Overview
Taxonomy
The Subfamily Myrtoideae is a member of the Family Myrtaceae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Myrtoideae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class: Magnoliopsida Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
The Subfamily Myrtoideae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Tribe (6): Anemoneae · Delphinieae · Larini · Polemonieae · Sileneae · Trichocereeae
- Genus (20): Acca · Calycolpus · Calyptranthes · Campomanesia · Decaspermum · Eugenia · Gossia · Marlierea · Myrceugenia · Myrcia · Myrcianthes · Myrciaria · Myrtus · Pimenta · Plinia · Psidium · Rhodamnia · Rhodomyrtus · Syzygium · Xanthomyrtus
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 6,453 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Subfamily Myrtoideae.
Genera
Acca
Calycolpus
Calycolpus is a of the botanical family Myrtaceae, native to the Americas. [more]
Calyptranthes
Lidflower (Calyptranthes spp.) or Mountainbay is a large genus of flowering plants from the family Myrtaceae. [more]
Campomanesia
Campomanesia is a of the botanical family Myrtaceae. [more]
Decaspermum
Shrubs or trees. Branchlets terete or 4-angled, glabrous or pubescent. Stipules small, filiform, caducous. Leaves opposite, petiolate; leaf blade punctate, pinnately veined, with intramarginal veins. Inflorescences axillary and 1-3-flowered dichasia, racemes, or thyrses, sometimes terminal and paniculate. Flowers bisexual or sometimes staminate, 3-5-merous, often fragrant; bracteoles often small, sometimes caducous. Hypanthium globose, urceolate, or obconiform. Calyx lobes sometimes subequal, persistent. Petals pink or white, punctate. Stamens numerous, in several series; filaments filiform; anthers globular, dorsifixed, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; connectives usually terminating in an apical gland. Ovary 3-13-loculed, placentation axile; ovules 1-2[-4] per locule, collateral. Style filiform; stigma capitate or peltate. Fruit a berry, globular, vertically ribbed, usually 1- or 2-seeded per locule. Seeds separated by a vertical false septum; seed coat and pericarp separate; testa bony; embryo horseshoe-shaped; radicle long; cotyledons short.[1] [more]
Eugenia
Eugenia is a genus of flowering plants, belonging to the myrtle family Myrtaceae. It has a worldwide, although highly uneven, distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. The bulk of the approximately 1,000 species occur in the New World tropics, especially in the northern Andes, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Forest (coastal forests) of eastern Brazil. Other centers of diversity include New Caledonia and Madagascar. Many species new to science have been and are in the process of being described from these regions. For example, 35 new species of Eugenia recently were described from MesoAmerica. Remarkably, only a single species, E. reinwardtiana, is known from Australia, which otherwise is one of the great centers of richness for the family overall. The genus also is represented in Africa south of the Sahara, but it is relatively species-poor on that continent. In the past some botanists included the closely related Old World genus Syzygium in Eugenia, but research by Schmid in the early 1970s convinced most botanists that the genera are easily separable. Research by van Wyk and colleagues in South Africa has suggested the genus may be comprised of two distinct lineages, recognizable by anatomical and other features. [more]
Gossia
Marlierea
Marlierea is a of the botanical family Myrtaceae. [more]
Myrceugenia
Myrceugenia is a of evergreen woody flowering trees and shrubs belonging to the Myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The genus is native to South America from southeast Brazil south to southern Chile; it is closely related to the genus Luma; some botanists include Myrceugenia in that genus. [more]
Myrcia
Myrcia is a of the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. [more]
Myrcianthes
Myrcianthes is a genus of in family Myrtaceae. [more]
Myrciaria
Myrciaria is a genus of large shrubs and small native to South America, especially Brazil. Common names include Jaboticaba, Jabuticaba, Guaperu, Guapuru, Hivapuru, Sabará, and Ybapuru. [more]
Myrtus
The Myrtle (Myrtus) is a genus of one or two species of in the family Myrtaceae, native to southern Europe and north Africa. They are evergreen shrubs or small trees, growing to 5 m tall. The leaves are entire, 3-5 cm long, with a fragrant essential oil. The star-like flowers have five petals and sepals, and numerous stamens. Petals are usually white. The fruits are globose blue-black berries containing several seeds. The flowers are pollinated by insects, and the seeds dispersed by birds that feed on the berries. [more]
Pimenta
Pimenta is a of the botanical family Myrtaceae. Well-known species include allspice (P. dioicia) and the West Indian bay tree (P. racemosa). [more]
Plinia
Plinia is a of the botanical family Myrtaceae. [more]
Psidium
Guavas are plants in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae) genus Psidium (meaning "pomegranate" in Latin), which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. They are native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. Guavas are now cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics and subtropics in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, subtropical regions of North America, and Australia. [more]
Rhodamnia
Shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, petiolate; leaf blade tri- or tripliveined, abaxially usually white glaucous or tomentose. Flowers small, clustered in leaf axils or arranged in cymes or racemes. Bracteoles small, caducous. Hypanthium subglobose, adnate to ovary. Calyx lobes 4, persistent. Petals 4, larger than calyx lobes. Stamens numerous, arranged in many whorls, curved in bud; anthers dorsifixed, versatile, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary inferior, 1-loculed, with 2 parietal placentation; ovules many. Style linear; stigma peltate. Berry globose, apex with persistent calyx lobes. Seeds globose or depressed globose; seed coat hard; embryo horseshoe-shaped; hypocotyl long; cotyledon short.[2] [more]
Rhodomyrtus
Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite, tripliveined, petiolate. Inflorescences axillary, 1[-3]-flowered. Hypanthium ovoid to subglobose. Calyx lobes 4 to 5, leathery, persistent. Petals 4 or 5, larger than calyx lobes. Stamens many, separate, in many whorls, usually shorter than petals; anthers dorsifixed to nearly basifixed, versatile, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary inferior, adnate to hypanthium, 3(or 4) -loculed; ovules arranged in 2 lines in each locule. Style linear; stigma capitate or peltate. Berry ovoid, urceolate, or globose. Seeds many, flat, reniform, separated by longitudinal septa and a false transverse septum; seed coat hard; embryo curved or spiral; hypocotyl long; cotyledons small.[3] [more]
Syzygium
Syzygium is a genus of flowering plants, belonging to the myrtle family Myrtaceae. The genus comprises about 500 species, and occurs in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World. It is closely related to the mainly New World genus Eugenia; some botanists include Syzygium in Eugenia. [more]
Xanthomyrtus
Xanthomyrtus is a of about 24 species in the botanical family Myrtaceae. It is found in Borneo, Moluccas, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and New Caledonia. They are mostly montane shrubs or trees, sometimes epiphytic. Flowers are yellow, usually 5-merous, in 3-flowered, axillary and terminal peduncles. The fruit is a reddish, dark blue or black berry. [more]
At least 34 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Xanthomyrtus.
More info about the Genus Xanthomyrtus may be found here.
Bibliography
- Chang Hung-ta & Miau Ru-hwai. 1984. Myrtaceae. In: Chen Chieh, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 53(1): 28-135.
Footnotes
- Jie Chen & Lyn A. Craven "Decaspermum". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 321, 332. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Rhodamnia". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 321, 330. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Rhodomyrtus". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 321, 330. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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