Tall Agoseris) · A. gaspensis (Gaspe Peninsula) · A. glauca (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. agrestis (Osterh.) Q.Jones ex Cronq. (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. laciniata (D.C.Eat.) Smiley (Arizona Mountain Dandelion) · A. glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. monticola (Greene) Q.Jones ex Cronq. (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca var. agrestis (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca var. cronquistii (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca var. dasycephala (Pale Goat-Chicory) · A. glauca var. glauca (Pale Agoseris) · A. glauca var. laciniata (Arizona Mountain Dandelion) · A. glauca var. monticola (Pale Agoseris) · A. grandiflora (Bigflower Agoseris) · A. heterophylla (Annual Mountain Dandelion) · A. heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene var. heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene (Annual Agoseris) · A. heterophylla var. crenulata (Annual Agoseris) · A. heterophylla var. heterophylla (Annual Agoseris) · A. heterophylla var. turgida (Annual Agoseris) · A. lackschewitzii (Mill Creek Agoseris) · A. retrorsa (Spear-Leaf False-Dandelion)
More Info
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- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 18, p. 19.
- Baird, G. I. 1996. The Systematics of Agoseris (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). Ph.D. dissertation. University of Texas.
- Chambers, K. L. 1963. Amphitropical species pairs in Microseris and Agoseris (Compositae: Cichorieae). Quart. Rev. Biol. 38: 124-140.
- Jones, Q. 1954. Monograph of Agoseris, Tribe Cichorieae. Ph.D. dissertation. Harvard University.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 01, 2008:
- Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663509
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182416
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182416
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 175615-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST09060
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 167367
Footnotes
- Gary I. Baird "Agoseris". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 215, 217, 322, 323, 324, 326, 333, 334, 335. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
