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Arctoteae

(Tribe)

Overview

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A Tribe in the Kingdom Plantae.

Photos

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Taxonomy

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The Tribe Arctoteae is a member of the Subfamily Rutoideae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Arctoteae:

The Tribe Arctoteae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Arctotis

Arctotis is a genus of about 40-50 species of in the family Asteraceae, native to southern Africa, from South Africa north to Angola. Some of the plants are alternatively placed in the genus Venidium. Many are called by the common name "African daisy", or "Gousblom" in Afrikaans. Some species have been developed as popular horticultural items because of their attractive yellow, orange, red, or white flowers. Gardeners cultivate some species as half-hardy annuals. [more]

Ardisia

Trees, shrubs, suffrutescent [or rarely herbs]. Leaves alternate or pseudoverticillate, usually punctate or punctate-lineate. Inflorescences paniculate, cymose, corymbose, or umbellate, rarely racemose. Flowers bisexual, often punctate, 5- or rarely 4-merous. Calyx campanulate or cupular; sepals free or barely united at base, imbricate or quincuncial, usually punctate or punctate-lineate. Corolla campanulate, often punctate; lobes united at base, overlapping to right or very rarely to left, imbricate, or quincuncial, often conical in bud. Stamens attached at base or middle of corolla tube; filaments very short, broad at base; anthers dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores. Ovary ovoid or subglobose, as long as or longer than petals; ovules 3 to many. Style base persistent; stigma minute, apiculate. Fruit drupaceous, 1-seeded, punctate, sometimes longitudinally ribbed, with somewhat fleshy exocarp and crusty or slightly bony endocarp. Seeds covered by membranous remnants of placenta.[1] [more]

Begonia

Perennial succulent herbs, rarely subshrubs. Stem erect, frequently rhizomatous, or plants tuberous and either acaulescent or shortly stemmed, rarely lianoid or climbing with adventitious roots, or stoloniferous. Leaves simple, rarely palmately compound, alternate or all basal; blade often oblique and asymmetric, rarely symmetric, margin often irregularly serrate and divided, occasionally entire, venation usually palmate; petiole long, weak; stipules membranous, usually deciduous. Flowers unisexual, plants monoecious, rarely dioecious, (1 or) 2-4 to several, rarely numerous, in dichotomous cymes, sometimes in panicle, with pedicels and bracts. Staminate flower: tepals 2 or 4 and decussate, usually outer ones larger, inner ones smaller; stamens usually numerous; filaments free or connate at base; anthers 2-celled, apical or lateral; connectives extended at apex, sometimes apiculate. Pistillate flower: tepals 2-5(-10) ; pistil composed of 2-5(-7) carpels; ovary inferior, 1-3(-7) -loculed; placentae axile or parietal; styles 2 or 3(or more), free or fused at base, forked once or more; stigma turgid, spirally twisted-tortuous or U-shaped, capitate or reniform, setose-papillose. Capsule dry, sometimes berrylike, unequally or subequally 3-winged, rarely wingless and 3- or 4-horned; seeds very numerous, pale brown, oblong, minute, testa reticulate.[2] [more]

Carex

Herbs, perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous, rarely stoloniferous. Culms usually trigonous, sometimes round. Leaves basal and cauline, sometimes all basal; ligules present; blades flat, V-shaped, or M-shaped in cross section, rarely filiform, involute, or rounded, commonly less than 20 mm wide, if flat then with distinct midvein. Inflorescences terminal, consisting of spikelets borne in spikes arranged in spikes, racemes, or panicles; bracts subtending spikes leaflike or scalelike; bracts subtending spikelets scalelike, very rarely leaflike. Spikelets 1-flowered; scales 0-1. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers with 1 scale with fused margins (perigynium) enclosing flower, open only at apex; perianth absent; stamens 1-3; styles deciduous or variously persistent, linear, 2-3(-4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, plano-convex, or trigonous, rarely 4-angled. x = 10.[3] [more]

Ceanothus

Ceanothus is a genus of about 50–60 species of shrubs or small trees in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. The genus is confined to North America, the center of its distribution in California, with some species (e.g. C. americanus) in the eastern United States and southeast Canada, and others (e.g. C. coeruleus) extending as far south as Guatemala. Most are shrubs 0.5–3 m tall, but C. arboreus and C. thyrsiflorus, both from California, can be small trees up to 6–7 m tall. [more]

