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Irideae

(Tribe)

Overview

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Irideae is a tribe included in the well-known Iridaceae family. It contains many species in five genera which are wildly distributed in the Old World. A member of the tribe is the best-known genus from the family - Iris from which it takes its name. Iris is the larger genus in the tribe.

The blooms which are often with scent and collected in inflorescence has six petals. They are identical only in the genus Ferraria. The ovary is 3-locular and contains seeds which are usually circular and pellet-like. The members has the typical sword-shaped leaves and the rootstock is usually rhizome or corm. Only two subgenera of Iris has bulb. These are and Hermodactyloides.

Many of the species are popular ornamental plants but also many are threatened with extinction.

List of genera:

Taxonomy

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The Tribe Irideae is a member of the Subfamily Iridoideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Irideae:

The Tribe Irideae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Abelia

A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Abies

Firs (Abies) are a genus of 48?55 species of evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. They are found through much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa, occurring in mountains over most of the range. Firs are most closely related to the cedars (Cedrus); Douglas-firs are not true firs, being of the genus Pseudotsuga. [more]

Acradenia

Acradenia is a genus of trees comprising two species from Australia: [more]

Aegilotriticum

[more]

Anacampseros

Anacampseros is a genus consisting of a number of species of small perennial succulent plants, native to South Africa. The botanical name Anacampseros is an ancient one for herbs supposed to restore lost love. The plants form clumping and bosal rosettes of smooth or hairy flesh succulent leaves in dense mats, developing a small caudex as they age, with white filamentous hairs along the stems. Leaves are lance-shaped or almost round; the more exposure to light, the more vivid the leaf-colors. [more]

Araiostegia

Araiostegia is a genus of twelve epiphytic or terrestrial ferns from tropical Asia belonging to the hares-foot fern family. It has finely pinnate thinly textured fronds arising from long scaly stalks jointed to creeping rhizomes. [more]

Asarum

Asarum (?-sa-rum) is a genus of plants in the birthwort family Aristolochiaceae, commonly known as Wild ginger. [more]

Asparagus

Asparagus officinalis is a spring vegetable, a flowering perennial plant species in the genus Asparagus. It was once classified in the lily family, like its Allium cousins, onions and garlic, but the Liliaceae have been split and the onion-like plants are now in the family Amaryllidaceae and asparagus in the Asparagaceae. Asparagus officinalis is native to most of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated as a vegetable crop. [more]

Asphodelus

Asphodelus is a genus of mainly perennial plants native to western, central and southern Europe, but now spread worldwide. Asphodels are popular garden plants, which grow in well-drained soils with abundant natural light. Now placed in the family Xanthorrhoeaceae, subfamily Asphodeloideae, like many lilioid monocots, the genus was formerly placed in the lily family (Liliaceae). [more]

Atropa

Atropa (?-tro-pa) is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Its best-known member is the Deadly Nightshade (A. belladonna). Its pharmacologically active ingredients include atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine, all tropane alkaloids. The genus is named after ?t??p?? (Atropos) of the Three Fates, the one which cut the life thread. [more]

Azorella

Azorella is a genus of about 70 species of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae, native to South America, New Zealand and the islands of the Southern Ocean. The genus is sometimes placed in family Apiaceae. [more]

Belamcanda

Iris domestica (Blackberry lily, Leopard flower, Leopard lily; syn. Belamcanda chinensis, Belamcanda punctata Moench, Gemmingia chinensis (L.) Kuntze, Iris chinensis Curtis, Ixia chinensis L., Morea chinensis, Pardanthus chinensis (L.) Ker Gawl.) is an ornamental plant in the Iridaceae family. In 2005, based on molecular DNA sequence evidence, Belamcanda chinensis, the sole species in the genus Belamcanda, was transferred to the genus Iris and renamed Iris domestica. [more]

