Overview
Under the (ICBN) Rosidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass. Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used; the only requirement being that it includes the family Rosaceae.
Under Phylocode Rosidae is a clade defined as the most inclusive crown clade containing Rosa cinnamomea1] but not Berberidopsis corallina nor Dillenia indica nor Gunnera manicata nor Helianthus annuus nor Saxifraga mertensiana nor Stellaria media nor Viscum album. [2]
A well-known usage of the former sense is in the Cronquist system; in the 1981, original, version of that system the circumscription was:
- subclass Rosidae
The Phylocode definition includes Crossosomatales, Geraniales, Myrtales, Fabidae (Celastrales, Cucurbitales, Fabales, Fagales, Huaceae, Oxalidales, Malpighiales, Rosales and Zygophyllales), Malvidae (Brassicales, Dipentodontaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Malvales, Sapindales, and Tapisciaceae), "probably" Picramniaceae, and "possibly" Vitaceae.[2]
There is considerable overlap between two definitions (some apparent differences are the result of the use of more broadly drawn orders in the second), but Apiales, Cornales, Proteales and Santales and parts of Rafflesiales are excluded from the second, and many groups from Cronquist's Hamamelidae and Dillenidae are included.
In both senses the term "rosid" applies, as an adjective and noun, to members of the group. In the APG and APG II systems, which eschewed formal formal botanical names between the ranks of class and order the term "rosids" is used to define an informal clade corresponding to the PhyloCode (Cantino et al.) sense.
Photos
Taxonomy
The Subclass Rosidae is a member of the Class Dicotyledoneae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Rosidae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866
- Phylum: Anthophyta
- Class: Dicotyledoneae
- Subclass: Rosidae Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Dicotyledoneae
- Phylum: Anthophyta
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866
The Subclass Rosidae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Order (45): Anisophylleales · Balsaminales · Biebersteiniales · Brexiales · Burserales · Cardiopteridales · Celastrales · Cephalotales · Chrysobalanales · Connarales · Coriariales · Corynocarpales · Crossosomatales · Cunoniales · Elaeagnales · Fabales · Francoales · Geraniales · Greyiales · Gunnerales · Haloragales · Icacinales · Leitneriales · Linales · Medusandrales · Metteniusales · Myrtales · Oxalidales · Parnassiales · Podostemales · Polygalales · Proteales · Rhamnales · Rhizophorales · Rosales · Rutales · Sabiales · Salvadorales · Santalales · Sapindales · Saxifragales · Tropaeolales · Vitales · Vochysiales · Zygophyllales
Orders
Anisophylleales
Balsaminales
Biebersteiniales
Brexiales
Burserales
Cardiopteridales
Celastrales
Celastrales is an of flowering plants. They are found throughout the tropics and subtropics, with only a few species extending far into the temperate regions. There are about 1200 to 1350 species in about 100 genera. All but 7 of these genera are in the large family Celastraceae. Until recently, the composition of the order and its division into families varied greatly from one author to another. [more]
Cephalotales
Chrysobalanales
Connarales
Coriariales
Corynocarpales
Crossosomatales
The Crossosomatales are an order, newly recognized by the , of flowering plants, included within the Rosids, which are part of the eudicots. The following three families are placed here: [more]
Cunoniales
Elaeagnales
Fabales
Fabales is an of flowering plants. It is included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. In the APG II circumscription this order includes the families Fabaceae or legumes (including the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Papilionoideae), Quillajaceae, Polygalaceae or milkworts (including the families Diclidantheraceae, Moutabeaceae, and Xanthophyllaceae), and Surianaceae. Under the Cronquist system and some other plant classification systems, the order Fabales contains only the family Fabaceae. The other families treated in the Fabales by the APG II classification were placed in separate orders by Cronquist, the Polygalaceae within its own order, the Polygalales, and the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae within the Rosales. [more]
Francoales
Geraniales
The Geraniales are a small order of , included within the rosid subgroup of dicotyledons. The largest family in the order is the Geraniaceae with over 800 species. In addition, the order includes some small families, contributing together another less than 40 species. Most Geraniales are herbaceous, but there are also shrubs and small trees. [more]
Greyiales
Gunnerales
Gunnerales is an order of . In the APG II system (2003) it contains two genera: Gunnera and Myrothamnus. These may both be assigned to the same family (Gunneraceae) or to two separate families (Gunneraceae and Myrothamnaceae, respectively). In the Cronquist system (1981) Gunneraceae was placed in the Haloragales and Myrothamnaceae in the Hamamelidales. [more]