Combretum

Lianas woody, or shrubs when lacking climbing support, rarely non-climbing shrubs, trees, or subherbaceous. Leaves opposite, whorled, or rarely alternate; petiole sometimes persistent and thornlike; leaf blade variable in shape, generally elliptic or oblong-elliptic to broadly ovate, hairy or glabrous, often conspicuously scaly, often with domatia. Inflorescences terminal, axillary, or extra-axillary, simple or branched spikes, racemes, or panicles. Calyx tube usually shorter than 2 cm, proximally ellipsoid or fusiform, slightly contracted above ovary, distally narrowly funnelform to saucer-shaped; lobes 4 or 5, rarely more, deltoid to subulate, sometimes almost absent. Petals 4 or 5, white, yellow, orange, red, or purple, small and inconspicuous or showy and exceeding calyx lobes. Stamens usually 8 or 10, usually exserted from calyx tube. Style not adnate to inside of calyx tube (in Chinese species). Fruit often shortly stipitate, dry, rarely fleshy, longitudinally 4- or 5-winged, -ridged, or -angled, broadly winged in Chinese species with wings equal, papery, transversely striate; endocarp not sclerenchymatous.[4] [more]

Cordyline

Plants treelike or shrubby. Stems ± woody, usually few branched, with conspicuous leaf scars distally. Leaves crowded at apex of stems, petiolate (or sessile) ; petiole 10--30 cm, base amplexicaul; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to sword-shaped, veins essentially parallel but with lateral veins branching from midvein in proximal 1/2. Inflorescence arising from axils of distal leaves, usually paniculate, large, many branched. Flowers bisexual, solitary, usually tubular-campanulate or subcylindric; pedicel usually short, articulate at or near apex. Perianth with short tube; lobes in 2 whorls of 3. Stamens 6, inserted in tube or throat of perianth; anthers versatile. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules 2 to many per locule. Style slender; stigma capitate, small. Fruit a capsule, leathery, 1- to several seeded. Seeds black, coated with phytomelanin.[5] [more]

Crocus

Herbs small, perennial, cormous. Corms oblate, covered with a tunic. Leaves few, all basal, green, linear, adaxially with pale, median stripe, base surrounded by membranous, sheathlike leaves. Aerial stem not developed. Flowers emerging from ground, with peduncle and ovary subterranean. Perianth white, yellow, or lilac to dark purple; tube long, slender; segments similar, equal or subequal. Stamens inserted in throat of perianth tube. Style 1, slender, distally with 3 to many branches. Capsule small, ellipsoid or oblong-ellipsoid.[6] [more]

Cyanotis

Herbs annual or perennial, erect or creeping. Rhizomes absent. Leaves alternate. Cincinni sessile, subtended by spathelike involucral bracts; bracts imbricate, 2-seriate, falcate-curved. Flowers actinomorphic. Sepals free or connate only at base. Petals connate and tubular in middle, free at both ends, purple, blue, or white, linear-lanceolate. Stamens 6, all fertile, equal; filaments lanate, rarely glabrous; anther locules longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Capsule 3-valved, obovoid- or broadly oblong, trigonous. Seeds 1 or 2 per valve, cylindric or quadrangular, reticulate or pitted; hilum at adjoining end of 2 seeds.[7] [more]

Fargesia

Fargesia is a of medium to small mountain clumping bamboos, found in alpine conifer forests of East Asia. They are known in Chinese as jian zhu (Chinese: ; pinyin: jianzhś), meaning "arrow bamboo". They can be found in China south to Vietnam and west to the eastern slopes of the Himalayas. There are currently about 90 recognised species, but morphological and genetic analysis has led to many being transferred to the genera Thamnocalamus, Yushania and Borinda, while others are still incertae sedis. The scientific name was given in honour of the French missionary and amateur botanist Pčre Paul Guillaume Farges. [more]

