Acer negundo (Ashleaf Maple)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Afrikaans:

Essenblaarahorn, Kaliforniese Esdoring

Common Names in English:

Ashleaf Maple, Ash-Leaf Maple, Box Elder, Box-Elder, Boxelder, Boxelder Maple, California Boxelder, Manitoba Maple, Three-Leaf Maple, Western Boxelder

Common Names in French:

Négondo

Common Names in German:

Eschenahorn

Common Names in Japanese:

Tonerikoba-No-Kaede

Common Names in Romanian:

Arţar American

Common Names in Russian:

Klen Jasenelistnyj, клен ясенелистный

Common Names in Swedish:

Asklönn

Common Names in unspecified:

Ashleaf Maple, Box Elder, Boxelder, Boxelder Maple, California Boxelder, Manitoba Maple, Western Boxelder

Description

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Family Sapindaceae

Trees or shrubs (or woody vines with tendrils in Cardiospermum and allied genera), rarely herbaceous climbers . Indumentum usually of simple hairs , often glandular on young parts, buds, and inflorescences. Leaves alternate, usually estipulate; leaf blade pinnate or digitate, rarely simple; leaflets alternate to opposite, entire or dentate to serrate. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary thyrse ; bracts and bracteoles small. Flowers unisexual , rarely polygamous or bisexual , actinomorphic or zygomorphic, usually small. Sepals 4 or 5(or 6), equal or unequal, free or connate at base , imbricate or valvate . Petals 4 or 5(or 6), sometimes absent, free, imbricate, usually clawed, often with scales or hair-tufted basal appendages . Disk conspicuous , fleshy , complete or interrupted , lobed or annular , rarely absent. Stamens 5-10(-74), usually 8, rarely numerous , variously inserted but usually within disk, often exserted in male flowers; filaments free, rarely connate; anthers dorsifixed , longitudinally dehiscent , introrse ; staminodes sometimes present in carpellate flowers, but filaments shorter and anthers with a thick wall, indehiscent. Ovary superior, (1-) 3(or 4) -loculed; ovules 1 or 2(or several) per locule, placentation axile , rarely parietal , anatropous , campylotropous, or amphitropous ; style usually apical (terminal), semigynobasic in Allophylus [gynobasic in Deinbollia Schumacher & Thonning]; stigma entire or 2 or 3(or 4) -lobed, usually rudimentary in male flowers. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, berry, or drupe, or consisting of 2 or 3 samaras, often 1-seeded and 1-loculed by abortion . Seeds 1(or 2 or more) per locule; testa black or brown, hard, often with a conspicuous fleshy aril or sarcotesta ; embryo curved , plicate , or twisted, oily and starchy; endosperm usually absent. 2n = 20-36.

One hundred thirty-five genera and ca. 1500 species: widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, especially well represented in tropical SE Asia; 21 genera (one endemic) and 52 species (16 endemic, one introduced ) in China.

There is some variation in the circumscription of Sapindaceae in taxonomic treatments, particularly with regard to the inclusion of genera from the closely related, predominately temperate families Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae. Several studies including Müller and Leenhouts (in Ferguson & Müller, Evolutionary Significance Exine: 407-445. 1976), and more recently those based on molecular data (Stevens, Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, 2001 onward; Harrington et al. , Syst. Bot. 30: 366-382. 2005), supported the recognition of a broadly defined Sapindaceae incorporating Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae. Harrington et al. (loc. cit. ) proposed four subfamilies or clades, comprising Sapindoideae (including

Koelreuteria and Ungnadia Endlicher), Dodonaeoideae, Hippocastanoideae (including taxa previously referred to Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae, plus Handeliodendron), and a monotypic "Xanthoceratoideae". Within Hippocastanoideae, Acer Linnaeus and Dipteronia Oliver comprise a monophyletic group and are treated in this Flora as Aceraceae. Similarly, Aesculus Linnaeus, Billia Peyritsch, and the Chinese endemic Handeliodendron Rehder form a monophyletic group and are treated here as Hippocastanaceae. There is some support for "Xanthoceratoideae" being the first lineage to diverge within the broadly defined Sapindaceae assemblage; consequently, Xanthoceras is treated separately from genera in Sapindoideae and Dodonaeoideae in the following account of Sapindaceae s.s. The sequence of genera reflects Müller and Leenhouts (loc. cit.) as modified by recent analyses based on molecular and morphological data, rather than following the order developed by Radlkofer (Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. München 20: 105-379. 1890; and in Engler, Pflanzenreich 98a-h(IV . 165) : 1-1539. 1931-1934), which was previously followed in FRPS.

