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Campanuleae

(Tribe)

Overview

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A Tribe in the Kingdom Plantae.

Photos

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Taxonomy

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The Tribe Campanuleae is a member of the Subfamily Campanuloideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Campanuleae:

The Tribe Campanuleae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Adenophora

Adenophora (Lilyleaf Ladybell) is a of flowering plant within the family Campanulaceae. Its prevalent common name is ladybells. Many of its species are quite similar to species of Campanula, from which they differ only through the presence of a tubular or glandular disc at the base of the style. Low foliage rosette, blue, bell-like flowers on stems, heat tolerant, July-Aug., height 24"-36", spread 12"-18". Use for border garden. Prefers well-drained soil. [more]

Campanula

Plants perennial or annual, erect trailing or decumbent, glabrous, pubescent, or hirsute. Leaves simple, alternate or forming rosettes at the base. Inflorescence 1-many flowered, with racemes or spikes. Flowers blue to purple or white. Sepals 5, with or without reflexed appendages between lobes; calyx tube adnate to the ovary, segments 5-lobed. Corolla campanulate, funnel-shaped or tubular. Stamens 5, free, filaments dilated at the base. Ovary 3-locular; style cylindrical; stigmas 3. Fruit a capsule, elongated to ovoid, obovoid or round, with membran¬ous walls; dehiscence by irregular pores at the bases or the sides. Seeds minute, numerous.[1] [more]

Campelia

[more]

Chamaecyparis

Trees (rarely shrubs). Branchlets terete or rhombic in cross section, in fan-shaped or pinnately flattened sprays. Leaves opposite in 4 ranks. Adult leaves usually appressed, lateral and facial pairs similar, closely overlapping, scalelike, free portion of long-shoot leaves to ca. 7 mm; abaxial glands present or absent, circular to linear. Pollen cones with 2--3 pairs of sporophylls, each sporophyll with 2--4 pollen sacs. Seed cones maturing and opening in 1--2 years, nearly globose, glaucous, 4--12 mm; scales persistent, 2--5(--6) pairs, valvate, peltate or basifixed, thick and woody, terminal pair often fused. Seeds 1--4 per cone scale, lenticular, equally 2-winged; cotyledons 2--3. x = 11.[2] [more]

Cryptomeria

Trees evergreen, monoecious; trunk straight; bark reddish brown to dark gray, fibrous, peeling off into long shreds; crown pyramidal or ovoid; branches ± whorled, horizontal or erect-spreading; winter buds small. Leaves persisting 4 or 5 years, spirally 5-ranked, spreading or directed forward, subulate, straight or incurved at apex, adaxial and abaxial surfaces convex, lateral surfaces slightly flattened, keeled, stomatal bands present on all 4 surfaces, base decurrent, apex acute. Pollen cones axillary toward apex of 2nd year branchlets, usually crowded into a short, terminal, sessile, oblong raceme, plum red turning yellow when mature; microsporophylls many, spirally arranged; pollen sacs (3 or) 4 or 5(or 6). Seed cones terminal, solitary or occasionally aggregated, nodding, sessile, ± globose, rosettelike and resembling opening buds, ripening in 1st year, persisting 1-2 years longer with branchlet growth often temporarily continuing through cone; bracts and cone scales connate; bracts borne on middle or proximal middle part of abaxial surface of cone scales, triangular, small; ovules 2-5 per bract axil; cone scales persistent, shield-shaped, cuneate, thickened distally, woody, umbo with a central spine and 4 or 5(-7) toothlike projections on distal margin; apical scales small and sterile. Seeds irregularly compressed-ellipsoid or -triangular-ellipsoid, very narrowly winged. Cotyledons (2 or) 3(or 4). Germination epigeal. 2n = 22*.[3] [more]

Dendroseris

Dendroseris is a genus of in the Asteraceae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Dodonaea

Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, sometimes with a glandular resinous exudate on leaves and inflorescences. Leaves simple or pinnate, estipulate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual and plants dioecious, actinomorphic, solitary and axillary or arranged in terminal and axillary racemes, corymbs or panicles. Sepals (3-) 5(-7), valvate or sometimes imbricate, deciduous when mature. Petals absent. Disk inconspicuous, absent in male flowers. Stamens (male flowers) 5-8; filaments short; anthers ellipsoid, obtusely 4-gonous, connectives prominent. Ovary (female flowers) ellipsoid, obcordiform, or transversely ellipsoid, 2- or 3(or 5 or 6) -gonous, 2- or 3(or 5 or 6) -loculed; ovules 2 per locule, one ascending, and one pendulous; style apical, much longer than ovary, often twisted, deciduous; stigma 2-6-lobed. Capsules samaralike, 2- or 3(-6) -loculed, septifragal, boatlike. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, obovoid, lenslike, or subglobose; testa crustaceous, arillode present or absent; hilum thick; embryo revolute, cotyledons linear. 2n = 28, 30, 32.[4] [more]

