Overview
Dillenidae is a at the rank of subclass. Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used; the only requirement being that it includes the family Dilleniaceae. A well-known system that uses this name is the Cronquist system, and in the original 1981, version of the system the circumscription was:
- subclass Dilleniidae
Recent molecular systematic studies have shown that this group is polyphyletic. The APG II system does not use formal botanical names above the rank of order but assigns the plants involved to various orders in the asterids and rosids clades.
Photos
Taxonomy
The Subclass Dilleniidae is a member of the Class Magnoliopsida. Here is the complete "parentage" of Dilleniidae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Cronquist, Takhtajan & W. Zimmermann, 1966 - Flowering Plants
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Dilleniidae Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
Auct.
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Cronquist, Takhtajan & W. Zimmermann, 1966 - Flowering Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866
The Subclass Dilleniidae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Order (40): Actinidiales · Ancistrocladales · Batales · Begoniales · Bruniales · Capparales · Caricales · Cistales · Cucurbitales · Diapensiales · Dilleniales · Dioncophyllales · Droserales · Elaeocarpales · Elatinales · Ericales · Euphorbiales · Fouquieriales · Geissolomatales · Hypericales · Lecythidale s · Malvales · Medusagynales · Moringales · Myrsinales · Nepenthales · Ochnales · Paracryphiales · Passiflorales · Physenales · Primulales · Salicales · Sapotales · Sarraceniales · Styracales · Tamaricales · Theales · Thymelaeales · Urticales · Violales
Orders
Actinidiales
Ancistrocladales
Batales
Batales is a of an order of flowering plants. This name was used in several systems, sometimes in the spelling Batidales. Often this order consisted of the genus Batis only. In the 1981 version of the Cronquist system it was an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae with the following circumscription: [more]
Begoniales
Bruniales
Capparales
Capparales is a of an order of flowering plants. It was used in the Cronquist system for an order in subclass Dilleniidae and in the Kubitzki system, nowadays. In the 1981 version of this system it included : [more]
Caricales
Cistales
Cucurbitales
The Cucurbitales are an order of , included in the rosid group of dicotyledons. This order mostly belongs to tropical areas, with limited presence in subtropic and temperate regions. The order includes various shrubs and trees, together with many herbs and climbers. One of major characteristics of the Cucurbitales is the presence of unisexual flowers, mostly pentacyclic, with thick pointed petals (whenever present) (Matthews and Endress, 2004). The pollination is usually performed by insects, but wind pollination is also present (in Coriariaceae and Datiscaceae). [more]
Diapensiales
Diapensiaceae is a small family of , comprising 20 species in seven genera. [more]
Dilleniales
Dilleniales is the of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system, of 1981, recognized such order and placed it in subclass Dilleniidae. It used the following circumscription: [more]
Dioncophyllales
Droserales
Elaeocarpales
Elatinales
Ericales
The Ericales are a large and diverse order of , including for example tea, persimmon, blueberry, Brazil nut, and azalea. The order includes trees and bushes, lianas and herbaceous plants. Together with ordinary autophytic plants, the Ericales include chlorophyll-deficient myco-heterotrophic plants (e. g. Sarcodes sanguinea) and carnivorous plants (e. g. genus Sarracenia). [more]
Euphorbiales
Euphorbiales is the of an order of flowering plants. Such an order has been recognized by relatively few taxonomists. [more]
Fouquieriales
Geissolomatales
Hypericales
Lecythidales
Lecythidales is a at the rank of order. The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae. This order included only the family Lecythidaceae, which family now (in the APG II system) is placed in the order Ericales. [more]
Malvales
Malvales is the name of an of flowering plants. As circumscribed by APG II-system, it includes about 6000 species within nine families. The order is placed in the eurosids II, which are part of the eudicots. [more]
Medusagynales
Moringales
Myrsinales
Nepenthales
Nepenthales is a for an order of flowering plants. The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order in subclass Dilleniidae, which in the 1981 version of this system included: [more]
Ochnales
Paracryphiales
Passiflorales
Physenales
Primulales
Primulales is a of an order of flowering plants. This name was used in several systems with little variation in circumscription (see Bentham & Hooker, Engler and Wettstein system). In the 1981 version of the Cronquist system it was an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae with the following circumscription: [more]
Salicales
Salicaceae is a family of . Recent genetic studies by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) has greatly expanded the circumscription of the family to contain 57 genera. [more]
Sapotales
Sarraceniales
Styracales
Tamaricales
The Tamaricales are an order of . This order has been abandoned by the most recent systems, and the three families in the order have been distributed to other orders: [more]
Theales
Theales is a at the rank of order. The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae, in the 1981 version of the system the circumscription was: [more]
Thymelaeales
Thymelaeaceae is a cosmopolitan of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. [more]
Urticales
Urticales is a for what used to be an order of flowering plants. This order was recognized in many, perhaps even most, systems, with some variations in circumscription. Among these is the Cronquist system (1981), which placed the order in the subclass Hamamelidae [sic], as comprising : [more]
Violales
Violales is a of an order of flowering plants and takes its name from the included family Violaceae. The name has been used in several systems, although some systems used the name Parietales for similar groupings. In the 1981 version of the influential Cronquist system, order Violales was placed in subclass Dilleniidae with a circumscription consisting of the families listed below. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system does not recognize order Violales; Violaceae is placed in order Malpighiales and the other families are reassigned to various orders as indicated. [more]
At least 7,590 species and subspecies belong to the Order Violales.
More info about the Order Violales may be found here.
Sources
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