The main economic uses of this family include (1) timber: Amesiodendron chinense, Dimocarpus longan, D. confinis, Litchi chinensis, Pavieasia kwangsiensis, and Pometia pinnata; (2) fruit: Dimocarpus longan, Litchi chinensis, and Nephelium lappaceum; (3) medicine: Dimocarpus longan (arillode ), Litchi chinensis (seeds), and Sapindus saponaria (roots ) ; (4) oil : Amesiodendron chinense, Delavaya toxocarpa, and Xanthoceras sorbifolium. Saponins occur widely in the family, commonly used as a fish poison and for their detergent properties.[1]

Physical Description

ID Features: Pinnately compound leaves resemble those of Fraxinus, but leaflets. are irregularly shaped. Green twigs with reddish brown upper surface have waxy bloom that can be. rubbed off. Broken twig has a strong, acrid smell. Buds covered with silky white hairs. White, solid pith in twigs.

Habit: Medium height deciduous shade tree with an irregular, spreading , upright crown.

Flowers: March to April. Yellowish green and abundant. Dioecious: male flowers in clusters , female in pendulous racemes . • Bloom Period: March, April, May. • Flower Color: chartreuse, yellow-green

Seeds: Fruit: Samara, set in pairs at a narrow angle . September to October. Profuse; persist into winter.

Foliage: Summer foliage: Opposite, pinnately-compound leaves with 3 to 9 leaflets , each leaflet 2". to 4" long; petiole 2" to 3" long. Light green color above, gray-green below. • Fall foliage: One of the earliest maples to color. Yellow-green to very pale yellow, often brownish. Not very ornamental .

Size/Age/Growth

Growth Rate: Extremely fast-growing, especially when young. • Size: 30' to 60' tall.

Landscaping

Landscape Uses: An "alley cat" tree . Often used in shelterbelt plantings in the Northwest. Has possibilities on difficult sites and areas that flood seasonally. Huge flocks of migratory birds (Evening Grosbeak, Cedar Waxwing) usually. strip all seeds from this tree as they pass through. • Liabilities: Susceptible to a wide range of diseases and insect pests: leaf spot. diseases (anthracnose can be extreme in rainy weather); cankers , sapstreak and. trunk decay; caterpillars (including forest tent caterpillar, green striped. maple worms; boxelder bug; assorted leafhoppers, borers , mites , aphids and. scales . Trunks can "weep" from internal decay for 15 years or more before the. tree disintegrates in a storm.. Seeds germinate well, creating a weed problem. Weak wood breaks easily in storms. A short-lived tree.

Habitat

Occurs natively on stream banks, edges of swamps and lake shores .

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,212 meters (0 to 13,819 feet).[2]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Transplants easily. Performs well on poor, wet or dry sites, in areas or soils of extreme pH. levels; withstands flooding.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
        Subclass: Rosidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Rutanae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Order: Sapindales () - Dumortier, 1829
        Family: Sapindaceae () - A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons. - soapberries
        Subfamily: Hippocastanoideae ()
        Genus: Acer () - C. Linnaeus, 1753
        Specific epithet: negundo - L.
        Botanical name: - Acer negundo L.