Bergenia

Bergenia is a genus of ten species of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae, native to central Asia, from Afghanistan to China and the Himalaya. They are evergreen perennial plants with a spirally arranged rosette of leaves 6-35 cm long and 4-15 cm broad, and pink flowers produced in a cyme. [more]

Cephalophyllum

Cephalophyllum is a genus of in family Aizoaceae. [more]

Chamelaucium

Chamelaucium, also known as waxflower, is a genus of shrubs endemic to south western Western Australia. They belong to the myrtle family Myrtaceae and have flowers similar to those of the tea-trees (Leptospermum). The most well-known species is the Geraldton Wax, Chamelaucium uncinatum, which is cultivated widely for its large attractive flowers. [more]

Cheiridopsis

[more]

Conophytum

[more]

Cornus

[more]

Cymbalaria

Cymbalaria is a genus of about 10 species of perennial plants previously treated in the family Scrophulariaceae, but recently shown by genetic research to be in the much enlarged family Plantaginaceae. [more]

Davallia

Davallia (deersfoot fern, hare's foot fern) is a genus of about 40 species of ferns in the family Davalliaceae. They are epiphytic ferns, with fronds arising from long aerial rhizomes which grow on and over thick bark on trees or on rock crevices. [more]

Dietes

Dietes is a genus of rhizomatous plants of the family Iridaceae. Common names include Fortnight lily, African iris, Morea or Moraea iris, Japanese iris and Butterfly iris, each of which may be used differently in different regions for one or more of the four species within the genus. [more]

Dipteris

[more]

Dugaldia

[more]

Dulichium

Herbs, perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous. Culms terete. Leaves cauline; ligules present; proximal leaves bladeless, distal with well-developed blades, flat. Inflorescences axillary, spicate, with 3-10 spikelets per spike; primary bracts leaflike, each subtending spike. Spikelets: scales 4-8, distichously arranged, each subtending flower. Flowers bisexual; perianth of 6-9 retrorsely barbed bristles, slightly longer than achene; stamens 3; styles 2-fid, base persistent, linear. Achenes biconvex. x = 16.[1] [more]

Ferraria

Ferraria is a genus of 11 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and southern Africa. They are herbaceous corm-bearing plants growing to 30?45 cm tall. Some species have an unpleasant scent similar to rotting meat and are pollinated by flies, while others have a pleasant scent. The genus name is a tribute to 15th century artist Giovanni Ferrari. [more]

Galanthus

Galanthus (Snowdrop; Greek g?la "milk", ?nthos "flower") is a small genus of about 20 species of bulbous herbaceous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. Most flower in winter, before the vernal equinox (20 or 21 March in the Northern Hemisphere), but certain species flower in early spring and late autumn. [more]

Galaxia

Galaxia can refer to: [more]

Gasteria

Gasteria is a of succulent plants native to South Africa. Closely-related genera include Aloe and Haworthia. The genus is named for its stomach-shaped flowers and is part of an expanded Asphodelaceae family. [more]

Gmelina

Gmelina is a genus of plant in family Verbenaceae (or Lamiaceae). It was named in honour of botanist Johann Friedrich Gmelin. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Gordlinia

Grafia

[more]

Gynandriris

[more]

Heliamphora

The genus Heliamphora ( or /hi?li'?mf?r?/; Greek: helos "marsh" and amphoreus "amphora") contains 23 species of pitcher plants endemic to South America. The species are collectively known as sun pitchers, based on the mistaken notion that the heli of Heliamphora is from the Greek helios, meaning "sun". In fact, the name derives from helos, meaning marsh, so a more accurate translation of their scientific name would be marsh pitcher plants. Species in the genus Heliamphora are carnivorous plants that consist of a modified leaf form that is fused into a tubular shape. They have evolved mechanisms to avoid completely filling up with water and attract, trap, and kill insects. At least one species (H. tatei) produces its own proteolytic enzymes that allows it to digest its prey without the help of symbiotic bacteria. [more]

