Overview
Herbs perennial or annual, sometimes subshrubs or herbaceous or woody vines. Leaves basal and cauline, alternate, rarely opposite or whorled, simple or variously compound, palmately nerved, rarely penninerved, with or without stipules. Inflorescence a simple or compound monochasium, dichasium, simple or compound raceme, or flowers solitary. Flowers bisexual, sometimes unisexual, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic, hypogynous. Sepals 3--6 or more, free, petaloid or sepaloid, imbricate or sometimes valvate in bud. Petals present or absent, 2--8 or more, free, usually with nectaries. Stamens numerous, rarely few, free; filaments linear or filiform; anthers latrorse, introrse, or extrorse; sometimes some sterile stamens becoming staminodes. Carpels numerous or few, rarely 1, free, rarely connate to various degrees; ovary with 1 to many ovules. Fruit follicles or achenes, rarely capsules or berries. Seeds small, with abundant endosperm and minute embryo.
About 60 genera and 2500 species: worldwide, but richly represented in N temperate regions, particularly in E Asia; 38 genera (four endemic) and 921 species (604 endemic) in China.[1]
Taxonomy
The Family Ranunculaceae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Subfamily (11): Asteroideae · Cichorioideae · Coptoideae · Hydrastidoideae · Isopyroideae · Ixioideae · Ranunculoideae · Rhododendroideae · Thalictroideae · Trollioideae · Ulmoideae
- Tribe (18): Actaeeae · Adonideae · Anemoneae · Anthemideae · Bombini · Cichorieae · Cimicifugeae · Coptideae · Delphinieae · Dichocarpeae · Helleboreae · Isopyreae · Ixieae · Nigelleae · Ranunculeae · Rhododendreae · Thalictreae · Xanthorhizeae
- Genus (167): Abelemis · Aconitella · Aconitopsis · Aconitum · Actaea · Actinospora · Adonanthe · Adoniastrum · Adonis · Aiolon · Alexeya · Anamenia · Anemanthus · Anemoclema · Anemonanthaea · Anemonanthea · Anemonastrum · Anemone · Anemonella · Anemonidium · Anemonoides · Anemonopsis · Anetilla · Anguloa · Angulocaste · Anthora · Aphanostemma · Aquilegia · Aquilina · Arcteranthis · Arsenjevia · Aspidophyllum · Asteropyrum · Atragene · Barneoudia · Batrachium · Beckwithia · Beesia · Bodinieria · Botrophis · Calathodes · Callianthemoides · Callianthemum · Caltha · Cammarum · Casalea · Ceratocephala · Ceratocephalus · Cheiropsis · Chienia · Christophoriana · Chrysocoptis · Chrysocyathus · Cimicifuga · Cimifuga · Clematis · Clematitis · Clematopsis · Consolida · Coptidium · Coptis · Coriflora · Cortiella · Cremnosedum · Cynomorbium · Cyprianthe · Cyrtorhyncha · Delphinastrum · Delphinium · Dichocarpum · Diedropetala · Dipleina · Enemion · Eranthis · Erantis · Eriocapitella · Fibra · Ficaria · Fontanella · Gaissenia · Garidella · Glossophyllum · Halerpestes · Hamadryas · Hapatica · Hecatonia · Hegemone · Helleboraster · Helleborus · Hepatica · Heptaptera · Hericinia · Hordelymus · Hydrastis · Ionosmanthus · Isopyrum · Jonopsidium · Kingdonia · Knowltonia · Koellea · Komaroffia · Krapfia · Kumlienia · Laccopetalum · Leptopyrum · Lycoctonum · Macrotrys · Meclatis · Megaleranthis · Metanemone · Miyakea · Moutan · Myosurus · Napellus · Naravelia · Nemorosa · Nigella · Notophilus · Olfa · Oreithales · Oriba · Ourisia · Oxygraphis · Paraquilegia · Paropyrum · Paroxygraphis · Peltocalathos · Phledinium · Phylliopsis · Pityrosperma · Plectrornis · Populago · Preonanthus · Psychrophila · Pulsatilla · Pygmea · Rabdosia · Raffenaldia · Ranula · Ranunculastrum · Ranunculus · Regelia · Rhodanthemum · Rhopalopodium · Schimlinia · Schlagintweitiella · Semiaquilegia · Shibateranthis · Sophronitella · Souliea · Sycoparrotia · Tamuria · Thalictrella · Thalictrodes · Thalictrum · Thora · Trautvetteria · Tripterium · Tritonia · Trollius · Urophysa · Viorna · Warnera · Xanthorhiza · Xanthorrhiza · Xerodera · Zanthorhiza
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 13,190 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Family Ranunculaceae.