Synonyms

Negundo mexicanum Dc. • Rulac negundo (Linnaeus) Hitchcock • Rulac texana (Pax) Small

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Acer

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 642 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

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Fur-farming in Canada. Ottawa: Mortimer, 1914. url , p. 34.
Future forest trees or The importance of the German experiments in the introduction of North American trees. London, T. F. Unwin, 1905. url , .
Future forest trees; or, The importance of the German experiments in the introduction of the North American trees. LondonT.F. Unwin1905 url p. 31, p. 72.
Galls and insects producing them, Columbus, 1902-04 url p. 420.
Garden colour: Spring, by Mrs. C. W. Earle; Summer, by E. V. B.; Autumn, by Rose Kingsley; Winter, by the Hon. Vicary Gibbs; etc., etc. Notes & water color sketches by Margaret Waterfield. 1905 London, E. P. Dutton & company, 1905. url p. 137, index, page 187.
Garden planning, by W. S. Rogers; illustrated by the author. Garden City, New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1911. url p. 325.
Gardening in California, San Francisco, A. M. Robertson, 1914. url p. 66.
Gardening in California, landscape and flower, by John McLaren... San Francisco, A.M. Robertson, 1909. url p. 66, p. 66.
Globally significant plants in southeastern Big Horn and southwestern Rosebud counties, Montana / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2003. url .
Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 41, p. 42, p. 51, figs. 12-13, page 78.
Guide to forestry. Harrisburg, 1922- url p. 61, p. 61.
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Hardwood record. Chicago: Hardwood Co., 1902-1939. url p. 16, p. 18, p. 23, p. 27, p. 37.
Heteroptera, or true bugs of eastern North America, with especial reference to the faunas of Indiana and Florida, by W.S. Blatchley. .. Indianapolis, The Nature publishing company, 1926. url p. 285.
Horticulture. Boston, Mass.: Horticulture Pub. Co., c1904- url p. 285.
How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure and life of the plant, for students of agriculture. With numerous illustrations and tables of analyses. By Samuel W. Johnson. New York: Orange Judd company, 1911 [c1890] url p. 203.
How plants are trained to work for man / by Luther Burbank; prefatory note by David Starr Jordan. New York: Collier, c1921- url p. 138, p. 138.
How to keep bees for profit, New York, The Macmillan company, 1918. url p. 309.
Identification of the economic woods of the United States, including a discussion of the structural and physical properties of wood, New York, John Wiley & sons, inc.; [etc., etc.]1919. url , , p. 102, p. 52.
Illinois Natural History Survey bulletin. Champaign, Ill.: The Survey, 1987- url p. 291.
Illinois River Bluffs area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, [and the] State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998- url p. 156, p. 175.
Illinois birds, Wood warblers / Urbana: State of Illinois, Dept. of Registration and Education, Natural History Survey Division, 1983. url p. 124.
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Illinois birds: Mimidae [by] Richard R. Graber, Jean W. Graber [and] Ethelyn L. Kirk. Urbana, State of Illinois, Natural History Survey Division, 1970. url p. 20, p. 29.
Illinois forest management: a quarterly newsletter for Illinois landowners. Urbana, Ill.: Dept. of Forestry and the Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1983- url p. 11.
Introduction to cytology, by Lester W. Sharp. .. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc., 1934. url p. 237.
Iowa parks. Conservation of Iowa historic, scenic and scientific areas. Also, a description of numerous areas suitable for public state parks, with reasons for their preservation. Report of the State board of con Pub. by the state of Iowa. Des Moines[1920] url p. 145, p. 74.
Iowa parks. Des Moines[1920] url p. 145, p. 74.
Johnson's Gardeners' dictionary and cultural instructor. London, A. T. De La Mare printing and publishing co., ltd.[1916] url p. 125, p. 581.
Journal of Hymenoptera research. 11 Washington, D.C.: International Society of Hymenopterists, [1992- url p. 215.
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Journal of economic entomology. [College Park, Md., etc.]Entomological Society of America [etc.] url p. 311, p. 376, p. 393, p. 422, p. 423, p. 424, p. 452, p. 516, p. 569.
Journal of forestry. Washington: Society of American Foresters, 1917- url p. 103, p. 651.
Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url p. 121, p. 122, p. 135, p. 159, p. 40, p. 41.
