Overview
The Dipsacales are an of flowering plants, included within the asterid group of dicotyledons.
Under the Cronquist system, the order included Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacaceae, and Valerianaceae. Under the more recent Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG II) system, the circumscription of the order is much the same but the families are circumscribed differently. APG includes Adoxaceae and a broadly circumscribed Caprifoliaceae, the latter including the alternatively acceptable families Diervillaceae, Dipsacaceae, Linnaeaceae, Morinaceae, and Valerianaceae.
Under the APG II definition some well-known members of Dipsacales are honeysuckle, elder, viburnum, and valerian.
A few other families may also belong near this order. These include the Columelliaceae, Paracryphiaceae, and Sphenostemonaceae.
Photos
Taxonomy
The Order Dipsacales is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Family (7): Caprifoliaceae · Diervillaceae · Dipsacaceae · Linnaeaceae · Morinaceae · Triplostegiaceae · Valerianaceae
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 5,522 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Order Dipsacales.
Families
Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a consisting of about 800 dicotyledonous flowering plants, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution; centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa. [more]
Diervillaceae
Dipsacaceae
The Dipsacaceae, or teasel family, of the order contains 350 species of perennial or biennial herbs and shrubs in eleven genera. Native to most temperate climates, they are found in Europe, Asia and Africa. Some species of this family have been naturalized in other places. [more]
Linnaeaceae
Morinaceae
Triplostegiaceae
Valerianaceae
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs. Leaves exstipulate, opposite or in basal rosettes. Inflorescence a dichasial cyme, often changing to monochasium, sometimes paniculate or capitate. Flowers usually small, zygomorphic, bisexual or unisexual by abortion. Calyx persistent, epigynous, rolled or unrolled in flower. Corolla tubular, salver - or funnel-shaped, usually gibbous at the base, 3-5-lobed. Stamens 1-4, epipetalous, alternating with the corolla lobes. Carpels 3, united; ovary uni- or tri-locular, with only one fertile locule; ovule pendulous, anatropous; style simple; stigma simple or 2-3-lobed. Fruit an achene, with a wing, an awn or pappose calyx.[1] [more]
At least 1,711 species and subspecies belong to the Family Valerianaceae.
More info about the Family Valerianaceae may be found here.
References
- Bell, C. D., E. J. Edwards, S. T. Kim, & M. J. Donoghue. 2001. Dipsacales phylogeny based on chloroplast DNA sequences. Harvard Papers in Botany 6:481-499.
- Donoghue, M. J., C. D. Bell, & R. C. Winkworth. 2003. The evolution of reproductive characters in Dipsacales. International Journal of Plant Sciences 164:S453-S464
Footnotes
- Yasin Nasir "Valerianaceae". in Flora of Pakistan Vol Page. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Thursday, August 13, 2009.
- Photographs on this page are copyrighted by individual photographers, and individual copyrights apply.
- The GMapImageCutter is used under license from the UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis.
- The technology underlying this page, including the Image Browser and controls behind Keep Exploring, is owned by the BayScience Foundation. All rights are reserved.