Genera
Abelemis
Aconitella
Aconitopsis
Aconitum
Aconitum ( A-co-n?-tum), known as aconite, monkshood, wolf's bane, leopard's bane, women's bane, Devil's helmet or blue rocket, is a genus of over 250 species of flowering plants belonging to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). [more]
Actaea
Actaea (baneberry or bugbane) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. [more]
Actinospora
Adonanthe
Adoniastrum
Adonis
Adonis (Phoenician "lord"), in Greek mythology, the god of beauty and desire, is a figure with Northwest Semitic antecedents, where he is a central figure in various mystery religions. The Greek (Greek pronunciation: Adonis is a variation of the Semitic word Adonai, "lord", which is also one of the names used to refer to God in the Old Testament. Syrian Adonis is closely related to the Cypriot Gauas or Aos, to Egyptian Osiris, to the Semitic Tammuz and Baal Hadad, to the Etruscan Atunis and the Phrygian Attis, all of whom are deities of rebirth and vegetation. His religion belonged to women: the dying of Adonis was fully developed in the circle of young girls around the poet Sappho from the island of Lesbos, about 600 BCE, as revealed in a fragment of Sappho's surviving poetry. [more]
Aiolon
Alexeya
Anamenia
Anamenia is a genus of cavibelonian solenogaster. [more]
Anemanthus
Anemoclema
Plant perennial. Rhizome present. Sheath flat, sometimes narrowly winged. Leaves 4--7, basal, petiolate, pinnatisect to pinnatipartite; veins conspicuous. Involucral bracts 3, verticillate, pinnatilobate. Inflorescences umbelliform; bracteoles opposite. Flowers bisexual. Sepals 5, bluish purple, petaloid. Petals absent. Pistils sessile. Ovary 1-ovuled, densely villous. Styles slender, persistent, 6 × longer than ovary. Achenes densely villous. [2] [more]
Anemonanthaea
Anemonanthea
Anemonastrum
Anemone
Anemone (), is a genus of about 120 species of flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae in the north and south temperate zones. They are closely related to Pasque flowers (Pulsatilla) and Hepaticas (Hepatica); some botanists include both of these genera within Anemone. [more]
Anemonella
Thalictrum thalictroides (Rue-anemone) is a spring ephemeral plant in the buttercup family, prized for its white to pink flowers, native to woodland in eastern North America. [more]
Anemonidium
Anemonoides
Anemonopsis
Anemonopsis is a monotypic genus in the family Ranunculaceae, containing only the species Anemonopsis macrophylla. [more]
Anetilla
Anguloa
Anguloa, commonly known as tulip orchids, is a small orchid genus closely related to Lycaste. Its abbreviation in horticulture is Ang. This genus was described by Jos? Antonio Pav?n and Hip?lito Ruiz L?pez in 1798. They named it in honor of , a contemporary Peruvian who collected orchids as a hobby and by this way had become quite knowledgeable about these plants, assisting the botanists in their work. [more]
Angulocaste
Anthora
The Anthora is a paper coffee cup design that has become iconic of New York City daily life ? its name is a play on the word amphora. [more]
Aphanostemma
Aquilegia
Aquilegia (Columbine; from Latin columba "dove") is a genus of about 60-70 species of perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands, and at higher altitudes throughout the Northern Hemisphere, known for the spurred petals of their flowers. [more]
Aquilina
Saint Aquilina was a 3rd century Christian child born in Byblos in 281. [more]
Arcteranthis
Arsenjevia
Aspidophyllum
Asteropyrum
Herbs perennial. Rhizomes short, fibrous. Leaves basal, simple, papery, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sparsely strigose, base nearly truncate, distinctly peltate; leaf blade ± palmately lobed. Scapes 1--3; bracts usually opposite, ovate to broadly ovate, ca. 3 mm. Flowers terminal, solitary, actinomorphic, bisexual. Sepals 5, white, petaloid, obovate, apex rounded. Petals 5--8, golden yellow, ca. 1/2 as long as sepals, suborbicular, glabrous, long ligulate. Stamens numerous, slightly longer than petals, glabrous; filaments narrowly linear, 1-veined; anthers yellow, oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistils 5--8, erect; ovary oblong, apex attenuate into a short style; ovules many. Follicles widely divergent, suboblong, ca. 8 mm, without prominent transverse veins on lateral surfaces, persistent styles short. Seeds brownish, ellipsoid, ca. 1.5 mm.[3] [more]
