Acaena microphylla

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Physical Description

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Hook.f. Publication : Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 55 1852

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Acaena

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 26 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. anserinifolia var. microphylla (Biddy Biddy) · A. buchananii (New Zealand Burr) · A. caesiiglauca (New Zealand Bur) · A. echinata var. echinata (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. retrorsumpilosa (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. robusta (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. subglabricalyx (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. echinata var. tylacantha (Sheep´s-Bur) · A. exigua (Liliwai) · A. fissistipula (New Zealand Bur) · A. inermis 'Purpurea' (New Zealand Burr) · A. magellanica (New Zealand Burr) · A. microphylla (Bidibidi) · A. novae-zelandiae (Bidgee-Widgee Acaena Novae-Zelandiae) · A. novae-zelandica (Biddy Biddy) · A. ovalifolia (New Zealand Bur) · A. ovina var. laxissima (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. ovina (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. subglabricalyx (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. tenuispica (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. ovina var. velutina (Hairy Sheep´s-Bur) · A. pallida (Biddy Biddy) · A. pinnatifida (Argentinian Biddy-Biddy) · A. pinnatifida var. californica (California Sheepbur) · A. saccaticupula (Blue Goose Leaf) · A. saccaticupula 'Blue Haze' (Bidibidi)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A little garden the year round, wherein much joy was found, experience gained and profit, spiritual as well as mundane, derived without loss of prestige in a practical neighborhood. New York, E. P. Dutton & company[c1919] url .
• A practical guide to garden plants, containing descriptions of the hardiest and most beautiful annuals and biennials, hardy herbaceous and bulbous perennials, hardy water and bog plants, flowering and ornamental trees and shrubs, conife London;Longmans, Green, 1901. url p. 91.
• Alpine flowers and rock gardens illustrated in colour / described by Walter P. Wright; with notes on "Alpine plants at home", by William Graveson. London: Headley Brothers, 1911. url p. 190, p. 290.
• Alpine flowers for English gardens / by W. Robinson. London: Murray, 1879. url p. 423, p. 434.
• Alpine flowers for gardens: rock, wall, marsh plants, and mountain shrubs / by W. Robinson. London: John Murray, 1903. url p. 147.
• Alpine flowers for gardens; rock, wall, marsh plants, and mountain shrubs, by W. Robinson. London, J. Murray, 1910. url p. 147.
• An illustrated encyclopaedia of gardening, by Walter P. Wright London, J. M. Dent & sons, ltd.; url p. 130.
• Annals of horticulture in North America for the year 1893. A witness of passing events and a record of progress. Comprising and account of the horticulture of the Columbian exposition, by L. H. Bailey. New York, Judd, c1894. url p. 185.
• Beautiful gardens: how to make and maintain them / by Walter P. Wright. -- London; Cassell and company, 1909. url p. 60.
• Bulbs and their cultivation: a practical treatise on the cultivation and propagation of window and indoor bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants. .. / by T.W. Saunders. London: W.H. & L. Collingridge, [1913?] url p. 192, p. 24.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1904-05 1904 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 1, p. 17.
• Colour in my garden, by Louise Beebe Wilder. Illustrated in colour, by Anna Winegar. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1918. url p. 351.
• Every woman's flower garden: how to make and keep it beautiful / by Mary Hampden; with five colour plates by Mary S. Reeve and 83 designs by the author. New York: Duffield & Company, 1915. url p. 221.
• Gardening for amateurs; a simple, complete, and practical guide for garden lovers, edited by H. H. Thomas. Illustrated by twenty-four coloured plates and many hundreds of photographs and sketches. New York: Funk and Wagnalls company, [1915] url p. 212, p. 931.
• Gardening for beginners; a handbook to the garden, by E. T. Cook. New York, Charles Scribner's sons, 1901. url p. 480.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 3.
• Hardy flowers. Descriptions of upwards of thirteen hundred of the most ornamental species, with directions for their arrangement, culture, etc.. .. By W. Robinson. London, Macmillan, 1878. url p. 41.
• My garden, by Louise Beebe Wilder. .. illustrated by Will Simmons. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & company, [c1916] url p. 286, p. 286.
• New Zealand plants and their story, by L. Cockayne. Wellington, J. Mackay, government printer, 1910. url .
• New Zealand plants suitable for North American gardens. By Dr. L. Cockayne. .. Panama Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, U. S. A., February-December, 1915. Wellington, N. Z., J. Mackay, Government Printer, 1914. url p. 28.
• New illustrated encyclopedia of gardening, unabridged. Edited by T.H. Everett, with contributions from twenty horticulturists and authorities in the United States and Canada. New York, Greystone Press[1964-] url p. 24.
• Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 72, p. 84, p. 85.
• Plant culture; a working hand-book of every day practice for all who grow flowering and ornamental plants in the garden and greenhouse, by George W. Oliver. New York, A. T. De La Mare Printing and Publishing Co., c1912. url , p. 305.
• Plant culture; a working handbook of every day practice for all who grow flowering and ornamental plants in the garden and greenhouse. New York, A. T. De La Mare Printing and Publishing Co., 1900. url p. 188.
• Plants of New Zealand, by R. M. Laing and E. W. Blackwell. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs, Ltd., 1906. url p. 201.
• Plants of New Zealand, by R.M. Laing, and E.W. Blackwell. Christchurch, Wellington, and Dunedin, N.Z. [etc.]Whitcombe and Tombs, 1907. url p. 201.
• Rock gardening for amateurs, by H. H. Thomas assisted by S. Arnott; beautifully illustrated with twelve direct colour photographs by H. Essenhigh Corke, sixty-four half-tone plates and numerous sketches. London, Cassell and company, limited, 1914. url p. 193, p. 266.
• Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 51.
• The English flower garden and home grounds: design and arrangement shown by existing examples of gardens in Great Britain and Ireland, followed by a description of the plants, shrubs, and trees for the open-air garden and their culture / by W. Robinson. London: J. Murray, 1911. url p. 417.
• The English rock-garden, by Reginald Farrer. London, Jack, 1919. url p. 1.
• The Florists' exchange: a weekly medium of interchange for florists, nurserymen, seedsmen and the trade in general. New York, N.Y.: [A.T. De la Mare Ptg. and Pub. Co., url p. 306.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 345, p. 366, p. 592.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 142, p. 150, p. 210, p. 511.
• The encyclopedia of gardening. A dictionary of cultivated plants, etc., giving in alphabetical sequence the culture and propagation of hardy and half-hardy plants, trees and shrubs, orchids, ferns, fruit, vegetables, hothouse and g London, W. H. & L. Collingridge[1908] url .
• The hardy flower book, by E. H. Jenkins, ed. by F. W. Harvey. London, C. Scribner's sons[1914] url p. 138.
• The perfect garden, how to keep it beautiful and fruitful, with practical hints on eonomical management and the culture of all the principal flowers, fruits, and vegetables; Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott company; [etc., etc.]1908. url p. 113.
• The rock garden, London, C. Scribner's sons, 1920. url .
• The students' flora of New Zealand and the outlying islands. Wellington, N. Z., John Mackay, govt. printer[1899] url , .
• Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. Wellington: New Zealand Institute. url , p. 124, p. 126, p. 128, p. 129, p. 16, p. 22, p. 3, p. 31, p. 38, p. 39, p. 40, p. 48, p. 63.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1671578
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-548
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13689832
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:720051-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 720051-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 647988

Footnotes

1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.