Lake Maxinkuckee. A physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis]Dept. of Conservation, State of Indiana [Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 360, p. 455.
Lake Maxinkuckee. a physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 360.
Lake Maxinkuckee: a physical and biological survey / by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. Indianapolis: Dept. of Conservation, 1920. url p. 360, p. 455.
Landscape gardening as applied to home decoration / by Samuel T. Maynard. London: Chapman & HaLL, 1912, c1899. url p. 156.
Leaf-mining insects / by James G. Needham, Stuart W. Frost, Beatrice H. Tothill. Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins company, [c1928] url p. 302.
Life-histories of northern animals: an account of the mammals of Manitoba / by Ernest Thompson Seton, naturalist to the Government of Manitoba; with 68 maps and 560 drawings by the author. New York City: Scribner, 1909. url p. 22.
List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 74.
Luther Burbank, his methods and discoveries and their practical application; London, Luther Burbank Press, 1914-15. url .
Luther Burbank: his methods and discoveries and their practical application / prepared from his original field notes covering more than 100, 000 experiments made during forty years devoted to plant improvement; with the assistance of the Luther Burbank Society and its entire me London: Luther Burbank Press, 1914-15. url p. 287.
MAB Information System: Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: Supplement September 1989 UNESCO url .
Mammals of the Mexican boundary of the United States: a descriptive catalogue of the species of mammals occurring in that region; with a general summary of the natural history, and a list of trees / Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1907. url , , , , , , , , .
Manual of plant diseases, by Paul Sorauer. Wilkes-Barré, Pa.The Record Press, c1914-22 url p. 549.
Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze Valley, China. Corvallis, Oregon State College[1958] url p. 229, p. 230.
Manures for fruit and other trees, a practical handbook for the gardener, horticulturist and student. London, Robert Sutton, 1908. url .
Memoir / Ithaca, N.Y. url p. 175.
Memoirs / Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Garden, 1918-1936. url p. 389.
Michigan trees: a handbook of the native and most important introduced species / by Charles Herbert Otis; with an introduction by George Plumer Burns. Ann Arbor: Regents of the University of Michigan, 1917 [c1915] url p. 174, p. 193.
Michigan trees; a handbook of the native and most important introduced species. Ann Arbor, The Regents, [c1915] url .
Minnesota trees and shrubs: an illustrated manual of the native and cultivated woody plants of the State / Frederic E. Clements, C. Otto Rosendahl, Frederic K. Butters. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1912. url p. 227.
Miscellaneous papers on the botany of Michigan, by C. K. Dodge. Prepared under the direction of Alexander G. Ruthven. Published as a part of the Annual report of the Board of Geological Survey for 1920. Lansing, Mich., Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford, State Printers, 1921. url p. 107, p. 153, p. 202, p. 53.
Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. 1974 Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1946-1996. url p. 28, p. 44, p. 48, p. 5.
Miscellaneous studies in agriculture and biology. BerkeleyUniversity of California Press1919 url p. 17, p. 36, p. 36.
Miyabe-festschrift, or A collection of botanical papers presented to Prof. Dr. Kingo Miyabe on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of his academic service by his friends and pupils. Tokio, Rokumeikwan, 1911. url p. 32, p. 37.
Montana wetlands management study / prepared for Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation. Denver, Colo.: Bureau of Reclamation, [1992] url p. 71, p. 8.
Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 117, p. 63, p. 78.
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My shrubs / London; John Lane, 1915. url .
My shrubs / by Eden Phillpotts, with fifty illustrations. London; John Lane, 1915. url p. 11.
My shrubs / by Eden Phillpotts. London: J. Lane, 1915. url p. 11.
National Arboretum contribution. Washington, D.C.: The Arboretum: 1953- url p. 29.
Native trees of Canada / by B.R. Morton; with notes on nomenclature and utilization by R.G. Lewis. Ottawa: Dept. of the Interior, Forestry Branch, 1921. url p. 125.
Native trees of Kentucky; a handbook, [Ed. of Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs] [Louisville? Ky.][c1910] url p. 103.
Native woody plants of the United States, their erosion-control and wildlife values. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1938. url , , , , p. 173, p. 242, p. 243, p. 40, p. 41, p. 42.
