Overview
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Extirpated |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Caddo False Foxglove, Caddo Parish False-Foxglove
Description
Family Orobanchaceae
Herbs annual
, biennial, or perennial
parasites, without chlorophyll. Stems unbranched or sometimes branched. Leaves scalelike, spirally or subimbricately arranged. Inflorescences racemose, spicate
, or subcapitate
, rarely 1-flowered; bract 1, usually similar to leaves; bractlets
2, adnate
to base
of calyx or pedicel. Flowers bisexual
, subsessile
or pedicelled. Calyx tubular, cupular, or campanulate
, (3 or) 4-6-lobed, 2-6-parted, 6-toothed, or spathelike, sometimes absent or of 3 free
sepals. Corolla bilabiate, usually curved
, sometimes tubular-campanulate or funnelform
with 5 subequal
lobes
; upper lip entire, emarginate
, or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous
, inserted
at base of corolla tube
; filaments
slender; anthers
2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, sometimes 1 cell
fertile
and another sterile
or reduced to spur. Pistil 2- or 3-carpellate; ovary superior; placentas 2-4 or 6(-10), parietal
or sometimes axile
at ovary base; ovules 2-4 or numerous
, anatropous
. Style long; stigma inflated
, discoid
, peltate, or 2-4-lobed. Capsule usually dehiscing loculicidally by 2 or 3(or 4) valves
. Seeds minute, testa pitted
or reticulate
.
About 15 genera and 150 species: North Temperate regions
, less represented in Africa, America, Asia, and Australia; nine genera and 42 species (nine endemic) in China.[1]
Physical Description
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual
Growth
Culture: Space 12-15" apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
()
- Auct.
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Orobanchaceae
()
- Ventenat, 1799
- broomrape
- Tribe:
Gerardieae
()
- Genus:
Agalinis
()
- Rafinesque, 1837, nom. cons.
- Specific epithet:
caddoensis
- Pennell
- Botanical name: - Agalinis caddoensis Pennell
- Specific epithet:
caddoensis
- Pennell
- Genus:
Agalinis
(
- Tribe:
Gerardieae
(
- Family:
Orobanchaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Aureolaria auriculata (Michx.) Farw. • Gerardia auriculata Michx. • Gerardia caddoensis Pennell • Otophylla auriculata (Michx.) Small • Tomanthera auriculata (Michx.) Raf.
Notes
Publishing author : Pennell Publication : Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1921, lxxiii. 519 (1922).
Similar Species
Members of the genus Agalinis
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 42 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. acuta (Sandplain False Foxglove) · A. aphylla (Coastal Plain False-Foxglove) · A. aspera (Rough Foxglove) · A. auriculata (Earleaf False Foxglove) · A. caddoensis (Caddo False Foxglove) · A. calycina (Leoncita False Foxglove) · A. densiflora (Osage False Foxglove) · A. divaricata (Pineland False Foxglove) · A. edwardsiana (Plateau False Foxglove) · A. fasciculata (Beach False Foxglove) · A. filicaulis (False Foxglove) · A. filifolia (Seminole False Foxglove) · A. gattingeri (Roundstem False Foxglove) · A. heterophylla (Prairie False Foxglove) · A. homalantha (San Antonio False Foxglove) · A. laxa (Two Line False Foxglove) · A. linifolia (Flax-Leaf False-Foxglove) · A. maritima (Salt-Marsh False-Foxglove) · A. maritima var. grandiflora (Saltmarsh False Foxglove) · A. maritima var. maritima (Saltmarsh False Foxglove) · A. navasotensis (Navasota False Foxglove) · A. neoscotica (Middleton False Foxglove) · A. nuttallii (Nuttall's False Foxglove) · A. obtusifolia (Ten-Lobe False-Foxglove) · A. oligophylla (Ridge-Stem False-Foxglove) · A. paupercula (Small Flower False Foxglove) · A. paupercula var. borealis (False-Foxglove) · A. paupercula var. paupercula (Smallflower False Foxglove) · A. pinetorum (Coastal Plain False Foxglove) · A. plukenetii (Chattahoochee False Foxglove) · A. pulchella (Purple Gerardia) · A. purpurea (Large-Purple False-Foxglove) · A. setacea (Thread-Leaved Gerardia) · A. skinneriana (Pale False Foxglove) · A. strictifolia (Stiff-Leaf False-Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia (Slender False-Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia var. leucanthera (Slenderleaf False Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia var. macrophylla (Slenderleaf False Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia var. parviflora (Slenderleaf False Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia var. polyphylla (Slenderleaf False Foxglove) · A. tenuifolia var. tenuifolia (Slenderleaf False Foxglove) · A. viridis (Green False Foxglove)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 548.
- Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url , p. 1, p. 2, p. 3, p. 5, p. 6.
- Zhang Zhiyun. 1990. Orobanchaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 69-124.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663416
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182270
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13729232
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798546-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182270
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 798546-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR01110
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: GECA13
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19800
Footnotes
- Zhi-Yun Zhang & Nikolai N. Tzvelev "Orobanchaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 229. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