Dryopteris

Plants terrestrial, rarely on rock. Stems short-creeping to erect, stolons absent. Leaves monomorphic, green through winter or dying back in winter. Petiole ca. 1/4--2/3 blade length, bases swollen or not; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an arc, ± round in cross section. Blade deltate-ovate to lanceolate, 1--3-pinnate-pinnatifid, gradually reduced distally to pinnatifid apex, herbaceous to somewhat leathery. Pinnae not articulate to rachis, segment margins entire, crenate, or serrate, spinulose or not; proximal pinnae reduced (several pairs), same size as or enlarged relative to more distal pinnae, sessile to petiolulate, equilateral or often inequilateral with pinnules on basiscopic side longer than those on acroscopic side; costae adaxially grooved, grooves continuous from rachis to costae to costules; indument of linear to ovate scales abaxially, also sometimes with glands, blades ± glabrous adaxially. Veins free, forked. Sori in 1 row between margin and midrib, round; indusia round-reniform, attached at narrow sinus, persistent or caducous. Spores brownish, coarsely rugose or with folded wings. x = 41.[5] [more]

Erigeron

Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5-) 2-90(-100) cm (taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or rhizomatous and fibrous-rooted, sometimes with simple or branched caudices, sometimes stoloniferous) . Stems erect to ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, simple or branched, glabrous or hairy, sometimes glandular (hairs 2-seriate, minute, sometimes stipitate) . Leaves basal and/or cauline (basal persistent or not to flowering) ; alternate; sessile or petiolate; blades 1-nerved (3-nerved), linear to lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate (bases sometimes clasping), margins entire or ± dentate to pinnatifid, faces glabrous or hairy, sometimes glandular. Heads usually radiate, sometimes discoid or disciform (erect, nodding, or arching-pendent in bud), borne singly or in loose, corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 5-35 mm diam. Phyllaries 30-125(-150) in 2-5 series, 1- or 3-nerved (nerves golden-resinous; usually flat, rarely broadly keeled to convex), narrowly elliptic- to linear-lanceolate, unequal to equal, margins scarious or not, faces hairy or glabrous, sometimes glandular. Receptacles flat to conic, pitted, epaleate. Ray florets 0 or 12-350 in 1(-2+) series, pistillate, fertile; corollas usually white to bluish or purplish to pink, less commonly yellow (coiling from apices, reflexing at tube/lamina junction, or remaining ± straight and spreading) . Peripheral florets (disciform heads) 50-200 in 1-4 series, pistillate. Disc florets 25-450, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow (nerves orange-resinous), tubes shorter than usually tubular, sometimes strongly inflated and indurate throats, lobes 5, erect to spreading, deltate; style-branch appendages mostly deltate (papillate) . Cypselae (tan) oblong to oblong-obovoid, compressed to flattened, 2(-4) -nerved, or subterete, 5-14-nerved (sect. Wyomingia and some other species), faces glabrous or strigose or sericeous, eglandular; pappi persistent or readily falling, usually of outer setae or scales (0.1-0.4 mm), sometimes connate, plus 5-40(-50), stramineous, barbellate bristles, sometimes pappi only on ray or only on disc cypselae, or 0. x = 9.[6] [more]

Filipendula

Herbs perennial, rhizomatous. Rhizome short, oblique, here and there thickened into tubers, clothed with fibers. Stipules large or small, subcordate to ovate-lanceolate; leaf blade pinnate; leaflets pinnately or palmately lobed. Inflorescence corymbose-cymose or paniculate-cymose; central branch shortened and flowering first. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual (when plants dioecious) . Sepals 5, reflexed after flowering. Petals 5, imbricate, white, pink, or red, base clawed. Stamens 20€“40. Carpels 5€“15, inserted on plane or slightly elevated receptacle, free; ovules 1 or 2; style terminal; stigma capitate. Fruit an achene, free, compressed, crowned by base of style. Seed pendulous, terete, with very little endosperm. x = 7, 8.[7] [more]

Hemerocallis

Herbs, perennial, scapose, clump-forming, rhizomatous, from fibrous or fleshy contractile roots often enlarged at ends; rhizomes spreading. Leaves many, basal, sessile, 2-ranked, bases sheathing; blade long-linear, keeled, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 2, in terminal helicoid cyme, or solitary. Flowers mostly diurnal and ephemeral, slightly irregular, showy; tepals 6, connate basally into short, funnelform to campanulate tube, distinct parts imbricate, spreading, inner broader than outer; stamens 6, adnate to throat of perianth tube; filaments curved upward, distinct, unequal; anthers dorsifixed, 2-locular, linear-oblong, dehiscence introrse; ovary superior, green, 3-locular, conic, septal nectaries present; style curved upwards; stigma indistinctly 3-lobed or capitate. Fruits capsular, leathery, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds rarely produced (sterile) or many. x = 11.[8] [more]