Atragene
Clematis (klematis) is a genus of about 300 species within the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids have been popular among gardeners beginning with Clematis ? jackmanii, a garden standby since 1862; more hybrid cultivars are being produced constantly. They are mainly of Chinese and Japanese origin. Most species are known as clematis in English, while some are also known as traveller's joy a name invented for the sole British native, C. vitalba by the herbalist John Gerard, virgin's bower for C. viticella, old man's beard, applied to several with prominent seedheads, leather flower or vase vine for the North American . [more]
Barneoudia
Batrachium
Ranunculus () is a large genus of about 600 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae. Members of the genus include the buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots and the lesser celandine. [more]
Beckwithia
Beesia
Plant genus belonging to the Ranunculaceae (buttercup) family. It was named after the plant nursery firm Bees of Chester, who financed the plant hunting trips of George Forrest and Frank Kingdon-Ward in China1. [more]
Bodinieria
Botrophis
Calathodes
Herbs perennial, mostly glabrous. Roots fibrous. Leaves simple, basal ones 1--3, cauline ones 4--6, pentagonal or subpentagonal, palmately 3-sect. Flower solitary, terminal, opening nearly flat. Sepals 5, petaloid, yellow, white, or greenish white, caducous. Petals absent. Stamens numerous; filaments narrowly linear; anthers oblong. Follicles 7--60, subleathery, with lateral veins usually parallel except basally, with or without a projection on abaxial suture. Seeds 8--10, black, glossy, ca. 2 mm, obovoid, smooth. 2n = 16*.[4] [more]
Callianthemoides
Callianthemum
Herbs perennial, glabrous. Rhizome present. Stems unbranched or branched. Leaves basal, subbasal, or cauline. Inflorescences terminal on stems or branches, 1-flowered. Flowers bisexual. Sepals 5. Petals 5--13, glandular striate, clawed. Stamens numerous; filaments lanceolate-linear; anthers ellipsoid to narrowly oblong. Pistils numerous; ovule 1 per ovary, pendulous. Fruit aggregate. Achenes ovoid to obovoid.[5] [more]
Caltha
Caltha is a genus of 10 species of rhizomatous perennial plants in the buttercup family, native to wet areas in temperate and cold regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. [more]
Cammarum
Casalea
Ceratocephala
A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Ceratocephalus
Cheiropsis
Chienia
Christophoriana
Chrysocoptis
Chrysocyathus
Cimicifuga
Cimicifuga (bugbane or cohosh) is a genus of between 12-18 species of flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. [more]
Cimifuga
Clematis
Clematis (KLEma-tis) is a genus of about 300 species within the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids have been popular among gardeners, beginning with Clematis ? jackmanii, a garden standby since 1862; more hybrid cultivars are being produced constantly. They are mainly of Chinese and Japanese origin. Most species are known as clematis in English, while some are also known as traveller's joy a name invented for the sole British native, C. vitalba by the herbalist John Gerard, virgin's bower for C. viticella, old man's beard, applied to several with prominent seedheads, leather flower or vase vine for the North American Clematis viorna. [more]
Clematitis
Clematopsis
Consolida
Consolida is a genus of about 40 species of annual flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native from western Europe through the Mediterranean region east to central Asia. The common name, shared with the closely related genus Delphinium, is Larkspur. [more]
Coptidium
Coptis
Coptis (Gold Thread or Goldenthread) is a genus of between 10–15 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Asia and North America. [more]
Coriflora
Cortiella