Haloragales
Haloragales is a botanical name for an of flowering plants. In the Cronquist system of classification, of 1981, it was placed in subclass Rosidae and had this circumscription: [more]
Icacinales
Leitneriales
Leitneria floridana (Corkwood), the sole species in the genus Leitneria, is a dioecious shrub or small tree, found only in the southeastern United States states of Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Missouri and Texas. [more]
Linales
Linales is a of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription (1981) : [more]
Medusandrales
Metteniusales
Myrtales
The Myrtales are an order of placed as a basal group within the rosid group of dicotyledons (not a member of eurosids Ior eurosids II). The following families are typical of newer classifications: [more]
Oxalidales
The Oxalidales are an of flowering plants, included within the rosid subgroup of dicotyledons. The following families are typically placed here: [more]
Parnassiales
Podostemales
The Podostemaceae (riverweed family) is a in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 50 genera and 250 species of more or less thalloid aquatic herbs. [more]
Polygalales
The Polygalaceae ( Diclidantheraceae, Moutabeaceae, Xanthophyllaceae) or Milkwort family is a family of flowering plants in the order Fabales. They have a near-cosmopolitan range, with about 17 genera and 900–1,000 species of herbs, shrubs and trees. Over half of the species are in one genus, Polygala, the milkworts. [more]
Proteales
Rhamnales
The Rhamnales are an order of plants. In the Cronquist system, the following families were placed here: [more]
Rhizophorales
Rhizophoraceae is a constituted by tropical or subtropical flowering plants. Among the better known members are mangrove trees of the genus Rhizophora. There are around 120 species distributed in sixteen genera, most native to the Old World. [more]
Rosales
Rosales is an order of , including nine families, the type family being the rose family Rosaceae. These nine families (see box, right) are those shown by the genetic analysis carried out by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group to be related to each other. Their analysis showed that the old Cronquist system order of Urticales belongs within the Rosales. In the APG classification, well-known members of Rosales include: roses; strawberries, blackberries and raspberries; apples and pears; plums, peaches and apricots; almonds; rowan and hawthorn; elms; figs; nettles; and hops and cannabis. Apart from the Rosaceae itself, this is a complete change from the circumscription of the Rosales in the Cronquist system, listed below; these families have been removed to various other orders. The currently accepted family and/or order is shown in brackets: [more]
Rutales
Sapindales () is a for an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus; maples, horse-chestnuts, lychees and rambutans; mangos and cashews; frankincense and myrrh; and mahogany. [more]
Sabiales
Sabiaceae is a of flowering plants, native to tropical to warm temperate regions of southern Asia and the Americas. [more]
Salvadorales
Santalales
Santalales is an of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution but heavily concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions. [more]
Sapindales
Sapindales () is a for an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus; maples, horse-chestnuts, lychees and rambutans; mangos and cashews; frankincense and myrrh; and mahogany. [more]
Saxifragales
The Saxifragales are an order of flowering plants. In the APG II classification system, it includes the following families: [more]
Tropaeolales
Vitales
Vitaceae are a family of flowering plants including the grape and Virginia creeper. The family name is derived from the genus Vitis. The name sometimes appears as Vitidaceae, but Vitaceae is a conserved name and therefore has priority over both Vitidaceae and another name sometimes found in the older literature, Ampelidaceae. [more]
Vochysiales
Zygophyllales
The Zygophyllales are an of dicotyledon plants, comprising the following two families: [more]
At least 773 species and subspecies belong to the Order Zygophyllales.
More info about the Order Zygophyllales may be found here.
References
- ^ sensu L. 1753 non L. 1759
- ^ a b Cantino, Philip D.; James A. Doyle, Sean W. Graham, Walter S. Judd, Richard G. Olmstead, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, & Michael J. Donoghue (2007). "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta". Taxon 56 (3): E1–E44. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2007/00000056/00000003/art00020.
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Thursday, August 13, 2009.
- Photographs on this page are copyrighted by individual photographers, and individual copyrights apply.
- The GMapImageCutter is used under license from the UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis.
- The technology underlying this page, including the Image Browser and controls behind Keep Exploring, is owned by the BayScience Foundation. All rights are reserved.