Overview
Taxonomy
The Tribe Cypereae is a member of the Subfamily Cyperoideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Cypereae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Juncanae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Order: Poales
Small, 1903
- Family: Cyperaceae
(sy-peer-AY-see-ee)
A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily: Cyperoideae
- Tribe: Cypereae
- Subfamily: Cyperoideae
- Family: Cyperaceae
(sy-peer-AY-see-ee)
A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Order: Poales
Small, 1903
- Superorder: Juncanae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses
Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
The Tribe Cypereae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (4): Cyperus · Isolepis · Kyllinga · Pycreus
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2,460 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in the Tribe Cypereae.
Genera
Cyperus
Cyperus is a large genus of about 600 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving water up to 0.5 m deep. The species vary greatly in size, with small species only 5 cm tall, while others can reach 5 m in height. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges and galingales. [more]
Isolepis
Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous or not, smooth, glabrous. Culms terete. Leaves all basal; sheaths green to stramineous, sometimes reddish proximally; ligules absent; blades rudimentary to exceeding culms. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes pseudolateral, capitate or solitary spikelet; spikelets 1-3(-15) ; involucral bracts 1(-2), spreading to erect, like foliage leaf blades. Spikelets: scales 8-25, spirally arranged, each subtending flower. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1-3; styles linear, 2-3-fid, base persistent, sometimes slightly enlarged. Achenes biconvex or trigonous, papillose or longitudinally ribbed.[1] [more]
Kyllinga
Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous or not. Culms solitary or not, trigonous. Leaves basal; ligules absent; blades flat or V-shaped in cross section. Inflorescences terminal, rarely pseudolateral, spikes 1-4, sessile, densely ovoid or cylindric; spikelets [15-]40-150 per spike, not readily distinguished by unaided eye; involucral bracts 2-4, spreading or erect, leaflike. Spikelets: scales 2(-3), distichous; proximal scale subtending bisexual flower; distal scale empty or subtending 1-2 stamens, often abortive. Flowers bisexual or staminate; perianth absent; stamens 1-3; styles linear, 2-fid, base persistent. Achenes biconvex, laterally compressed.[2] [more]
Pycreus
Cyperus is a large genus of about 600 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving water up to 0.5 m deep. The species vary greatly in size, with small species only 5 cm tall, while others can reach 5 m in height. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges and galingales. [more]
At least 230 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Pycreus.
More info about the Genus Pycreus may be found here.
Bibliography
- Delahoussaye, A. J. and J. W. Thieret. 1967. Cyperus subgenus Kyllinga (Cyperaceae) in the continental United States. Sida 3: 128-136.
- Muasya, A. M. 1998. Systematics of the Genus Isolepis R. Br. (Cyperaceae). Ph.D. thesis. University of Reading.
- Muasya, A. M. and D. A. Simpson. 2002. A monograph of the genus Isolepis R. Br. (Cyperaceae). Kew Bull. 57: 257-362.
- Muasya, A. M., D. A. Simpson, M. W. Chase, and A. Culham. 2001. A phylogeny of Isolepis (Cyperaceae) inferred using plastid rbcL and trnL-F sequence data. Syst. Bot. 26: 342-353.
- Padhye, M. D. 1971. Studies in the Cyperaceae. III. Life history of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. with a brief discussion on the taxonomic position of Kyllinga. Bot. Gaz. 132: 172-179.
- Tucker, G. C. 1984. A revision of the genus Kyllinga Rottb. (Cyperaceae) in Mexico and Central America. Rhodora 86: 507-538.
Footnotes
- S. Galen Smith "Isolepis". in Flora of North America Vol. 23 Page 8, 137, 138. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Gordon C. Tucker "Kyllinga". in Flora of North America Vol. 23 Page 7, 193, 195. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Sources
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