Herbs, perennial, low, acaulescent or shortly caulescent, usually forming compact rosettes closely appressed to soil surface. Tap root stout, vertical. Stem base densely clothed in fibrous remnant sheaths. Leaves petiolate; blade oblong, 2-3-pinnatisect; ultimate segments linear. Umbels compound, solitary terminal umbel usually sessile, appearing as a cluster of simple umbels, lateral umbels few, pedunculate, obviously compound; bracts many, foliaceous, 1-2-pinnate; rays 10-15; bracteoles numerous, linear or apex 3-lobed. Calyx teeth prominent, linear-lanceolate or triangular-acuminate, unequal. Petals ovate, entire or emarginate, apex narrowly inflexed. Fruit pale yellow or purplish tinged when mature, flat-globose, dorsally compressed, cordate at both ends; ribs broadly winged, wings corky-spongy, unequal, lateral wings usually broader than dorsal; vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure. Seed face plane. Carpophore 2-cleft to base.[6] [more]
Cremnosedum
Cynomorbium
Cyprianthe
Cyrtorhyncha
Delphinastrum
Delphinium
Herbs, perennial, from fasciculate roots or rhizomes. Leaves basal and/or cauline, petiolate, petioles gradually to abruptly shorter on distal leaves; basal leaves usually larger than cauline; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf blade deeply palmately divided, round to pentagonal or reniform, margins entire or lobes apically crenate or lacerate, lobes of basal blades wider and fewer than those of cauline blades. Inflorescences terminal, 2-100(-more) -flowered racemes (occasionally branched, thus technically panicles), 5-40 cm or more; bracts subtending inflorescence branches; pedicels present or absent; bracteoles (on pedicels) subopposite-subalternate, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, bilaterally symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5; upper sepal 1, spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper petals 2, spurred, enclosed in upper sepal, nectary inside tip of spur; lower petals 2, plane, ± ovate, ± 2-lobed, clawed, 2-12 mm, nectary absent; stamens 25-40; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils 3(-5), simple; ovules 8-20 per pistil; style present. Fruits follicles, aggregate, sessile, ± curved-cylindric, sides prominently veined or not; beak terminal, straight, 2-4 mm. Seeds dark brown to black (often appearing white because of air in seed coat cells), rectangular to pyramidal, often ± rough surfaced. x = 8.[7] [more]
Dichocarpum
Herbs perennial, erect. Rhizomes present. Stem scapoid, unbranched or few branched, with few leaves or leafless. Leaves basal or basal and cauline, pedately compound, 3--13-foliolate, rarely simple; central leaflet entire. Inflorescences cymose, terminal or axillary, 1--8-flowered; bracts usually 3-lobed. Flowers radially symmetric, bisexual, sometimes cleistogamous. Sepals 5, petaloid, usually white, seldom yellowish or pinkish. Petals 5, golden-yellow, much smaller than sepals, clawed. Stamens 5--25; filaments narrowly linear, 1-veined; anthers yellow. Pistils 2, connate at base; ovary narrowly oblong, many ovuled; styles persistent. Follicles 2, divaricate, apically beaked. Seeds nitid, sometimes somewhat rugose or rough.[8] [more]
Diedropetala
Dipleina
Enemion
Herbs, perennial, from stout woody rhizomes or tuberous roots. Leaves basal and cauline, proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves sessile or nearly so; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf blade 2-ternately compound; leaflets broadly ovate to cuneate-obovate, margins entire to deeply 3-notched. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 2-10-flowered cymes or racemes or flowers solitary, to 4 cm; bracts absent. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5(-9), white, occasionally tinged pinkish, plane, ovate to obovate, 3.5-15 mm; petals absent; stamens 9-75; filaments filiform to clavate or narrowly triangular; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils [1-]2-10, simple; ovules 2-6 per pistil; style present. Fruits follicles, aggregate, sessile or stipitate, oblong or elliptic to obovate, laterally compressed, sides with a few prominent veins and transverse veinlets; beak terminal, straight or curved, 0.5-3 mm. Seeds reddish brown, ovoid, smooth, rugulose, or minutely pubescent. x = 7.[9] [more]
Eranthis
Eranthis (Winter aconite) is a genus of eight species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family), native to southern Europe and east across Asia to Japan. [more]
Erantis
Eriocapitella
Fibra
Ficaria
