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Acaena magellanica

(New Zealand Burr)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

New Zealand Burr

Description

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Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Physical Description

Flowers: Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: near white, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 18-24" tall.

Habitat

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -4,778 meters (0 to -15,676 feet).[2]

Biome: Marine .

Biology

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Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Acaena acroglochin Bitter • Acaena acutifida Bitter • Acaena adscendens georgiae-australis Bitter • Acaena adscendens Vahl • Acaena adscendens var. glabriscapa Bitter • Acaena adscendens var. luxurians Bitter • Acaena adscendens var. macrochaeta Franch. • Acaena adscendens var. semperpilosa Bitter • Acaena adscendens var. utrinqueglabrescens Bitter • Acaena affinis Hook. F. • Acaena alboffii Macloskie • Acaena brachyglochin Bitter • Acaena canescens Phil. • Acaena chamacaena Bitter • Acaena colchaguensis Bitter • Acaena compacta Hauman • Acaena floribunda Bitter • Acaena glandulifera Bitter • Acaena glaucella Bitter • Acaena krausei Phil. • Acaena laevigata Aiton • Acaena macropoda Bitter • Acaena macrostemon latisepala Bitter • Acaena magellanica grandiscapa Bitter • Acaena magellanica laevigata (Aiton) Bitter • Acaena magellanica var. pubescens Bitter • Acaena magellanica var. subtuspilosa Bitter • Acaena nudicaulis Albov • Acaena oligodonta Bitter • Acaena oligomera Skottsb. • Acaena sericascens Bitter • Acaena sericascens var. tenuibracteolata Bitter • Acaena subtusvillosula Bitter • Acaena tomentella Bitter • Acaena transitoria Bitter • Ancistrum magellanicum Lam.

Notes

Publishing author : Vahl Publication : Enum. Pl. [Vahl] i. 297. 1804

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Acaena

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 26 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. anserinifolia var. microphylla (Biddy Biddy) · A. buchananii (New Zealand Burr) · A. caesiiglauca (New Zealand Bur) · A. echinata var. echinata (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. retrorsumpilosa (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. robusta (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. subglabricalyx (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. tylacantha (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. exigua (Liliwai) · A. fissistipula (New Zealand Bur) · A. inermis 'Purpurea' (New Zealand Burr) · A. magellanica (New Zealand Burr) · A. microphylla (Bidibidi) · A. novae-zelandiae (Bidgee-Widgee Acaena Novae-Zelandiae) · A. novae-zelandica (Biddy Biddy) · A. ovalifolia (New Zealand Bur) · A. ovina var. laxissima (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. ovina (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. subglabricalyx (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. tenuispica (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. velutina (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. pallida (Biddy Biddy) · A. pinnatifida (Argentinian Biddy-Biddy) · A. pinnatifida var. californica (California Sheepbur) · A. saccaticupula (Blue Goose Leaf) · A. saccaticupula 'Blue Haze' (Bidibidi)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. Mean = -1,687.580 meters (-5,536.680 feet), Standard Deviation = 2,434.720 based on 74 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/21/2012