Natural area inventory of Pender County, North Carolina / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url p. 154.
Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1926. url p. 516, p. 516, p. 550, p. 550.
New York State Museum bulletin. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1916-1944. url p. 164.
New illustrated encyclopedia of gardening, unabridged. Edited by T.H. Everett, with contributions from twenty horticulturists and authorities in the United States and Canada. New York, Greystone Press[1964-] url p. 30.
North American trees (exclusive of Mexico and tropical United States) A handbook designed for field use, with plates and distribution maps. Ames, Iowa State University Press[1961] url , p. 307.
North Atlantic biota and their history; a symposium held at the University of Iceland, Reykjavík, July 1962, under the auspices of the University of Iceland and the Museum of Natural History. Editors: Askell Löve and Doris Löve. Sponsored Oxford, New York, Pergamon Press, 1963 url p. 113, p. 115.
Occasional papers of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas. Lawrence, Kan.: The University, 1971-1994. url , p. 4.
On British wild flowers considered in relation to insects / by Lord Avebury. London: Macmillan, 1909. url p. 13.
Our forests and the timbers they contain. New Orleans, American printing co., ltd., 1904 url p. 21.
Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities, New York, C. Scribner's Sons, 1917. url , .
Photosynthesis / by H. A. Spoehr. New York: The Chemical catalog company, inc., 1926. url p. 147.
Photosynthesis and related processes, by Eugene I. Rabinowitch. .. New York, N.Y., Interscience Publishers, inc., 1945- url p. 321, p. 675.
Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 126, p. 161, p. 165, p. 171, p. 198, p. 200, p. 201, p. 231, p. 30, p. 35, p. 360, p. 372, p. 374, p. 388, p. 41, p. 420, p. 430, p. 449, p. 48, p. 483, p. 487, p. 57, p. 59, p. 63, p. 67, p. 67, p. 71, p. 74, p. 85, p. 90.
Planning your garden, by W. S. Rogers; illustrated by the author. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1923. url p. 281.
Plant and animal resources and ecological condition of the Hanging Woman Basin in Big Horn County, Montana and Sheridan County, Wyoming / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2003. url , .
Plant bugs on fruit crops in Canada: Heteroptera: Miridae / Ottawa: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1982. url p. 154, p. 160, p. 180, p. 182.
Plant ecology, by W. B. McDougall. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger[1941] url p. 112.
Plant health care for woody ornamentals: a professional's guide to preventing and managing environmental stresses and pests / [Urbana, Ill.]: Cooperative Extension Service, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, c1997. url p. 100, p. 191, p. 193, p. 212.
Plant indicators: the relation of plant communities to process and practice. WashingtonCarnegie Institution of Washington1920 url p. 188, p. 42.
Plant physiology and ecology. New YorkHolt1907 url p. 126.
Plant sociology; the study of plant communities; authorized English translation of Pflanzensoziologie, by Dr. J. Braun-Blanquet. Translated, revised and edited by George D. Fuller and Henry S. Conard. New York and London, McGraw-Hill book company, inc., 1932. url p. 102, p. 407.
Plant species of special concern and plant associations of Sheridan County, Montana / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, 2000. url .
Plant succession; an analysis of the development of vegetation, Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1916. url .
Planting and care of shade trees [by] J. E. Davis. Urbana, 1940. url p. 23.
Planting and care of shade trees. Urbana, 1947. url p. 28.
Plants of Iowa; a preliminary list of the native and introduced plants of the state, not under cultivation; comp. by Wesley Greene, secretary. Des Moines, Bishard brothers, printers, 1907. url p. 190, p. 190.
Plants of Mississippi: a list of flowering plants and ferns / by E.N. Lowe. [Jackson, Miss.]: Mississippi State Geological Survey, 1921. url p. 191.
Pomona College journal of entomology. Claremont, Calif., U.S.A.: Published under the patronage of Ontario-Cucamonga Citrus Association by the Dept. of Biology of Pomona College, [1909?-1912?] url p. 457.
Practical plant propagation; an exposition of the art and science of increasing plants as practiced by the nurseryman, florist and gardener, by Alfred C. Hottes. New York, A. T. De La Mare company, inc., 1922. url p. 180, p. 181.
Principles of American forestry. By Samuel B. Green. .. New York: J. Wiley & Sons; [etc., etc.], 1913, c1903. url p. 227.