Galanthus

Herbs, perennial, scapose, from brown, tunicate, ovoid to globose bulbs; offset bulbs often present. Leaves 2(-3), basal, opposite, with sheathing blade, vernation flat and parallel, or convolute; nonsheathing blade erect to recurving at maturity, grayish green, linear-oblanceolate, glaucous; sheathing blade white, tubular, membranous, enclosing leaf bases and scape. Scape erect in flower, prostrate in fruit, green, solid. Inflorescences pendulous, 1-flowered, spathaceous; spathe bracteate, membranous; bracts 2, connate, split on 1 side. Flowers nodding, fragrant; perianath 2.5 cm or shorter; tepals 6, distinct, unequal; outer tepals spreading, white, narrowly obovate to almost orbicular, larger than inner; inner tepals overlapping, appearing tubular, green-spotted at apex only or apex and base, straight to semiorbicular, apex notched; stamens 6, inserted at bases of tepals, distinct; anthers basifixed, longer than filaments, bases lobed, apices tapered, dehiscense introrse, via terminal slits; ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, globose, septal nectaries present; style, white, unbranched, filiform; stigma indistinct to minutely capitate; pedicel wiry, short, slender. Fruits capsular, green, globose, fleshy, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 18-36, light brown, 3.5 mm, oblong to obtuse, elaiosomes fleshy. x = 12.[8] [more]

Gazania

Gazania is a of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to Southern Africa. It is often planted as drought-tolerant ground cover. [more]

Gelsemium

Shrubs or straggling to twining climbers. Leaves opposite, rarely verticillate; stipules reduced to an interpetiolar line; leaf blade margin entire. Thyrses axillary and terminal, many-flowered or fascicles with few flowers to 1-flowered. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals imbricate. Corolla funnelform; lobes imbricate. Stamens inserted at base to middle of corolla tube; filaments strap-shaped to filiform; anthers narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, included to exserted, 2-locular, base sagittate. Ovary 2-locular, with several ovules per locule. Style filiform; stigma 4-cleft. Capsules ovoid to narrowly ellipsoid, septicidal, 4-valvate, several-seeded. Seeds winged.[9] [more]

Genista

Genista is a genus of which includes many species of broom. Many of these brooms are notorious as noxious weeds. [more]

Gentiana

Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial. Rootstock with a fibrous primary root and secondary rootlets, with a stout ± fleshy or woody taproot, or with several linear-cylindric roots from a collar. Stems ascending to erect, striate or angled, in perennial species sometimes both flowering and vegetative. Leaves opposite, rarely whorled, sometimes forming a basal rosette. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, 1 to few-flowered cymes, sometimes in terminal clusters and/or axillary whorls. Flowers (4 or) 5- (or 6-8) -merous. Calyx lobes filiform to ovate, with a prominent midvein. Corolla tubular, salverform, funnelform, obconic, or urceolate, very rarely rotate; tube usually much longer than lobes; plicae between lobes. Stamens inserted on corolla tube; filaments basally ± winged; anthers free or rarely contiguous. Glands 5-10 at ovary base. Pistil sessile or on a long gynophore. Style usually short, linear, less often long and filiform; stigma lobes free or connate, recurved, usually oblong to linear, rarely expanded and rounded. Capsule cylindric to ellipsoid and wingless or narrowly obovoid to obovoid (narrowly ellipsoid in G. winchuanensis) and winged, many seeded. Seeds wingless or winged; seed coat minutely reticulate, rugose, simply areolate, or with complex spongy areolation.[10] [more]

Gypsophila

Plants annual or perennial. Taproots slender to stout, sometimes absent; perennials often with stout, branched caudices, some with adventitious roots from decumbent stems or elongating rhizomes. Stems erect, ± sprawling, or less often decumbent or prostrate, usually branched, terete. Leaves briefly connate proximally, sessile; blade 1- or 3-5-veined, linear to oblong or ovate, apex rounded or obtuse to acuminate. Inflorescences dichasial cymes or thyrses, diffuse (to subcapitate in G. oldhamiana) ; bracts paired, proximal bracts foliaceous, distal ones smaller, herbaceous with scarious margins; involucel bracteoles absent. Pedicels erect in fruit. Flowers: sepals connate proximally into cup, 1-5 mm, cup green and white, 5-veined, not winged, obconic to campanulate, terete to 5-angled, commissures between sepals veinless, broad, scarious; lobes green at least along midrib, usually ovate to elliptic, equaling or longer than cup, margins white, scarious, apex rounded to obtuse, sometimes mucronate; petals 5, white, pink, or rose-purple, claw poorly differentiated, auricles absent, coronal appendages absent; blade apex entire or shallowly emarginate to 2-fid, nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10, arising with petals from low nectariferous disc; filaments distinct nearly to base; staminodes absent; ovary 1-locular; styles 2(-3), clavate, 1.2-2.5 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2(-3), subterminal, papillate (30×). Capsules globose or ellipsoid-ovoid, opening by 4(-6) slightly distally recurving valves; carpophore absent. Seeds 4-36, brown to black, reniform to snail-shell-shaped, laterally compressed, tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendages absent; embryo peripheral, curved. x = 17, 12 (Eurasia), 18 (Eurasia) ; aneuploidy occasional.[11] [more]

