Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Glossy Abelia
Description
Genus Abutilon
Herbs, subshrubs
, shrubs
, or small trees
. Stipules usually caducous
; leaf blade
usually entire (lobed
in A. pictum), palmately veined, base
cordate, margin
crenate
or serrate. Flowers axillary
or subterminal
, solitary, paired
or in small cymes, often aggregated into terminal
panicles. Epicalyx
absent. Calyx campanulate
, lobes
5. Corolla mostly yellow or orange (red in A. roseum), often with dark center, campanulate to wheel-shaped, rarely ± tubular
(A. pictum) ; petals 5, basally connate
and adnate
to filament
tube
. Anthers
many, clustered at filament tube apex. Ovary (5-) 7-20-loculed; ovules 2-9 per carpel; style branches as many as carpels. Fruit a schizocarp, often blackish when mature
, subglobose to hemispherical; mericarps (5-) 7-20, eventually dehiscent
, apex rounded
or acute, sometimes 2-awned, pericarp leathery. Seeds reniform
, glabrous
or slightly pubescent
.
About 200 species: mostly in tropics and subtropics; nine species (three endemic, one introduced
) in China.
Several species have become widespread tropical
weeds
. One species, Abutilon pictum, is widely grown as an ornamental
.[1]
Physical Description
ID Features: Small buds with two pairs of scales. Deciduous to semi-evergreen. Multistemmed, dense shrub with arching branches. Opposite leaf arrangement. Shallow, dentate leaf margins. Tubular pink flowers during summer.
Habit: arching branches
Flowers: Pinkish-white flowers. Tubular form. Fragrant. Flowering starts in May then continues throughout the summer. Attracts butterflies. • Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: White
Seeds: Fruit: Not ornamentally significant.
Foliage: attractive glossy foliage • Foliage Shape: Ovate • Normal foliage color: Green • Underside foliage: Light Green • Juvenile foliage: Green • Mature foliage: Green • New foliage: Green • Spring foliage: Light Green • Summer foliage: Deciduous, simple leaves. Opposite leaf arrangement . 1" long leaves and half as wide. Rounded leaf base. Shallow, dentate leaf margins. Dark green leaf color. • Fall foliage: Bronze winter color. Somewhat showy. • Winter foliage: Green
Size/Age/Growth
Growth Rate: Moderate to fast growth rate . • Size: 3' to 6' tall and just as wide
Landscaping
Landscape Uses: Grouping or massing. For summer bloom . Hedge . Foundation planting . To attract butterflies. • Liabilities: Can look unkempt. No serious pest problems. Lacks dependable cold hardiness in zone 5 or colder. • Care: Follow a regular watering schedule during the first growing season to establish a deep, extensive root system . Feed with a general purpose fertilizer before new growth begins in spring . For a tidy, neat appearance , shear annually to shape .
Biology
Growth
Culture: Easily transplanted. Prefers acidic to neutral soil that is well-drained and moist. Full sun to partial shade. Can be heavily pruned.
Soil: Moist, acid, well-drained soil. • Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 9.0
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full to partial sun
Moisture: Water Requirements: Water regularly, when top 3 in. of soil is dry.