Principles of American forestry. New YorkWiley1903 url p. 100, p. 227.
Principles of plant culture; an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Madison, Wis.University Co-operative Co., 1912 [c1906] url .
Proceedings and transactions of the South London Entomological & Natural History Society. London: The Society. url p. 13.
Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science. Media, Pa.: The Institute, 1906- url p. 71.
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia. [s.l.]: Entomological Society of British Columbia. url p. 84.
Propagation of wild birds; a manual of applied ornithology, treating of practical methods of propagation of quails, grouse, wild turkey, pheasants, partridges, pigeons and doves, and waterfowl, in America, and of attracting and Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & Company, 1915. url .
Proposed estuarine sanctuary grant award to the state of New York for a Hudson River estuarine sanctuary. Albany, N.Y.: New York, Dept. of Environmental Conservation, [1982] url p. 130.
Rapid ecological assessment of selected state lands in southcentral Montana for plant species of special concern / prepared by James P. Vanderhorst; prepared for Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url p. 11, p. 15, p. 18, p. 19, p. 22, p. 29.
Rare plant inventory and plant community descriptions of the Sweet Grass Hills, Proposed Area of Critical Environmental Concern (PACEC), Toole and Liberty Counties, Montana / prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management; prepared by Western Technology and Engineering, Inc. in cooperation with Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena, MT: Western Technology and Engineering, Inc., [1989] url .
Report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Lansing, Mich.: The Academy, 1904-1916. url p. 177.
Report of the Minister of Lands and Forests of the Province of Ontario. Toronto: Published by Clarkson W. James, 1921-1972. url p. 153, p. 222.
Report of the State highway commission on the Iowa lakes and lake beds. Des Moines, Pub. by the state of Iowa[1917] url p. 183.
Report on forest conditions in Delaware and a forest policy for the state / by W.D. Sterrett. Newark, Del.: Delaware College Agricultural Experiment Station, 1908. url p. 24.
Rock River area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, Natural History Survey Division, in conjunction with State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, IL: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1996- url p. 123, p. 24, p. 48, p. 86.
Rocky mountain flowers; an illustrated guide for plantlovers and plant-users; with twenty-five plates in color and twenty-one plates in black and white [by] Frederic Edward Clements...and Edith Schwartz Clements... 1914 New York city, the H.W. Wilson company, 1914. url p. 217, explanation of plate 34.
Scale insects of the Santa Cruz peninsula. Stanford University: The University, 1920. url p. 48.
Seeding and planting; a manual for the guidance of forestry students, foresters, nurserymen, forest owners, and farmers, by James W. Toumey. .. New York, J. Wiley & sons, inc.; [etc., etc.]1916. url p. 445, p. 445, p. 445.
Selected western flora: Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta / Toronto: Macmillan Company of Canada, [c1915] url .
Sensitive plant species survey, Ashland District, Custer National Forest, Powder River and Rosebud Counties, Montana / by Bonnie L. Heidel and Hollis Marriott; for Custer National Forest. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1996] url .
Sensitive plant species survey, Garfield and McCone Counties, Montana / prepared by Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Bureau of Land Management. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994] url .
Shade-trees in towns and cities; their selection, planting, and care as applied to the art of street decoration; their diseases and remedies; their control and supervision. New York, J. Wiley, 1911. url p. 19.
Silvical characteristics of Canadian trees. [Toronto]University of Toronto, Foresters' Club[1915?] url p. 5, p. 53.
St. Mary's County. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1907. url p. 186.
Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 134, p. 280, p. 47.
Station bulletin. Durham, N.H.: Agricultural Experiment Station, University of New Hampshire, 1948- url p. 76.
Studies of trees / by J. J. Levison. New York: J. Wiley & sons, 1914. url p. 243, p. 45.
Studies of trees / by J.J. Levison. New York: J. Wiley, 1914. url p. 243, p. 45.
Studies of trees in winter; a description of the deciduous trees of northeastern America, with an introd. by Charles S. Sargent, BostonKnight and Millet1905 url p. 28.