Haemanthus

Haemanthus is a Southern African genus of with some 22 known species, endemic to South Africa, Namibia and the kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland. About 15 species occur in the winter rainfall region of Namaqualand and the Western Cape, the remainder being found in the summer rainfall region, with one species Haemanthus albiflos occurring in both regions. [more]

Hebe

[more]

Hemerocallis

Herbs, perennial, scapose, clump-forming, rhizomatous, from fibrous or fleshy contractile roots often enlarged at ends; rhizomes spreading. Leaves many, basal, sessile, 2-ranked, bases sheathing; blade long-linear, keeled, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 2, in terminal helicoid cyme, or solitary. Flowers mostly diurnal and ephemeral, slightly irregular, showy; tepals 6, connate basally into short, funnelform to campanulate tube, distinct parts imbricate, spreading, inner broader than outer; stamens 6, adnate to throat of perianth tube; filaments curved upward, distinct, unequal; anthers dorsifixed, 2-locular, linear-oblong, dehiscence introrse; ovary superior, green, 3-locular, conic, septal nectaries present; style curved upwards; stigma indistinctly 3-lobed or capitate. Fruits capsular, leathery, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds rarely produced (sterile) or many. x = 11.[12] [more]

Hibiscus

Shrubs, subshrubs, trees, or herbs. Leaf blade palmately lobed or entire, basal veins 3 or more. Flowers axillary, usually solitary, sometimes subterminal and ± congested into a terminal raceme, 5-merous, bisexual. Epicalyx lobes 5 to many, free or connate at base, rarely very short (H. schizopetalus) or absent (H. lobatus) . Calyx campanulate, rarely shallowly cup-shaped or tubular, 5-lobed or 5-dentate, persistent. Corolla usually large and showy, variously colored, often with dark center; petals adnate at base to staminal tube. Filament tube well developed, apex truncate or 5-dentate; anthers throughout or only on upper half of tube. Ovary 5-loculed or, as a result of false partitions, 10-loculed; ovules 3 to many per locule; style branches 5; stigmas capitate. Fruit a capsule, cylindrical to globose, valves 5, dehiscence loculicidal and sometimes partially septicidal or indehiscent (H. vitifolius Linnaeus) . Seeds reniform, hairy or glandular verrucose.[13] [more]

Illicium

Leaves sometimes appearing whorled at ends of branches. Flowers erect to drooping; peduncle smooth to rugulose; perianth white, yellow, yellow-green, pink, or red to maroon, often glandular; outer tepals often bractlike and reduced, sometimes ciliolate, inner tepals often much larger and ligulate, sometimes only slightly larger and broadly obtuse, innermost often reduced, sometimes transitional to stamens; pistils orbicular to deltoid, styles narrow and acute, often recurved. Fruits dark brown, woody to leathery at maturity; peduncle sometimes thickened. Seeds glossy, dark brown to tawny or golden. x = 13, 14.[14] [more]

Impatiens

Morphological characters are the same as those of the family, except: lateral petals always united in pairs into lateral, united petals; fruit a fleshy, explosive capsule; seeds often dispersed elastically from valves when ripe.[15] [more]

Ipomoea

Herbs or shrubs, often twining, sometimes prostrate, erect, or floating. Leaves petiolate, entire, lobed, or divided. Inflorescences mostly axillary, cymose, 1- to many flowered, rarely paniculate; bracts various. Flowers small to large. Sepals persistent, equal to unequal, ± enlarged in fruit. Corolla variously colored, rarely yellow, funnelform, campanulate, or salverform; limb 5-lobed to entire, midpetaline bands well defined. Stamens included or exserted; filaments filiform, usually unequal, dilated and pubescent basally; anthers ovate or linear, longitudinally dehiscent, not twisted; pollen globular, pantoporate, finely spiny. Disc ringlike. Ovary 2-4-loculed, 4- or 6-ovuled. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, or 2- or 3-globulose. Capsule globose or ovoid, 4- or 6-valved. Seeds 4(-6) or fewer, glabrous or pubescent.[16] [more]