Moehringia

Herbs, annual or perennial. Taproots slender, rhizomes slender or absent. Stems prostrate or ascending to erect, simple or branched, terete or angled. Leaves not connate, petiolate or sessile, not congested at or near base of flowering stem; blade 1-3(-7) -veined, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate to broadly ovate, not succulent, apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, open cymes, or flowers solitary; bracts paired and foliaceous, or smaller and mostly scarious. Pedicels erect or recurved in fruit. Flowers: perianth and androecium weakly perigynous; hypanthium minute, disc-shaped; sepals (4-) 5, distinct, green, ovate to obovate, 1.7-6 mm, herbaceous, margins white, scarious, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate, not hooded; petals (4-) 5, white, not clawed, blade apex entire; nectaries as fleshy lobes at base of filaments opposite sepals, ca. 3 times width of filament, connate proximally into basal disc; stamens 10, occasionally 8, arising from nectariferous disc; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 1.5-1.8 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, linear along adaxial surface of styles, minutely papillate (30×). Capsules broadly ovoid to subglobose, opening by 6 revolute teeth; carpophore absent. Seeds 2-6, reddish brown to blackish, ellipsoid to reniform, laterally compressed, shiny, smooth to minutely tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage white, ± elliptic, spongy. x = 12.[9] [more]

Muscari

Herbs perennial, scapose, from brown, tunicate, ovoid bulbs, with or without offsets (bulblets). Leaves (1-) 2-7, basal; blade linear, sometimes sulcate, glabrous, rather fleshy. Scape terete. Inflorescences terminally racemose, many-flowered, dense, bracteate, usually elongating in fruit; distal flowers smaller, sterile, differing in color, forming a tuft (coma) ; bracts minute. Flowers fragrant; perianth tubular to urceolate, usually constricted basally; tepals 6, connate most of their length, distal portions distinct, reflexed, short, toothlike; stamens 6, epitepalous, in 2 rows, included; anthers dark blue, dorsifixed, globose; ovary superior, green, 3-locular, inner sepal nectaries present; style 1; stigma 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, obtusely 3-angled, papery, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 6, black, globose, wrinkled to reticulate. x = 9.[10] [more]

Nicotiana

Herbs, shrubs, or small trees; pubescence of simple and glandular hairs. Leaves petiolate or sessile, entire or subentire. Inflorescences paniculate, racemose, or reduced to solitary flowers; peduncle mostly erect; bracts mostly present. Flowers sometimes showy, mostly fragrant, zygomorphic, 4- or 5-merous, pedicellate. Calyx regular or irregular, tubular or tubular-campanulate, lobed. Corolla tubular, funnelform, or salverform; tube lobed to subentire. Stamens inserted below middle of corolla tube; filaments slender; anthers dehiscing longitudinally. Disc ringlike, nectariferous. Ovary 2-locular. Stigma 2-lobed. Fruiting calyx persistent, slightly inflated, partially or completely enveloping fruit. Fruit a dry capsule dehiscing by apical valves. Seeds numerous, minute; embryo erect or slightly bent; cotyledons linear.[11] [more]

Osmanthus

Shrubs to small trees, evergreen. Leaves opposite, simple, petiolate; leaf blade entire or serrate, usually glandular dotted. Inflorescences cymose, fascicled in leaf axils or in very short and axillary or terminal panicles; bracts 2, united at base, usually ciliate. Flowers bisexual, usually becoming unisexual and plants dioecious or androdioecious. Calyx campanulate, 4-lobed. Corolla usually white or yellowish, campanulate, cylindric, or urceolate, lobed, parted, or divided almost to base; lobes 4, imbricate in bud. Stamens 2(-4), mostly attached to upper half of corolla tube; connective usually minutely mucronate, elongated, or projecting. Ovules 2 in each locule, pendulous. Stigma capitate or 2-cleft. Abortive pistil subulate or conical. Fruit a drupe; endocarp hard or bony; endosperm fleshy; radicle erect.[12] [more]

Sempervivum

Houseleeks or Liveforever (Sempervivum, pronounced ) are a of about 40 species of succulent plants of the Crassulaceae family which grow in rosettes. Another name used for some species (and also for some plants in other related genera) is Hen and chicks. [more]

At least 1,430 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Sempervivum.

More info about the Genus Sempervivum may be found here.

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. E. Nasir "Campanula". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  2. David C. Michener "Chamaecyparis". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. "Cryptomeria". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 56. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  4. "Dodonaea". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 6, 7. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  5. James D. Montgomery, Warren H. Wagner Jr. "Dryopteris". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  6. Guy L. Nesom "Erigeron". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 3,9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 36, 204, 256, 257, 334. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  7. Li Chao-luang, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba "Filipendula". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 193. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  8. Gerald B. Straley & Frederick H. Utech "Hemerocallis". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 51, 53, 57, 219. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  9. Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman "Moehringia". in Flora of North America Vol. 5. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  10. Gerald B. Straley  & Frederick H. Utech "Muscari". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 57, 316, 317, 318. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  11. "Nicotiana". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 331. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  12. "Osmanthus". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 286. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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Last Revised: September 22, 2009
2009/09/22 15:09:21