Ranunculus () is a large genus of about 600 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae. Members of the genus include the buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots and the lesser celandine. [more]
Fontanella
Gaissenia
Garidella
Glossophyllum
Halerpestes
Herbs perennial, small, usually with slender creeping stolons. Leaves all basal or at nodes of stolons, leaf blade simple, undivided, dentate or 3-lobed to 3-sect. Scapes naked or with a linear bract. Inflorescence a solitary terminal flower or a 2- or 3-flowered monochasium. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic. Sepals 5, deciduous. Petals 5--12, yellow, narrowly obovate, shortly clawed at base, with a nectary pit above base. Stamens numerous or few; anthers ellipsoid. Carpels numerous, spirally arranged on a conical receptacle; ovules 1 per carpel. Aggregate fruit globose or ovoid; achenes bilaterally compressed, with 2 or 3 longitudinal thin ribs on each side; style persistent, straight or curved.[10] [more]
Hamadryas
A Genus in the Kingdom unknown!.[11] [more]
Hapatica
Hecatonia
Hegemone
A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]
Helleboraster
Helleborus
Commonly known as hellebores, members of the genus Helleborus comprise approximately 20 species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, within which it gave its name to the tribe of Helleboreae. Many species are poisonous. [more]
Hepatica
Hepatica (hepatica, liverleaf, or liverwort) is a genus of herbaceous perennials in the buttercup family, native to central and northern Europe, Asia and eastern North America. Some botanists include Hepatica within a wider interpretation of Anemone. [more]
Heptaptera
Hericinia
Hordelymus
Hydrastis
Goldenseal (Orange-root, Orangeroot; Hydrastis canadensis) is a perennial herb in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States. It may be distinguished by its thick, yellow knotted rootstock. The stem is purplish and hairy above ground and yellow below ground where it connects to the yellow rhizome. The plant bears two palmate, hairy leaves with 5?7 double-toothed lobes and single, small, inconspicuous flowers with greenish white stamens in the late spring. It bears a single berry like a large raspberry with 10?30 seeds in the summer. [more]
Ionosmanthus
Isopyrum
Isopyrum is a genus of flowering plants of the family Ranunculaceae native to Eurasia. The North American genus Enemion is sometimes treated as part of it. [more]
Jonopsidium
Kingdonia
Herbs perennial, small. Rhizome slender. Leaf usually 1, basal, long petiolate, palmate, veins dichotomous. Flowers terminal, solitary, bisexual. Sepals (4 or) 5 or 6(or 7). Petals absent. Stamens (3--) 5--8. Staminodes 8--11(--13), terete, apex capitate. Pistils 3--7(--9) ; ovules pendulous. Styles subulate. Achenes narrowly oblanceolate.[12] [more]
Knowltonia
Knowltonia is a genus of the family . There are at least ten species native to South Africa and an uncertain number growing in the Amazon Basin. The juice from the stem of many of the species in the genus is a powerful vesicant. [more]
Koellea
Komaroffia
Krapfia
Kumlienia
Laccopetalum
Leptopyrum
Herbs annual with a taproot. Branches declinate. Leaves mostly ternate, some leaves imperfectly 2-ternate. Basal leaves several. Stem leaves 1 or 2. Inflorescences terminal, cymose to umbelliform, few flowered; bracts foliaceous, similar to stem leaves. Flowers radially symmetric, tubular, bisexual. Pedicel slender. Sepals 5, petaloid. Petals 2 or 3, ± bilabiate. Stamens 10--15; filaments filiform, often basally slightly dilated; anthers subglobose. Pistils 6--20. Follicles erect, reticulate on lateral surfaces; persistent styles slender. Seeds 4--14, black to dark brown, slightly rugose.[13] [more]
Lycoctonum
Macrotrys
Meclatis
Megaleranthis
Metanemone
Herbs perennial. Rhizome lateral roots dense. Leaves basal, long petiolate, simple, palmate or undivided. Scape erect. Inflorescences terminal. Sepals petaloid, imbricate in bud. Stamens ca. 50. Pistils ca. 18; ovary densely yellow villous; ovule 1, pendulous. Styles subulate; stigma small.[14] [more]
Miyakea
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Moutan
Myosurus
The genus Myosurus, or Mousetail, belongs to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It comprises about 15 species of annual scapose herbs. These herbs are nearly cosmopolitan (lacking in eastern Asia and tropical regions), with a center of diversity in western North America. [more]