Ligustrum

Shrubs or small trees, deciduous or evergreen. Leaves opposite, simple, short petiolate; leaf blade entire. Inflorescences terminal panicles of cymes, rarely lateral. Flowers bisexual, sessile or pedicellate. Calyx campanulate, truncate or 4-toothed, persistent. Corolla white, rotate, funnelform, or salverform, 4-lobed; lobes ca. as long as or shorter than corolla tube, valvate in bud. Stamens 2, inserted at mouth of corolla tube, included or exserted; anthers yellow or sometimes purple, oblong. Ovules 2 in each locule, pendulous. Style shorter than stamens; stigma 2-cleft. Fruit a berrylike drupe with membranous or papery endocarp, rarely drupaceous or loculicidal. Seeds 1-4; endosperm fleshy; radicle short, upward.[17] [more]

Lytocaryum

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Maianthemum

Herbs, perennial, terrestrial or aquatic, 1-12.5 dm, from rhizomes. Rhizomes persistent, sympodial, spreading and filiform, or densely clumped, cylindrical, and fleshy. Stems simple, arching or erect. Leaves 2-15, cauline, distichous, clasping or short-petiolate; blade usually ovate, glabrous or weakly pubescent, base rounded or cordiform, margins flat or undulate, denticulate or entire, apex acute or caudate. Inflorescences terminally paniculate or racemose, 5-250-flowered. Flowers 3-merous (6 tepals, 6 stamens) or, by reduction, 2-merous (4 tepals, 4 stamens) ; perianth spreading; tepals distinct, white, ovate or triangular, equal, 0.5-5 mm; stamens inserted at tepal base; anthers 4-locular, dehiscence introrse; ovary superior, 2-3-carpellate, septal walls with nectariferous canals; style shorter than 1.5 mm; stigma 2-3-lobed, less than 1 mm wide; pedicel subtended by 1 or more bracts. Fruits baccate, variously mottled when immature, bright red at maturity, usually lobed, 4-12 mm wide, pulp thin. Seeds 1-12, globose, 3-6 mm diam.; testa pale brown, thin; endosperm scaly. x = 18.[18] [more]

Ophiopogon

Herbs perennial, rhizomatous, sometimes stoloniferous. Roots occasionally woody or with fleshy, tuberous part near tip. Stem suberect or prostrate, usually simple, elongate or short, sometimes indistinct. Leaves basal or cauline, alternate, tufted or scattered, sessile or petiolate, linear to oblong, usually whitish streaked abaxially. Scape arising from a leaf axil. Inflorescence a raceme or reduced panicle, rarely a panicle, several to many flowered; bracts small. Flowers bisexual, campanulate to opening flat, usually nodding; pedicel articulate. Tepals 6, free, deciduous or persistent in fruit. Stamens 6, inserted at base of tepals; filaments usually very short; anthers basifixed, sometimes connate. Ovary semi-inferior, 3-loculed; ovules 2(--6) per locule, basal. Style 1, columnar; stigma capitate, small. Fruit bursting irregularly at an early stage and exposing young seeds. Seeds usually blue at maturity, berrylike.[19] [more]

Papaver

Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, scapose or caulescent, from taproots; sap white, orange, or red. Stems when present leafy. Leaves: basal rosulate, petiolate; cauline alternate, proximal leaves petiolate, distal subsessile or sessile, sometimes clasping (in P . somniferum ) ; blade unlobed or 1-3× pinnately lobed or parted; margins entire or toothed, scalloped, or incised. Inflorescences cymiform, with flowers disposed in 1s, 2s or 3s on long scapes or peduncles; bracts present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2(-3), distinct; petals 4(-6) ; stamens many; pistil 3-18[-22]-carpellate; ovary 1-locular, sometimes incompletely multilocular by placental intrusion; style absent; stigmas 3-18[-22], radiating on sessile, ± lobed disc, velvety. Capsules erect, 3-18[-22]-pored or short-valved immediately beneath persistent or sometimes deciduous (in P . hybridum ) stigmatic disc. Seeds many, minutely pitted, aril absent. x = 7.[20] [more]