Herminium

Herminium is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Heuchera

The genus Heuchera () includes at least 50 species of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Saxifragaceae, all native to North America. Common names include alumroot and coral bells. They have palmately lobed leaves on long petioles, and a thick, woody rootstock. The genus was named after Johann Heinrich von Heucher (1677?1746), an 18th century German physician. [more]

Hexaglottis

[more]

Homeria

Homeria, commonly known as Cape tulips, is a genus of the botanical family Iridaceae, which has 32 species of corm-bearing perennial herbs. In addition, these plants are used as ornamental plants. In the early 19th century, this genus was recognized as a single species of tulip, Tulipa breyniana[1]. Currently, this genus is considered a synonym of Moraea. [more]

Hosta

Hosta (, syn.: Funkia) is a genus of about 23?45 species of lily-like plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae, native to northeast Asia. They have been placed in their own family, Hostaceae (or Funkiaceae); like many 'lilioid monocots', they were once classified in the Liliaceae. The scientific name is also used as the common name; in the past they were also sometimes called the Corfu Lily, the Day Lily, or the Plantain lily, but these terms are now obsolete. The name Hosta is in honor of the Austrian botanist Nicholas Thomas Host. The Japanese name Giboshi is also used in English to a small extent. The rejected generic name Funkia, also used as a common name, can be found in some older literature. [more]

Hylandia

Hylandia is a of plants under the family Euphorbiaceae. [more]

Iris

Iris has three main meanings, related by their derivation from the Greek word for rainbow: [more]

Isodon

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[2] [more]

Itea

There are things that have the name Itea (Greek ιτέα, for willow): [more]

Juniperus

Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus () of the cypress family Cupressaceae. Depending on taxonomic viewpoint, there are between 50-67 species of juniper, widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, from the Arctic, south to tropical Africa in the Old World, and to the mountains of Central America. [more]

Kalmiothamnus

[more]

Kniphofia

Kniphofia (), also called Tritoma, Red hot poker, Torch lily or Poker plant, is a genus of plants in the family Xanthorrhoeaceae, subfamily Asphodeloideae, that includes 70 or more species native to Africa. Some species have been commercially used horticulturally and are commonly known for their bright, rocket-shaped flowers. [more]

Lampranthus

Lampranthus is a genus of plants in the family . One of the species in this genus is L. roseus, the mini ice plant. Other species in this genus include L, haworthii and L. aberdeen. All Lampranthus species flower between June and August with flower colors including red, orange, peach, yellow and light pink through to magenta and purple. [more]

Leucadendron

Leucadendron is a genus of about 80 species of in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa, where they are a prominent part of the fynbos vegetation. [more]

Lobivia

Echinopsis is a large genus of cacti native to South America, sometimes known as hedgehog cacti, sea-urchin cactus or Easter lily cactus. One small species, E. chamaecereus, is known as the peanut cactus. The 128 species range from large and treelike types to small globose cacti. The name derives from echinos hedgehog or sea urchin, and opsis appearance, a reference to these plants' dense coverings of spines. [more]

Magnolia

Magnolia is a large genus of about 210 flowering plant species in the subfamily Magnolioideae of the family Magnoliaceae. It is named after French botanist Pierre Magnol. [more]

Mahonia

Mahonia is a genus of about 70 species of evergreen shrubs in the family Berberidaceae, native to eastern Asia, the Himalaya, North America and Central America. They are closely related to the genus Berberis. Botanists disagree on the acceptability of the genus name Mahonia. Several authorities argue plants in this genus should be included in the genus Berberis because several species in both genera are able to hybridize, and because when the two genera are looked at as a whole, there is no definite morphological separation. Mahonia typically have large, pinnate leaves 10?50 cm long with 5-15 leaflets, and flowers in racemes (5?20 cm long). [more]

