Overview
Taxonomy
The Tribe Rhinantheae is a member of the Subfamily Charadriinae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Rhinantheae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Asteridae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Lamianae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Order: Lamiales
Bromhead, 1838
- Family: Orobanchaceae
(ep-ih-FAG-us)
Ventenat, 1799
- Subfamily: Charadriinae
- Tribe: Rhinantheae
- Subfamily: Charadriinae
- Family: Orobanchaceae
(ep-ih-FAG-us)
Ventenat, 1799
- Order: Lamiales
Bromhead, 1838
- Superorder: Lamianae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Subclass: Asteridae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
The Tribe Rhinantheae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (15): Bartsia · Conopholis · Euphrasia · Lathraea · Melampyrum · Microula · Odontites · Omphalotrix · Parentucellia · Pedicularis · Phtheirospermum · Pseudobartsia · Rhinanthus · Siphonostegia · Tozzia
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2,604 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Tribe Rhinantheae.
Genera
Bartsia
Bartsia is a genus of in family Orobanchaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]
Conopholis
Conopholis is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. [more]
Euphrasia
Euphrasia (Eyebright) is a genus of about 450 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (formerly included in the Scrophulariaceae), with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are semi-parasitic on grasses and other plants. The common name refers to the plant's use in treating eye infections. [more]
Lathraea
Toothworts (Lathraea) are a small genus of five to seven species of flowering plants, native to temperate Europe and Asia. They are parasitic plants on the roots of other plants, and are completely lacking chlorophyll. They are classified in the family Orobanchaceae. In addition, Cardamine concatenata is also called toothwort. [more]
Melampyrum
Melampyrum is a genus of about 10-20 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are hemiparasites on other plants, obtaining some mineral nutrients from the host plant, though they are able to survive on their own without parasitising other plants. [more]
Microula
Herbs biennial, usually hispid or bristly, rarely pubescent. Roots terete. Stems erect to ascending, frequently branched from base, sometimes very short. Leaves alternate, margin entire, rarely with obscure teeth; lateral veins few, not conspicuous. Cymes short, crowded, rarely elongated, becoming spiciform or racemelike, sometimes 1-flowered at a branching point opposite a leaf; bracts obscure. Calyx 5-parted, slightly enlarged in fruit, subtending nutlets. Corolla blue or white, low salverform; throat 5-appendaged; appendages opposite lobes; limb 5-lobed, spreading horizontally. Stamens included. Ovary 4-parted. Style included; stigma compressed globose. Gynobase nearly flat or low fastigiate. Nutlets ovoid or long turbinate, slightly dorsiventrally, rarely slightly bilaterally compressed, or abaxial and adaxial surfaces extended and becoming long turbinate, usually tuberculate, glabrous or short pubescent, rarely with glochids, abaxially usually with an aperture, aperture margin 1- (or 2) -layered; attachment scar extending from base to apex adaxially.[1] [more]
Odontites
Odontites is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. [more]
Omphalotrix
Herbs, annual. Leaves opposite. Racemes in panicles. Pedicel elongated. Calyx tube tubular-campanulate, parted medianly to 2/5 length, parted on lateral sides to 1/3-1/2 length, 5-veined. Corolla lower lip deeply 3-lobed, lobes patent; upper lip galeate, straight, margin flat, emarginate. Stamens 4, enclosed by galea; anthers arrow-shaped, locule base extending into spurs, barbate along slit after dehiscence. Stigma capitate. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds numerous; wings white, cross striate.[2] [more]
Parentucellia
Pedicularis
Pedicularis is a genus of perennial green root parasite plants belonging to the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. Between 350 and 600 species are accepted by different authorities, mostly from the wetter northern temperate zones, as well as from South America. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with 352 species accepted in China alone by the Flora of China (not detailed here; see external links for details). [more]
Phtheirospermum
Herbs, annual or perennial, viscid glandular villous. Stems 1 or cespitose. Leaves petiolate or sessile; leaf blade pinnately parted to pinnatisect. Flowers axillary from upper leaves, in lax racemes, short pedicellate. Bracteoles absent. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed; lobes entire to pinnately parted. Corolla tubular, with 2 folds; lower lip spreading flat, 3-lobed; upper lip shorter than lower, erect, 2-lobed; lobes revolute. Stamens 4, didynamous; anterior stamens longer than posterior, included or exserted; anthers glabrous or woolly; anther locules 2, equal, distinct, parallel, mucronate. Ovary narrowly ovoid, apex 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid, compressed, beaked, loculicidal, valves entire. Seed ovoid; seed coat reticulate.[3] [more]
Pseudobartsia
Herbs, annual. Leaves opposite; leaf blade palmatisect, 3-parted. Racemes terminal. Calyx 10-veined, 5-lobed, parted to ca. 1/2 length, upper lobe slightly shallower. Corolla 2-lipped; lower lip exserted in bud, 3-lobed at anthesis, lobes patent, base 2-plicate; upper lip obscurely galeate, parted slightly beyond middle. Stamens 4, didynamous, enclosed by galea; anther locules equal, apically confluent, obovoid, pointed at base. Stigma capitate. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds numerous, sculptured, slightly curved; seed coat reticulate.[4] [more]
Rhinanthus
Rhinanthus (Rattle) is a genus of annual hemiparasitic herbs in the family Orobanchaceae, formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. The genus consists of about 30-40 species found in Europe, northern Asia, and North America, with the greatest species diversity (28 species) in Europe. [more]
Siphonostegia
Herbs, annual. Stems erect, basally woody, apically much branched. Leaves opposite, sessile or short petiolate; leaf blade pinnately parted or dissected. Racemes terminal; bracts foliaceous, parted to entire. Flowers opposite, sparse. Pedicel short. Bracteoles 2, linear. Calyx tube campanulate, 4-8 X longer than wide, membranous, 10-veined; lobes 5, subequal, sublanceolate. Corolla tube slender, straight, as long as or slightly longer than calyx tube; limb 2-lipped; lower lip as long as upper, 3-lobed; lobes ovate-triangular, subequal, apex acute, with 2 petaloid plaits; upper lip galeate, bowed. Stamens didynamous, slightly exserted. Ovary 2-loculed. Style slightly exserted. Capsule black to black-brown, enclosed by persistent calyx. Seeds numerous, oblong-ovoid; seed coat reticulate; wing thick, fleshy, hyaline.[5] [more]
Tozzia
At least 4 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Tozzia.
More info about the Genus Tozzia may be found here.
Bibliography
- Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.
Footnotes
- "Microula". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 391. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Omphalotrix". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 95. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Phtheirospermum". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 91. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Deyuan Hong, Hanbi Yang, Cun-li Jin, Manfred A. Fischer, Noel H. Holmgren & Robert R. Mill "Pseudobartsia". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 96. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Siphonostegia". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 210. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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