Passiflora

Herbaceous or woody perennial vines, rarely shrubs or trees. Leaves simple or rarely compound, alternate (subopposite in one species), entire or dissected, petiolate, usually with extra-floral nectaries on petiole and/or blade; stipules linear to leaflike, often glandular. Inflorescence axillary, cymose; peduncle often highly reduced or absent, central axis developed into a tendril, secondary axes often highly reduced to 1 or 2 flowers; bracts minute to foliaceous, sometimes glandular. Flowers bisexual (rarely plants dioecious) . Hypanthium broad to campanulate. Sepals 5, often petaloid, sometimes with a subapical projection. Petals 5 (rarely absent) . Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments; innermost series (operculum) membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk (limen) present around base of androgynophore, fused to base of hypanthium. Stamens (4 or) 5(-8) ; filaments free (rarely connate into a tube around ovary) ; anthers linear or oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary on androgynophore, stipitate or sessile, 3(-5) -carpellate; styles 3(-5), free; stigmas capitate. Fruit a berry (rarely a dehiscent capsule) . Seeds arillate, compressed, testa pitted; endosperm oily, abundant; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic or oblong-elliptic; germination epigeal (rarely hypogeal) .[21] [more]

Pelargonium

Perennial with rarely entire leaves. Flowers showy, umbellate, irregular. Posticous sepal prolonged into a nectiferous spur. Fruit beaked.[22] [more]

Picea

Trees evergreen; crown broadly conic to spirelike; leading shoot erect. Bark gray to reddish brown, thin and scaly (with thin plates), sometimes with resin blisters (especially in Picea engelmannii and P. glauca ), becoming relatively thick and furrowed with age. Branches whorled; short (spur) shoots absent; twigs roughened by persistent leaf bases. Buds ovoid, apex rounded to acute, sometimes resinous. Leaves borne singly, spreading in all directions from twigs, persisting to 10 years, mostly 4-angled and square in cross section (to triangular or ± flattened), mostly rigid, sessile on peglike base; base decurrent, persistent after leaves shed, sheath absent; apex usually sharp-pointed, sometimes bluntly acute; resin canals 1--2. Cones borne on year-old twigs. Pollen cones grouped, axillary, oblong, yellow to purple. Seed cones maturing in 1 season, usually shed at maturity (persisting for several years in Picea mariana ), borne mostly on upper branches, pendent, ovoid to cylindric, sessile or terminal on leafy branchlets and thus appearing ± stalked; scales persistent, elliptic to fan-shaped, thin, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included. Seeds winged; cotyledons 5--l5. x =12.[23] [more]

Potentilla

Herbs perennial, rarely biennial, annual, or shrubs, if perennial then with ± tufted, scaly rootstock. Stems erect, ascending, or prostrate. Leaves pinnate or palmately compound; stipules ± adnate to petiole. Inflorescence often cymose or cymose-paniculate, or 1-flowered. Flowers usually bisexual. Hypanthium concave, mostly hemispheric. Sepals 5, valvate; epicalyx segments 5, alternating with sepals. Petals 5, often yellow, rarely white or purple. Stamens usually ca. 20 in 3 series of 10, 5, and 5, rarely fewer or more (11-30) ; anthers 2-loculed. Carpels usually numerous, free, inserted on slightly elevated receptacle; ovule ascending or pendulous, anatropous, amphitropous, or suborthotropous; style subterminal, lateral, or basal. Achenes numerous, inserted on dry receptacle with persistent sepals. Seed testa membranous. x = 7.[24] [more]

Rosmarinus

Shrubs evergreen. Leaves linear, margin entire, revolute. Floral and to stem leaves similar; bracts petiolate. Flowers subsessile, few, crowded in apical racemes on short branches. Calyx ovoid-campanulate, glabrous on throat inside, 11-veined, 2-lipped, upper lip entire or 3-denticulate, lower lip 2-toothed. Corolla blue-purple, bluish, or whitish, 2-lipped; tube exserted, glabrous inside, dilated at throat; upper lip erect, emarginate or 2-lobed; lower lip large, spreading, 3-lobed; middle lobe largest, concave, declined, margin dentate; lateral lobes oblong. Stamens 2, reaching upper corolla lip; filaments coherent with connectives, with a tooth reflexed below middle; anther cells 2, parallel, only 1 fertile, linear, inserted on top of connective; staminodes absent. Style much longer than stamens, apex unequally 2-cleft, lobes subulate, posterior lobe shorter. Disc ringlike, equally 4-lobed. Nutlets ovoid-globose, smooth, each with an elaiosome.[25] [more]