Temperature: Heat Zones: High: 9 (>120 to 150 days) Low:1 (< 1 days) (map) • Cold Hardiness: High:9 (20 to 30 F) Low:6 (-10 to 0 F) (map)
Taxonomy
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Plants
- Subfamily:
Sedoideae
()
- Tribe:
Abutilieae
()
- Genus:
Abutilon
()
- P. Miller, 1754
- Indian Mallow
- Specific epithet:
incanum
- (Link) Sweet
- Botanical name: - Abutilon incanum (Link) Sweet
- Specific epithet:
incanum
- (Link) Sweet
- Genus:
Abutilon
(
- Tribe:
Abutilieae
(
- Subfamily:
Sedoideae
(
Notes
A hybrid cross
between A. chinensis and A. uniflora
Parentage: A. chinensis × A. uniflora
An accepted name
in the RHS
Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Abutilon
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 119 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
A. abutiloides (American Indian-Mallow) · A. asiaticum (Asian Indian Mallow) · A. auritum (Asian Indian Mallow) · A. berlandieri (Berlandier Indian Mallow) · A. chittendenii (Canary Tree) · A. eremitopetalum (Hidden-Petaled Abutilon) · A. fruticosum (Indian Mallow) · A. grandiflorum (Hairy Indian Mallow) · A. grandifolium (Hairy Indian Mallow) · A. hirtum (Florida Key Indian-Mallow) · A. hulseanum (Mauve) · A. hybridum (Chinese-Lantern) · A. hybridum 'Albus' (White Flowering Maple) · A. hybridum 'Kathy Bells' (Abutilon) · A. hybridum 'Luteus' (Yellow Flowering Maple) · A. hypoleucum (White-Leaf Indian-Mallow) · A. incanum (Indian Mallow) · A. incanum incanum (Edible Hibiscus) · A. incanum pringlei (Pringle's Abutilon) · A. incanum subsp. pringlei (Pringle's Abutilon) · A. indicum (American Indian-Mallow) · A. malacum (Yellow Indian Mallow) · A. megapotamicum (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Little Imp' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Melon Delight' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Paisley' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Pink' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Red' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Seashell' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Sunset' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Variegatum' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Victory' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. megapotamicum 'Victor's Folly' (Chinese Lanterns) · A. menziesii (Ko'oloa 'ula) · A. molle (Hairy Abutilon) · A. mollicomum (Sonora Indian-Mallow) · A. palmeri (Palmer Indian Mallow) · A. parishii (Parish Indian Mallow) · A. parvulum (Dwarf Abutilon) · A. permolle (Coastal Indian Mallow) · A. pictum (Painted Indian Mallow) · A. pictum 'Gold Dust' (Abutilon) · A. pictum 'Marginata' (Flowering Maple) · A. pictum 'Thompsonii' (Flowering Maple) · A. pictum 'Thompsonii Yellow' (Abutilon) · A. pictum 'Vesuvius' (Abutilon) · A. purpurascens (Night Flowering Maple) · A. reventum (Yellow-Flower Indian-Mallow) · A. roseum (Red-Flowered Abutilon) · A. sandwicense (Greenflower Indian Mallow) · A. 'Savitzii' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. spinifex (Gingerbush) · A. striatum (Redvein Indian Mallow) · A. theophrasti (Butter Print) · A. thurberi (Thurber Abutilon) · A. trisulcatum (Angle-Stem Indian-Mallow) · A. virginianum (Jost Van Dyke's Indian Mallow) · A. vitifolium (Abutilon) · A. vitifolium 'Tennant's White' (Tennant's White Flowering Maple) · A. wrightii (Wright Abutilon) · A. incanum (Glossy Abelia) · A. x hybridum (Chinese Bellflower) · A. x suntense (Indian Mallow) · A. × suntense 'Violetta' (Suntense Flowering Maple) · A. x 'Moned' (Super Red® Flowering Maple) · A. 'Apollo' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Apricot' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Ashford Red' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Baby Orange' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Bartley Schwartz' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Bella Coral' (Abutilon) · A. 'Bella Pink' (Abutilon) · A. 'Bella Select Mix' (Abutilon) · A. 'Bella Vanilla' (Abutilon) · A. 'Canary Bird' (Canary Bird Flowering Maple) · A. 'Chinese Red' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Clementine' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Dame Vanessa' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Dwarf Red' (Dwarf Red Flowering Maple) · A. 'Eric Lilac' (Abutilon 'eric Lilac') · A. 'Fon Vai' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Frieda' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Fruit Punch' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Gingerbomb' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Harvest Moon' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Huntington Pink' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Ines' (Abutilon 'ines') · A. 'Kentish Belle' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Kristen's Pink' (Kristen's Pink Flowering Maple) · A. 'Linda Vista Peach' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Louis Marignac' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Luteus' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Magic Lantern' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Marianne' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Melon Sorbet' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Millie Houghton' (Abutilon 'millie Houghton') · A. 'Mobile Pink' (Flowering Maple) · A. 'Moonchimes' (Chinese Bell Flower) · A. 'Orange Hot Lava' (Abutilon 'orange Hot Lava') · A. 'Pablo's Tangelo' (Flowering Maple)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Feng Kuo-mei. 1984. Malvaceae. In: Feng Kuo-mei, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(2): 1-102.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed September 24, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- UConn Plant Database of Trees, Shrubs, and Vines. Accessed May 17, 2006.
- USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Plant Characteristics Database. Accessed April 17, 2006.
Identifiers
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182382
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PPDEN0B010
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ABGR4
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 167472
Footnotes
- "Abutilon". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 265, 275. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
