Overview
Taxonomy
The Tribe Phrynieae is a member of the Subfamily Crotonoideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Phrynieae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Zingiberanae
Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order: Zingiberales
Grisebach, 1854
- Family: Marantaceae
(ka-LAY-thee-uh)
R. Br., in Flinders, 1814, nom. cons.
- Subfamily: Crotonoideae
- Tribe: Phrynieae
- Subfamily: Crotonoideae
- Family: Marantaceae
(ka-LAY-thee-uh)
R. Br., in Flinders, 1814, nom. cons.
- Order: Zingiberales
Grisebach, 1854
- Superorder: Zingiberanae
Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
The Tribe Phrynieae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (15): Afrocalathea · Calathea · Cominsia · Donax · Halopegia · Hypselodelphys · Marantochloa · Monophrynium · Phacelophrynium · Phrynium · Sarcophrynium · Schumannianthus · Stachyphrynium · Thaumatococcus · Trachyphrynium
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 853 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Tribe Phrynieae.
Genera
Afrocalathea
Calathea
Calathea is a genus of plants belonging to the family Marantaceae. There are several dozen species in this genus. Native to the tropical Americas, many of the species are popular as pot plants due to their decorative leaves and, in some species, colorful inflorescences. They are commonly called calatheas or (like their relatives) prayer plants. Several cultivars, e.g. Calathea cv. 'Silver Plate', have been bred. [more]
Cominsia
Donax
Donax is a genus of small, edible saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks. The genus is sometimes known as "bean clams"; however, Donax species have various different common names in different parts of the world. [more]
Halopegia
Hypselodelphys
Marantochloa
Marantochloa is a genus of in family Marantaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]
Monophrynium
Phacelophrynium
Phrynium
Rhizomes creeping. Basal leaves 1 or more; cauline leaf 1 or absent; leaf sheath and petiole long. Inflorescences borne basally or above an elongate internode on leafy shoots, subtended by a cauline leaf or a reduced, bladeless sheath, compound, capitate, often with additional spikes borne in axils of basal bracts of initially produced spike and later additional ones in basal bracts of secondary spikes, often in a very compact, congested group of few to many small spikes; bracts spirally arranged, often shredding into fibers after anthesis, at least at apex. Flower pairs 2 to many per bract. Sepals usually longer than corolla tube, membranous. Corolla tube proximally solid, distally hollow; lobes 3, oblong, subequal. Outer staminodes 2, obovate, staminode tube longer than corolla tube; callose staminode wholly callose, not petaloid at apex. Style curved after tripping; stigma enlarged, blunted. Fruit globose to ellipsoid, dehiscent, often late dehiscent; pericarp hard. Seeds 1--3; aril membranous.[1] [more]
Sarcophrynium
Sarcophrynium is a genus of in family Marantaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]
Schumannianthus
Stachyphrynium
Rhizomes creeping. Basal leaves 1 or more; cauline leaves absent. Inflorescences borne terminally on leafy shoots or on separate, leafless shoots arising directly from rhizomes, spikelike, ellipsoid or spindle-shaped to subcylindric, usually laterally compressed; bracts distichous, usually herbaceous. Flower pairs 1--5 per bract. Sepals less than 1/2 as long as corolla tube, usually much shorter, membranous. Corolla proximally ± solid, distally hollow; lobes 3, oblong, subequal. Outer staminodes 2, obovate; callose staminode wholly callose, not petaloid at apex. Ovary often 2-loculed by abortion. Style cylindric, curved after tripping; stigma enlarged, blunted. Fruit ellipsoid, dehiscent. Seeds usually 2; aril reflexed, 2-lobed.[2] [more]
Thaumatococcus
Trachyphrynium
At least 12 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Trachyphrynium.
More info about the Genus Trachyphrynium may be found here.
Bibliography
- Wu Te-lin & Chen Sen-jen. 1981. Marantaceae. In: Wu Te-lin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 16(2): 158--169.
Footnotes
- Delin Wu & Helen Kennedy "Phrynium". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 379. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Stachyphrynium". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 381. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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