Napellus
Naravelia
Naravelia is a genus of plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. There are at least two members of the genus, wood climbers, native to China. [more]
Nemorosa
Nigella
Herbs, annual, from taproots. Leaves basal and cauline, petiolate or distal leaves sessile; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf blade 2-3-pinnately dissected, segments linear, threadlike [ovate or oblong or sometimes undivided, short], margins entire. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, flowers solitary; involucres present [absent], involucral bracts 5-6, finely pinnately dissected, closely subtending flower. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals persistent in fruit, 5-25, blue to white or pink [yellowish white or green], plane, ovate, clawed [not clawed], 8-25 mm, apex acuminate; petals (0-) 5-10, distinct, lead-colored, hooded, obovate, 2-labiate, 2-5 mm; nectary apical; stamens 15-75; filaments filiform; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistil compound [carpels connate proximally], [2-]5-10-carpellate; ovules 25-100; style present. Fruits capsular [partially connate follicles], sessile, inflated-spheric [not inflated], sides not prominently veined; beak terminal, straight, 13-20 mm. Seeds black, broadly obovate, reticulate, with raised ridges. x =6.[15] [more]
Notophilus
Olfa
Oreithales
Oriba
Ourisia
Oxygraphis
Herbs perennial, stemless, with short rhizomes. Leaves all basal, simple, petiolate, leaf blade undivided, indistinctly 3-lobed, or rarely 3-partite, margin crenate or entire, 3--5-veined. Inflorescence a solitary, scapose, terminal flower, rarely a 2- or 3-flowered monochasium. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic. Sepals 5--8, enlarged after flowering, green, persistent or rarely deciduous. Petals 5--19, yellow, oblong, shortly clawed, with a small nectary pit above base. Stamens numerous; filaments narrowly linear; anthers ellipsoid or oblong. Carpels numerous, spirally arranged on a convex receptacle; ovule 1 per carpel, erect. Style shorter than ovary; stigmatic surface adaxial. Aggregate fruit broadly ovoid; achenes ± bilaterally compressed, narrowly rhombic or subfusiform, longitudinally 1- or more veined on each side, with a persistent style at apex.[16] [more]
Paraquilegia
Herbs perennial. Rhizomes robust, densely covered with basal remnants of old petioles and leaves. Leaves many, basal, 1 or 2 × ternately compound; petiole long, basally sheathed; leaf blade papery. Scapes 1--8, erect, usually ± as long as leaves; bracts 2, usually opposite, basally sheathed; sheath broad, membranous. Flowers terminal, solitary, actinomorphic, bisexual. Sepals 5, petaloid. Petals 5, yellow, much shorter than sepals, basally pouchlike. Stamens numerous; filaments filiform, sometimes basally slightly dilated; anthers yellow, ellipsoid. Pistils 5--(8) ; ovary 2 × as long as style; ovules many, in 2 series. Follicles erect or slightly spreading, surface conspicuously striate-reticulate; persistent styles ca. 3 × shorter than follicle. Seeds smooth or densely rugose.[17] [more]
Paropyrum
Paroxygraphis
Peltocalathos
Phledinium
Phylliopsis
Pityrosperma
Plectrornis
Populago
Preonanthus
Psychrophila
Pulsatilla
The genus Pulsatilla contains about 33 species of herbaceous perennials native to meadows and prairies of North America, Europe, and Asia. Common names include pasque flower (or pasqueflower), wind flower, prairie crocus, Easter Flower, and meadow anemone. Several species are valued ornamentals because of their finely-dissected leaves, solitary bell-shaped flowers, and plumed seed heads. The showy part of the flower consists of sepals, not petals. [more]
Pygmea
Rabdosia
Raffenaldia
Ranula
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Ranunculastrum
Ranunculus
Ranunculus () is a large genus of about 600 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae. Members of the genus include the buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots and the lesser celandine. [more]
Regelia
Regelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. This genus is composed of six species of small leaved, evergreen shrubs and trees that are endemic to Australia. Five of the six species are endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The sixth species that has been assigned to this genus (R. punicea) is endemic to Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory and is now considered to belong to a new separate genus, Petraeomyrtus. Regelia species range from 1 to 6 meters in height. They are noted for bearing essential oils. Typically showy blooms are aggregate inflorescences which take the form of heads or spikes depending upon the species. Fruits are a woody, 3-valved capsule which often split upon maturity. [more]
Rhodanthemum
Rhopalopodium
Schimlinia
Schlagintweitiella
Semiaquilegia
Herbs perennial. Roots tuberous. Leaves basal and cauline, 1-ternately compound. Inflorescences monochasial straight or scorpioid cymes; bracts small, 3-parted or undivided. Flowers actinomorphic. Sepals 5, petaloid. Petals 5, basally gibbous. Stamens 8--14; filaments filiform, basally slightly thickened; anthers yellow, broadly ellipsoid. Staminodes ca. 2, as long as filaments. Pistils 3 or (4 or) 5. Style ca. 1/6--1/5 as long as ovary. Follicles widely divergent, glabrous, apically with a small beak. Seeds brown to black-brown, densely rugose.[18] [more]
Shibateranthis
Sophronitella
Souliea
Herbs perennial. Rhizome robust. Stems with membranous scales at base. Leaves petiolate, 2 or 3 × ternately sect. Inflorescence racemose. Flowers actinomorphic. Sepals 5, petaloid, white, obovate or obovate-elliptic. Petals 5, flabellate-obovate, denticulate. Stamens numerous; filaments narrowly linear; anthers broadly ellipsoid. Follicles 1--3, broadly linear, shortly stalked, reticulate; persistent style short. Seeds many, black, narrowly ovoid-globose.[19] [more]
Sycoparrotia
Tamuria
Thalictrella
Thalictrodes
Thalictrum
Thalictrum is a genus of 120-200 species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the buttercup family native mostly to temperate regions. [more]
Thora
Thora or Tora is a Scandinavian female name (from Old Norse ??ra), and might refer to: [more]
Trautvetteria
Herbs, perennial, from short, slender rhizomes. Leaves basal and cauline, simple, proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves sessile; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf blade palmately 5-11-lobed; segments broadly cuneate, margins lacerate to serrate. Inflorescences terminal, ±many-flowered corymbs, 2.5-43 cm; bracts inconspicuous, linear-lanceolate, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 3-5(-7), greenish white, concave-cupped, broadly ovate to obovate, clawed, 3-6 mm; petals absent; stamens ca. 50-100; outer filaments 15-20, spatulate, often distally wider than anthers, inner filaments not dilated; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils ca. 15, simple; ovule 1 per pistil; style present. Fruits utricles, aggregate, sessile, ellipsoid to obovoid, 4-angled in cross section, sides prominently veined; beak terminal, curved to hooked, 0.4-0.8 mm. x =8.[20] [more]
Tripterium
Tritonia
Tritonia refers to a genus. The name derives from the god Triton. It may refer to: [more]
Trollius
Trollius is a genus of about 30 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae, closely related to Ranunculus. The common name is globeflower or globe flower. They are native to the cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the greatest diversity of species in Asia, and usually grow in heavy, wet clay soils. [more]
Urophysa
Herbs perennial. Rhizomes robust, ± woody. Leaves basal, palmately 3-foliolate, long petiolate; petiole basally sheathed. Scapes usually several. Inflorescences umbellate, 1--3-flowered. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual. Sepals 5, petaloid. Petals 5, base saccate to shortly clawed. Stamens numerous, glabrous; filaments linear-filiform, 1-veined; anthers ellipsoid. Staminodes ca. 7, inserted between stamens and pistils, membranous. Pistils 5(--8) ; ovary ca. 1/2 as long as style; ovules many. Styles persistent. Follicles ovoid, swollen. Seeds densely rugose.[21] [more]
Viorna
Warnera
Xanthorhiza