Supplement to the birds of Essex County, Massachusetts / Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1920. url .
Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 3, p. 34.
Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (TL2) Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, 1976-1988. url p. 490.
Textbook of botany [by] F.N. Transeau. .. H.C. Sampson. .. [and] L.H. Tiffany. .. New York, Harper & brothers[c1940] url p. 348.
Textbook of theoretical botany, by R. C. McLean and W. R. Ivimey-Cook. London, Longmans, Green[1951- url p. 2180.
The ABC and XYZ of bee culture; a cyclopedia of everything pertaining to the care of the honey-bee; bees, hives, honey, implements, honey-plants, etc.. .. By A.I. Root and E.R. Root. Medina, Ohio, The A.I. Root Company, 1910. url p. 277.
The American midland naturalist. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame. url p. 171, p. 93.
The American woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text / by Romeyn B. Hough. Lowville, N.Y.: Pub., and sections prepared by the author, 1910, c1888 url , p. 16, p. 4, p. 4, p. 61, p. 8.
The Asa Gray bulletin. 2 1953 Ann Arbor, Mich. url p. 282, p. 311.
The Buprestidae of North America, exclusive of Mexico, a catalogue including synonomy, bibliography, distribution, type locality and hosts of each species, by W. J. Chamberlin. Eugene, Or., c1926 url p. 154, p. 70.
The Canadian field-naturalist. 54 1940 Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url title page, index , title page, index , title page, index , green , title page, index , title page, index , p. 122, p. 137, p. 138, p. 141, p. 155, p. 158, p. 16, p. 16, p. 179, p. 183, p. 189, p. 215, p. 216, p. 220, p. 225, p. 225, p. 226, p. 229, p. 23, p. 24, p. 240, p. 257, p. 265, p. 277, p. 289, p. 309, p. 32, p. 340, p. 342, p. 397, p. 398, p. 399, p. 399, p. 40, p. 404, p. 405, p. 406, p. 407, p. 410, p. 424, p. 43, p. 43, p. 43, p. 435, p. 438, p. 441, p. 45, p. 460, p. 494, p. 5, p. 564, p. 572, p. 61, p. 618, p. 62, p. 629, p. 64, p. 65, p. 68, p. 692, p. 76, p. 8, p. 84.
The Great Basin naturalist. 52 1992 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url fig. 11, page 112, fig. 14, page 115, p. 128, p. 145, p. 204, fig. 13, page 21, p. 23, p. 262, fig. 5, page 266, p. 297, p. 3, p. 329, p. 367, p. 393, p. 513, p. 515, p. 516, fig. 2, page 517, p. 520, fig. 5, page 521, p. 525, fig. 7a-d, page 526, cook, page 584, fig. 1, page 598, p. 626, p. 656, p. 666, fig. 4, page 7, p. 79, p. 80, p. 86, p. 93.
The Journal of heredity. Washington, etc., American Genetic Association url p. 117.
The Lepidopteras of New York and neighboring states, primitive forms Microlepidoptera, Pyraloids, Bombyces. Ithaca, N.Y., Cornell Univ., 1920. url p. 175.
The Natural history of the Toronto Region, Ontario, Canada / edited by J.H. Faull. -- Toronto: Canadian Institute, 1913. url .
The Review of applied entomology. Farnham Royal, Eng., etc.: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, etc. url p. 338, p. 545, p. 556, p. 569, p. 578, p. 596, p. 602, p. 613, p. 620, p. 629, p. 683.
The Southern Appalachian forests, WashingtonGovt. Print. Off.1905 url p. 283, p. 38.
The art of the second growth, or American sylviculture / by C.A. Schenck. Albany: The Brandow Printing Co., 1912. url p. 101, p. 64.
The birds of the Lake St. Martin region, Manitoba / [Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology], 1937. url p. 3.
The book of hardy flowers; a simple and complete descriptive guide to the cultivation in gardens of the trees and shrubs, perennial and annual flowers, that are hardy, or are suitable for planting out-of-doors in summer in temp Ed. by H. H. Thomas. .. Beautifully illustrated with thirty-two direct color photographs by H. Essenhigh Corke and sixty-four half-tone plates. 1915 New York, Funk & Wagnalls company; [etc., etc.][1915] url p. 479.
The care of trees in lawn, street and park. With a list of trees and shrubs for decorative use. New YorkHolt1910 url p. 367.
The complete garden, by Albert D. Taylor, assisted by Gordon D. Cooper. Illustrated with fifty full page cuts, four line charts, and nine coloured plates. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1921. url , p. 117, p. 117, p. 125, p. 125, p. 173, p. 173, p. 177, p. 314, p. 314.
The development of British forestry. LondonE. Arnold1910 url p. 120, p. 121.
The farm woodlots of Tompkins County. [Ithaca, N. Y.]1909. url .
The forests of Baltimore County, Batlimore, Md., 1921. url p. 13.
The forests of Frederick county, Baltimore, Md., 1922. url p. 13.
The forests of Washington County, Baltimore, Md., 1922. url p. 12.
The garden beautiful in California; Los Angeles, Cal., Cultivator publishing co., 1915. url p. 48, p. 53.