Meehania

Herbs annual or perennial, stoloniferous. Stems erect, nodes hairy, base sometimes woody. Leaves cordate-ovate to lanceolate, papery, margin dentate. Verticillasters few flowered, lax, in terminal or sometimes axillary racemes, sometimes 2-flowered; floral leaves leaflike, lanceolate, gradually reduced upward; bracteoles 2, small, subulate or nearly bristly. Calyx campanulate or tubular-campanulate, hairy, glabrous inside, 15-veined, dilated in fruit, 2-lipped; teeth ovate-triangular to lanceolate, 3 in upper lip, 2 in abaxial. Corolla purplish to purple, tubular, base narrower, gradually dilated to throat, not hairy annulate inside, 2-lipped; upper lip shorter, straight, apex emarginate or 2-lobed; lower lip long, 3-lobed, with middle lobe larger. Stamens 4, didynamous, included or posterior 2 slightly exserted, sometimes slightly complanate; anther cells 2, puberulent. Style slender, exserted, apex equally 2-cleft. Nutlets oblong to oblong-ovoid, glabrous.[3] [more]

Melasphaerula

[more]

Menonvillea

[more]

Metanarthecium

[more]

Moraea

Moraea is a genus of plant in family Iridaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Morisia

[more]

Myosotidium

Myosotidium is a genus of plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. This genus is represented by the single species Myosotidium hortensia, the Chatham Islands forget-me-not, which is endemic to the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. [more]

Neobuxbaumia

Neobuxbaumia is a of cacti. [more]

Nidularium

Nidularium is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. Named to describe the nestling characteristic of the inflorescence (Lat. nidulus = little nest), they are endemic to Brazil. Commonly confused with Neoregelia which they resemble, this plant group was first described in 1854. [more]

Nierembergia

Nierembergia (), common name Cupflower, is a genus of plants in the Nightshade family. It is named after the Spanish Jesuit and mystic Juan Eusebio Nieremberg (1595-1658). [more]

Norantea

[more]

Oreocereus

Oreocereus is a of cacti (family Cactaceae), known only from high altitudes of the Andes. Its name was formed from Greek and means "mountain cereus". [more]

Pachysandra

Pachysandra () is a genus of four or five species of evergreen groundcovers or subshrubs, belonging to the Boxwood Family, Buxaceae. The species are native to eastern Asia and southeast North America, some reaching a height of 20-45 cm, with only weakly woody stems. The leaves are alternate, leathery, with an entire to coarsely toothed margin, and range from 5-10 cm long. The name is derived from Pachys (thick) + andros (male) which is a reference to the thick stamens, the male portion of the flower. [more]

Pavonia

Pavonia may refer to: [more]

Photinia

Photinia () is a genus of about 40?60 species of small trees and large shrubs in the Rosaceae family. As interpreted here, the natural range of these species is restricted to warm temperate Asia, from the Himalaya east to Japan and south to India and Thailand. They have, however, been widely cultivated throughout the world as ornamentals for their white flowers and red fruits. [more]

Physochlaina

Herbs perennial. Roots stout, fleshy; rhizomes thick, short. Stems erect, much branched. Leaves petiolate; leaf blade membranous, entire and sinuate or with a few deltate teeth. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, usually many flowered, paniculate or umbellate, usually pedunculate, rarely subsessile, mostly bracteate. Flowers actinomorphic, 5-merous. Calyx tubular-campanulate, funnelform, or tubular-urceolate. Corolla campanulate or funnelform, basally contracted cylindric, slightly oblique at limb, lobes overlapping in bud, subequal. Stamens inserted in corolla tube, mostly exserted; anthers ovate, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc fleshy, ringlike, surrounding base of ovary. Ovary 2-locular. Style mostly exserted; stigma indistinctly 2-lobed. Fruiting calyx membranous or subleathery, enveloping capsule, with 10 longitudinal ribs and obvious netted veins, mostly open. Fruit a circumscissile, oblong or globose capsule, dehiscent slightly above middle. Seeds numerous, reniform, minutely pitted; embryo coiled.[4] [more]

Pleioblastus

Pleioblastus is a genus of monopodial bamboo. Genetic research indicates that this genus may properly be part of the genus Arundinaria. [more]