The Yellowroot (Xanthorhiza simplicissima, syn. X. apiifolia) is the only member of the genus Xanthorhiza, and one of very few genera in the family Ranunculaceae with a woody stem (the other notable example being Clematis). It is native to the eastern United States from Maine south to northern Florida and west to Ohio and eastern Texas. [more]
Xanthorrhiza
Xerodera
Zanthorhiza
More info about the Genus Zanthorhiza may be found here.
Bibliography
- Drummond, J. R. and J. Hutchinson. 1920. A revision of Isopyrum (Ranunculaceae) and its nearer allies. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920: 145-169.
- Ewan, J. 1945. A synopsis of the North American species of Delphinium. Univ. Colorado Stud., Ser. D, Phys. Sci. 2: 55-244.
- Lewis, H. and C. Epling. 1954. A taxonomic study of Californian delphiniums. Brittonia 8: 1-22.
- Mitchell, R. S. and J. K. Dean. 1982. Ranunculaceae (Crowfoot Family) of New York State. Bull. New York State Mus. Sci. Serv. 446.
- Tamura, M. and L. A. Lauener. 1968. A revision of Isopyrum, Dichocarpum and their allies. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 28: 267-273.
- Taylor, R. J. 1960. The genus Delphinium in Wyoming. Univ. Wyoming Publ. 24: 9-21.
- Warnock, M. J. 1993. Delphinium. In: J. C. Hickman, ed. 1993. The Jepson Manual. Higher Plants of California. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London. Pp. 916-922.
- Warnock, M. J. 1995. A taxonomic conspectus of North American Delphinium. Phytologia 78(2): 73-101.
- Zohary, M. 1983. The genus Nigella (Ranunculaceae)--A taxonomic revision. Pl. Syst. Evol. 142: 71-107.
Footnotes
- Wencai Wang, Dezhi Fu, Liang-Qian Li, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, Bryan E. Dutton, Michael G. Gilbert, Yuichi Kadota, Orbélia R. Robinson, Michio Tamura, Michael J. Warnock, Guanghua Zhu & Svetlana N. Ziman "Ranunculaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 133. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Anemoclema". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 328. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Asteropyrum". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 274. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Li Liangqian, Michio Tamura "Calathodes". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 137. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Callianthemum". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 387. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Sheh Meng-lan, Mark F. Watson "Cortiella". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 153. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Michael J. Warnock "Delphinium". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Dichocarpum". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 302. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bruce A. Ford "Enemion". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Wang Wencai, Michio Tamura "Halerpestes". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 435. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=112819
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Kingdonia". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 387. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Leptopyrum". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 276. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Metanemone". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 333. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bruce A. Ford "Nigella". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Wang Wencai, Michio Tamura, Michael G. Gilbert "Oxygraphis". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 434. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Paraquilegia". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 276. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Semiaquilegia". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 281. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Li Liangqian, Michio Tamura "Souliea". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 143. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bruce D. Parfitt "Trautvetteria". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Fu Dezhi, Orbélia R. Robinson "Urophysa". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 277. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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