The gardener's companion. With an introduction by Lady Alwyne Compton. London: Mills & Boon, [1909] url p. 115.
The higher Fungi of the Chicago region. .. by Dr. Will Sayer Moffatt. Chicago, The Academy, 1909- url p. 45.
The higher fungi of the Chicago region. By Will Sayer Moffatt. Chicago, Chicago Academy of Sciences, 1909- url p. 45.
The natural history and topography of Groton, Massachusetts / by Samuel Abbott Green. .. [Cambridge, J. Wilson and Son]1912-14. url p. 22.
The natural history of Chautauqua. New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1917. url p. 42.
The natural history of the Toronto region, Ontario, Canada / edited by J.H. Faull. Toronto: Canadian Institute, 1913. url p. 125.
The plant life of Maryland, by Forrest Shreve [et al.] Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1910. url p. 240, p. 253, p. 454, p. 507.
The plants of Prince Edward Island / Ottawa: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1985. url p. 192, p. 32.
The plants of Southern New Jersey with especial reference to the flora of the pine barrens and the geographic distribution of the species. Trenton, N. J., 1911. url , , .
The plants of Southern New Jersey; with especial reference to the flora of the Pine Barrens and the geographic distribution of the species. Trenton, 1911. url p. 45.
The plants of southern New Jersey; with especial reference to the flora of the pine barrens and the geographic distribution of the species. Trenton, 1911. url p. 45.
The preservation and management of vegetation in ravines in Highland Park, Illinois: a report / prepared by Kenneth R. Robertson and E. B. Himelick of the Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois. Urbana: The Survey, 1977. url p. 16.
The principal species of wood: their characteristic properties. By Charles Henry Snow. New York: J. Wiley & Sons; [etc., etc.], [c1908], 1910. url , p. 52.
The translocation of solutes in plants: a critical consideration of evidence bearing upon solute movement / by Otis F. Curtis. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1935. url p. 33.
The trees of California. San FranciscoCunningham, Curtis & Welch[1909] url p. 15, p. 201, p. 205.
The trees of Great Britain & Ireland / by Henry John Elwes and Augustine Henry. Edinburgh: Priv. print., 1906-13. url p. 684, p. iv.
The trees of Vermont, BurlingeonFree press printing co.1916 url p. 162, p. 163, p. 177, p. 208.
Through the Mackenzie Basin: a narrative of the Athabasca and Peace River Treaty Expedition of 1899 / by Charles Mair; with a map of the country ceded and numerous photographs of native life and scenery. Also, notes on the mammals and birds of northern Canada, by Roderick MacFarlane. Toronto: W. Briggs, 1908. url p. 381.
Through the Mackenzie Basin; a narrative of the Athabasca and Peace River treaty expedition of 1899, London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & co., limited, 1908. url .
Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science. Springfield, Ill., Illinois State Academy of Science [etc.] url , , p. 103, p. 156, p. 169, p. 171, p. 178.
Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: W.Y. Morgan, 1903- url p. 324, p. 325, p. 74, p. 75, p. 76.
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Notes

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Contributors

Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed April 30, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx River Bioblitz
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Herbarium of Oskarshamn
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Lund Botanical Museum
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Plants
UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2652250
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-28749
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1093659-2
GRIN Nomen Number: 1170
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 28749
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 781412-1
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDACE01090
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ACNEV
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13749

Footnotes

Nianhe Xia & Paul A. Gadek "Sapindaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 1, 6. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 385.070 meters (1,263.353 feet), Standard Deviation = 533.470 based on 1,279 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Acer negundo

Overview

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Family Sapindaceae

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Members of the genus Acer

More Info

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Data Sources

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Footnotes