Ruta

Rue (Ruta) is a genus of strongly scented subshrubs 20-60 cm tall, in the family Rutaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, Macaronesia and southwest Asia. Different authors accept between 8 and 40 species in the genus. The most well-known species is the Common Rue. [more]

Sempervivum

Houseleeks or Liveforever (Sempervivum, pronounced ) are a of about 40 species of succulent plants of the Crassulaceae family which grow in rosettes. Another name used for some species (and also for some plants in other related genera) is Hen and chicks. [more]

Sorbus

Trees or shrubs, usually deciduous. Winter buds usually rather large, ovoid, conical, or spindle-shaped, sometimes viscid; scales imbricate, several, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves alternate, membranous or herbaceous; stipules caducous, simple or pinnately compound, plicate or rarely convolute in bud; leaf blade usually serrate, sometimes nearly entire, venation craspedodromous or camptodromous, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences compound, rarely simple corymbs or panicles. Hypanthium campanulate, rarely obconical or urceolate. Sepals 5, ovate or triangular, glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose, sometimes glandular along margin. Petals 5, glabrous or pubescent, base clawed or not. Stamens 15-25(-44) in 2 or 3 whorls, unequal in length; anthers ovoid or subglobose. Carpels 2-5, partly or wholly adnate to hypanthium; ovary semi-inferior to inferior, 2-5-(-7) loculed, with 2 or 3(or 4) ovules per locule, one usually abortive; styles 2-5, free or partially connate, glabrous or pubescent. Fruit a pome, white, yellow, pink, or brown to orange or red, ovoid or globose to ellipsoid or oblong, usually small, glabrous or pubescent, laevigate or with small lenticels, apically with sepals persistent or caducous leaving an annular scar, with 2-5(-7) locules, each with 1 or 2 exendospermous seeds; seeds several, with thin perisperm and endosperm enclosing embryo with compressed cotyledons.Trees or shrubs, usually deciduous. Winter buds usually rather large, ovoid, conical, or spindle-shaped, sometimes viscid; scales imbricate, several, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves alternate, membranous or herbaceous; stipules caducous, simple or pinnately compound, plicate or rarely convolute in bud; leaf blade usually serrate, sometimes nearly entire, venation craspedodromous or camptodromous, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences compound, rarely simple corymbs or panicles. Hypanthium campanulate, rarely obconical or urceolate. Sepals 5, ovate or triangular, glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose, sometimes glandular along margin. Petals 5, glabrous or pubescent, base clawed or not. Stamens 15-25(-44) in 2 or 3 whorls, unequal in length; anthers ovoid or subglobose. Carpels 2-5, partly or wholly adnate to hypanthium; ovary semi-inferior to inferior, 2-5-(-7) loculed, with 2 or 3(or 4) ovules per locule, one usually abortive; styles 2-5, free or partially connate, glabrous or pubescent. Fruit a pome, white, yellow, pink, or brown to orange or red, ovoid or globose to ellipsoid or oblong, usually small, glabrous or pubescent, laevigate or with small lenticels, apically with sepals persistent or caducous leaving an annular scar, with 2-5(-7) locules, each with 1 or 2 exendospermous seeds; seeds several, with thin perisperm and endosperm enclosing embryo with compressed cotyledons.[26] [more]

Sternbergia

A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Streptolirion

Herbs perennial, climbing. Rhizomes absent. Lateral branches penetrating leaf sheaths. Leaves alternate. Inflorescences borne at each node, opposite leaves, emerging from mouth of leaf sheath, each a large panicle of numerous cincinni; cincinni each subtended by an involucral bract; bracts similar to leaves, becoming smaller toward apex of cincinnus. Flowers actinomorphic, those of basal cincinnus bisexual, others male or bisexual. Sepals free, boat-shaped, galeate at apex. Petals free, linear-spatulate, white. Stamens 6, all fertile, equal; filaments densely torulose-hairy; anther locules parallel, ellipsoid, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Capsule 3-valved, ellipsoid, beaked; seeds 2 per valve, rugose; hilum linear.[27] [more]