Pogonatherum

Perennials, densely tufted. Culms slender, branching, drooping or trailing, several- to many-noded. Leaf blades linear or linear-lanceolate, lower blades deciduous; ligule a membranous ciliate rim. Inflorescence a single raceme borne on a flexuous peduncle, racemes many, terminating the culm branches; raceme fragile, sessile and pedicelled spikelets of a pair similar, both fertile; rachis internodes and pedicels shorter than spikelets, linear with expanded apex, ciliate. Sessile spikelet oblong, laterally compressed; callus obtuse, bearded with long silky hairs; glumes subequal, membranous or thinly cartilaginous; lower glume strongly convex, 3-5-veined, apex truncate, 2-3-lobed, ciliate; upper glume slightly longer than lower glume, strongly keeled, apex 2-toothed, a long, fine, flexuous awn from sinus; lower floret male with palea or reduced to a hyaline lemma or absent; upper lemma oblong, hyaline, 2-lobed for 1/3-1/2 its length, awned; awn long, very slender, geniculate near base; upper palea subequal to lemma. Stamens 1-2. Pedicelled spikelet often smaller, lacking a lower floret, upper floret bisexual or female.[5] [more]

Pseudorhipsalis

Pseudorhipsalis is of cacti. This genus is often included in Disocactus. [more]

Pteridium

Bracken are several species of large, coarse ferns of the genus Pteridium. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells (eggs and sperm). Brackens are in the family Dennstaedtiaceae, which are noted for their large, highly divided leaves. They are commonly found on moorland. Brackens are cosmopolitan, being found on all continents except Antarctica and in all environments except deserts. The genus probably has the widest distribution of any fern genus in the world. [more]

Ptilotrichum

[more]

Ramonda

[more]

Rehderodendron

Rehderodendron is a genus of five species of flowering plants in the family Styracaceae, native to southeastern Asia, from southwestern China south to Myanmar and Vietnam. [more]

Rhodanthemum

[more]

Sasaella

Sasaella is a genus of bamboo. [more]

Schisandra

Schisandra (Magnolia Vine) is a genus of shrub commonly grown in gardens. It is a hardy deciduous climber which thrives in virtually any soil; its preferred position is on a sheltered shady wall. It may be propagated by taking cuttings of half-matured shoots in August. Species include S. chinensis, S. glaucescens, S. rubriflora and S. rubrifolia. [more]

Sedadia

[more]

Skimmia

Skimmia is a genus of four species of evergreen shrubs and small trees in the Rue family, Rutaceae, all native to warm temperate regions of Asia. The leaves are clustered at the ends of the shoots, simple, lanceolate, 6-21 cm long and 2-5 cm broad, with a smooth margin. The flowers are in dense panicle clusters, each flower small, 6-15 mm diameter, with 4-7 petals. The fruit is red to black, 6-12 mm diameter, a fleshy drupe containing a single seed. All parts of the plant have a pungent aroma when crushed. The botanical name, Skimmia, is a Latinization of shikimi (???, ?), which is the Japanese name for Illicium religiosum as well as an element in miyama shikimi (??????, ???), the Japanese name for Skimmia japonica. [more]

Syneilesis

[more]

Tapeinochilos

[more]

Tiarella

The Foamflowers (Tiarella) are a popular genus of wildflower and garden plants. They belong to the Saxifrage family (Saxifragaceae). Some species are: [more]

Tylecodon

Tylecodon is a genus of in family Crassulaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

At least 56 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Tylecodon.

More info about the Genus Tylecodon may be found here.

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. Joy Mastrogiuseppe "Dulichium". in Flora of North America Vol. 23 Page 6, 198, 199. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  2. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=113831
  3. "Meehania". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 122. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  4. "Physochlaina". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 307. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  5. Shou-liang Chen & Sylvia M. Phillips "Pogonatherum". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 571, 591. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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Last Revised: August 24, 2012
2012/08/24 13:50:26