Overview
Taxonomy
The Tribe Smyrnieae is a member of the Subfamily Apioideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Smyrnieae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Asteridae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Order: Apiales
Nakai, 1930
- Family: Umbelliferae A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Order: Apiales
Nakai, 1930
- Subclass: Asteridae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
The Tribe Smyrnieae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (14): Arracacia · Cachrys · Conium · Eleutherospermum · Hymenidium · Lecokia · Oreomyrrhis · Physospermum · Pleurospermum · Prangos · Smyrniopsis · Smyrnium · Tauschia · Trachydium
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 542 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Tribe Smyrnieae.
Genera
Arracacia
Arracacia is a genus of flowering plant in the Apiaceae, with more than 50 species. It is endemic to the Americas. The most important member of the genus economically is the arracacha, Arracacia xanthorrhiza. [more]
Cachrys
Cachrys is a genus of in the Apiaceae, with 3 or 4 species. It is endemic to southern Europe and northern Africa. [more]
Conium
Herbs, biennial or shortly perennial, slender. Root stout, long-conic. Stem hollow, erect, much-branched above, conspicuously purple-spotted. Leaves petiolate, narrowly sheathing at base; blade 2-3-pinnate, finely dissected. Umbels numerous, terminal and lateral on dichotomous branches; bracts and bracteoles several, often reflexed; rays numerous, ascending; rays numerous, spreading widely. Calyx teeth obsolete. Petals white or yellowish white, obovate or obcordate, apex incurved. Stylopodium low-conic, styles short, reflexed. Fruit ovoid or broad-ovoid, slightly flattened laterally; ribs 5, prominent, all ridged to very narrowly sinuate-winged; vittae small, numerous, completely encircling the seed, usually broken down in mature fruit. Seed face deeply concave or sulcate. Carpophore 2-cleft, at least to middle.[1] [more]
Eleutherospermum
Hymenidium
Lecokia
Oreomyrrhis
Herbs perennial and caespitose. Stem inconspicuous or very short, branching from base. Leaves all basal; petiole with membranous sheath at base; blade oblong to ovate, 12-pinnate; ultimate segments linear-lanceolate, minute. Umbels simple, 420-flowered; peduncles long, scapelike; bracts 410, leaflike, oblanceolate, entire, pinnatifid or pinnate, often longer than umbels. Flowers small, white, bisexual. Calyx teeth obsolete. Petals oblong, apex acute and incurved. Stylopodium shortly conic or conic. Fruit oblong-ovoid or oblong-linear, gradually tapered to apex, slightly flattened laterally, commissure constricted; ribs 5, obtuse ridged; vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure. Seed face slightly concave. Carpophore bifid at apex.[2] [more]
Physospermum
Pleurospermum
Herbs perennial, rarely biennial. Root crown often surrounded with fibrous remnant sheaths. Stems erect, sometimes shortened. Leaves 14-pinnate or ternate-pinnate; ultimate segments serrate to incised or pinnate. Umbels terminal and lateral; bracts several, entire or pinnate, margin usually white scarious; rays often extending in fruit; bracteoles numerous, scarious, sometimes white margined. Calyx teeth conspicuous or obsolete. Petals oblong to broad-ovate, white or purple-red, base clawed, apex narrow, inflexed. Stylopodium conic or short-conic. Fruit oblong to broad-ovoid, slightly flattened laterally, glabrous, often with numerous, shining tubercules; ribs prominent and acute, sometimes undulate, cristate or narrowly winged; vittae 1(3) in each furrow, 2(or 4 or 6) on commissure. Seed face concave. Carpophore 2-parted.[3] [more]
Prangos
Herbs, perennial. Root long-conic, woody. Stem erect, branched, base clothed in stiff or fibrous remnant sheaths. Basal leaves caespitose, petiolate, sheathing at base; blade 3-4-pinnate; ultimate segments linear, entire. Leaves reduced upwards. Umbels compound, terminal or lateral; bracts several, linear or lanceolate; bracteoles similar to bracts. Calyx teeth obsolete. Petals white or yellow, ovate or elliptic, apex incurved. Stylopodium depressed, almost hidden in the apex of mature fruit; styles short, spreading. Fruit oblong to ellipsoid, somewhat dorsally compressed; ribs 5, dorsal ribs filiform, lateral ribs winged, or all ribs inconspicuous; mesocarp thick, corky; vittae numerous, small, encircling seed. Seed face inflexed into a deep T-shaped groove. Carpophore 2-parted.[4] [more]
Smyrniopsis
Smyrnium
Tauschia
Tauschia is a genus of flowering plants in the which are known as umbrellaworts. These are perennial plants with taproots or tubers and foliage generally resembling that of relatives parsley and carrot. Tauschia are native to the Americas. [more]
Trachydium
Herbs perennial, small. Taproot long-conic, rarely fusiform. Stem simple, usually very short and appearing acaulescent. Basal leaves petiolate, petioles sheathing. Leaves reduced upwards. Inflorescence branching, umbels compound, terminal on stem and branches; bracts entire, 2 3-lobed to pinnate or absent; rays 5 20, those of primary terminal umbel stout, spreading-ascending or diffuse; bracteoles similar to bracts or absent; umbellules 10 30-flowered. Calyx teeth usually minute or obsolete. Petals ovate or obovate, white or purplish-red, base cuneate or shortly clawed, apex incurved and notched. Stylopodium low-conic; styles spreading to reflexed. Fruit broadly ovoid, rarely oblong-ovoid, slightly laterally compressed, glabrous, sometimes with small tubercles between ribs; ribs filiform, conspicuous; vittae 1 4 in each furrow, 4 8 on commissure. Seed face slightly to deeply concave. Carpophore various.[5] [more]
At least 37 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Trachydium.
More info about the Genus Trachydium may be found here.
Footnotes
- Pan Zehui, Mark F. Watson "Conium". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 58. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Oreomyrrhis". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 30. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Pleurospermum". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 40. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Pan Zehui, Mark F. Watson "Prangos". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 58. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Pu Fading (Pu Fa-ting), Mark F. Watson "Trachydium". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 56. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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