Terminalia

Trees, often very large and buttressed, rarely shrubs. Branches often in tiers. Leaves spiraled, alternate, subopposite, or opposite, often crowded into pseudowhorls at apices of branchlets; leaf blade oblong, elliptic, obovate, or orbicular, hairy or glabrous, often minutely verruculose and translucent dotted (from calcium oxalate crystals), often with domatia, often with 2 or more glands at or above leaf blade base or on petiole. Inflorescences axillary or terminal spikes or racemes, sometimes panicles, with bisexual flowers toward base of inflorescence and male flowers toward apex. Calyx tube proximally broadly cylindric to ellipsoid or ovoid, distally cupular or sometimes scarcely developed; lobes 4 or 5, deltoid or ovate. Petals absent. Stamens 8 or 10. Fruit variable in size and shape, often fleshy and drupelike, sometimes dry and leathery or corky, often longitudinally 2-5-winged, or -ridged, sometimes weakly so; endocarp usually at least partly sclerenchymatous.[28] [more]

Thlaspi

Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, often glabrous and glaucous. Trichomes absent or simple. Stems prostrate or erect, simple or branched. Basal leaves petiolate or subsessile, rosulate or not, simple, entire or dentate. Cauline leaves sessile, often auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul at base, entire or rarely dentate. Racemes ebracteate, elongated or not in fruit. Fruiting pedicels slender, divaricate or ascending, rarely reflexed. Sepals ovate or oblong, erect or ascending, base of lateral pair not saccate, margin membranous. Petals white, rarely purple or yellow; blade obovate, oblong, or spatulate, apex obtuse or emarginate; claw differentiated or not from blade. Stamens 6, tetradynamous; filaments dilated or not at base; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse at apex. Nectar glands 2 or 4, lateral, often 1 on each side of lateral stamen; median glands absent. Ovules 4-24 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent siliques or silicles, linear, oblong, obovate, obcordate, elliptic, lanceolate, or suborbicular, often apically notched, strongly angustiseptate, sessile; valves keeled, winged or wingless; replum rounded; septum complete, membranous, translucent, veinless; style obsolete or prominent, exserted or included in apical notch of fruit; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate, wingless, oblong, ovoid, or ellipsoid, plump; seed coat smooth, reticulate, rugose, or striate, mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent or rarely incumbent.[29] [more]

Zauschneria

Zauschneria (Epilobium canum) is a of willowherb, native to dry slopes and in chaparral of western North America. It is a perennial plant, notable for the profusion of bright scarlet flowers in late summer and autumn. [more]

At least 59 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Zauschneria.

More info about the Genus Zauschneria may be found here.

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. "Ardisia". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 10. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  2. "Begonia". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 153. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. Peter W. Ball & A. A. Reznicek "Carex". in Flora of North America Vol. 23 Page 3, 5, 252, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 333, 40. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  4. Sheng-lian Lu & Sylvia M. Phillips "Combretum". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 309, 315, 316. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  5. Chen Sing-chi, Nicholas J. Turland "Cordyline". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 204. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  6. "Crocus". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 313. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  7. "Cyanotis". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 21. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  8. Gerald B. Straley  & Frederick H. Utech "Galanthus". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 55, 280, 293. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  9. "Gelsemium". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  10. "Gentiana". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 15. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  11. James S. Pringle "Gypsophila". in Flora of North America Vol. 5. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  12. Gerald B. Straley & Frederick H. Utech "Hemerocallis". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 51, 53, 57, 219. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  13. "Hibiscus". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 264, 286,294. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  14. "Illicium". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  15. "Impatiens". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 43. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  16. Clifton E. Nauman "Ipomoea". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 301. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  17. "Ligustrum". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 299. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  18. James V. LaFrankie "Maianthemum". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 19, 57, 206, 207. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  19. Chen Sing-chi, Minoru N. Tamura "Ophiopogon". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 252. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  20. Robert W. Kiger & David F. Murray "Papaver". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  21. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick & Peter Mųller Jųrgensen "Passiflora". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  22. YASIN J. NASIR "Pelargonium". in Flora of Pakistan page 41. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  23. Ronald J. Taylor "Picea". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  24. Li Chaoluan (Li Chao-luang, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba "Potentilla". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 291. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  25. "Rosmarinus". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 222. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  26. Lu Ling-ti, Stephen A. Spongberg "Sorbus". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 144. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  27. "Streptolirion". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 20. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  28. "Terminalia". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 309, 310. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  29. "Thlaspi". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 41. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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Last Revised: September 22, 2009
2009/09/22 15:06:50