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Anacardiaceae

(Family)

Overview

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Anacardiaceae (the cashew family) is a of flowering plants bearing fruits that are drupes and in some cases producing urushiol, an irritant. Its 82 genera1] include several of economic importance. Notable plants in this family include cashew (in the type genus Anacardium), mango, poison ivy, sumac, smoke tree, and pistachio. Including pistachio, the genus Pistacia sometimes is placed in its own family, Pistaciaceae.

Photos

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Taxonomy

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The Family Anacardiaceae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Abrahamia

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Acajuba

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Actinocheita

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Allospondias

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Amphipterygium

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Anacardia

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Anacardium

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Anaphrenium

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Anasyllis

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Anauxanopetalum

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Androtium

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Antrocaryon

Antrocaryon micraster (also called Antrocaryon) is a species of in the Anacardiaceae family. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Uganda. It is threatened by habitat loss. [more]

Apterokarpos

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Astronium

Astronium ( Myracrodruon M.Allemăo) is a plant genus in the family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Attilaea

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Baronia

The Short-horned Baronia (Baronia brevicornis) is a species of in the Papilionidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Baronia. It is endemic to Mexico. [more]

Blepharocarya

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Bonetiella

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Botryceras

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Bouea

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Buchanania

Buchanania is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Calesiam

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Calesium

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Calsiama

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Cambessedea

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Campnospera

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Campnosperma

Campnosperma is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Cardenasiodendron

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Cassuvium

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Catutsjeron

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Choerospondias

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Comeurya

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Comocladia

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Coniogeton

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Cotinus

Smoketree or Smoke bush (Cotinus) is a of two species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae, closely related to the sumacs (Rhus). They are large shrubs or small trees, native to the warm temperate Northern Hemisphere. The leaves are deciduous, alternate, simple oval shape, 3-13 cm long. The flowers are clustered in a large open terminal panicles 15-30 cm long with a fluffy grayish-buff appearance resembling a cloud of smoke over the plant, from which the name derives. The fruit is a small drupe with a single seed. Often classified in Rhus in the past, they are distinguished by the leaves being simple (not pinnate) and the 'smoke-like' fluffy flower heads. [more]

Cotynus

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Cyrtocarpa

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Cyrtospermum

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Cytheraea

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Daphnitis

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Dasycarya

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Dodonaea

Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, sometimes with a glandular resinous exudate on leaves and inflorescences. Leaves simple or pinnate, estipulate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual and plants dioecious, actinomorphic, solitary and axillary or arranged in terminal and axillary racemes, corymbs or panicles. Sepals (3-) 5(-7), valvate or sometimes imbricate, deciduous when mature. Petals absent. Disk inconspicuous, absent in male flowers. Stamens (male flowers) 5-8; filaments short; anthers ellipsoid, obtusely 4-gonous, connectives prominent. Ovary (female flowers) ellipsoid, obcordiform, or transversely ellipsoid, 2- or 3(or 5 or 6) -gonous, 2- or 3(or 5 or 6) -loculed; ovules 2 per locule, one ascending, and one pendulous; style apical, much longer than ovary, often twisted, deciduous; stigma 2-6-lobed. Capsules samaralike, 2- or 3(-6) -loculed, septifragal, boatlike. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, obovoid, lenslike, or subglobose; testa crustaceous, arillode present or absent; hilum thick; embryo revolute, cotyledons linear. 2n = 28, 30, 32.[1] [more]

Dracontomelon

Dracontomelon (Vietnamese:Chi S?u) is a genus of flowering plants in the family . [more]

Dracontomelum

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Drepanospermum

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Drimycarpus

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Duckera

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Dupuisia

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Duvaua

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Emiliomarcelia

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Euleria

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Euroschinus

Euroschinus is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Evia

Evia is a family name one branch of which was prominent in the politics and culture of Yucatán: [more]

Evrardia

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Faguetia

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Fegimanra

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Festania

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Gluta

Gluta is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Glycycarpus

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Haberlia

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Hadestaphylum

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Haematostaphis

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Haplorhus

Haplorhus is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Haplospondias

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Harpephyllum

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Heeria

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Hitzera

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Holigarna

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Hypopterygium

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Joncquetia

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Juliania

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Kokkia

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Koordersiodendron

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Lannea

Lannea is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Lanneoma

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Lanzana

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Laurophyllum

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Laurophyllus

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Lentiscus

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Lithraea

Lithraea ( Lithrea Hook.) is a genus of flowering plants in the soapberry family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Lithrea

Lithraea ( Lithrea Hook.) is a genus of flowering plants in the soapberry family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Lobadium

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Loxopterygium

Loxopterygium is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Loxostylis

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Lundia

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Malosma

Malosma is a plant genus for which only a single species, Malosma laurina, is proposed. Common names for the species include laurel sumac and lentisco (Spanish). Malosma laurina is found along the southern California and Baja California coasts; the name "laurel" was chosen because the foliage is reminiscent of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), which is an otherwise unrelated small tree of the Mediterranean region. The species was previously assigned to the genus Rhus, and was known as Rhus laurina. [more]

Manga

Manga  (helpˇinfo), pronounced /'m??g?/, are comics and print cartoons (sometimes also called komikku ????), in Japanese and conforming to the style developed in Japan in the late 20th century. In their modern form, manga date from shortly after World War II but have a long, complex history in earlier Japanese art. [more]

Mangifera

Trees with simple, entire leaves. Flowers disposed in terminal panicles, small and polgamous. Calyx deciduous. Petals 4-5, imbricate. Stamens as many as the petals, with only 1 functional stamen. Ovary unilocular, with a solitary ovule; style filiform. Fruit a large succulent drupe.[2] [more]

Mauria

Mauria is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Melanochyla

Melanochyla is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Melanococca

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Melanocommia

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Melanorrhea

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Melanorrhoea

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Metopium

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Micronychia

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Microstemon

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Monodynamus

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Mosquitoxylum

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Myracrodruon

Astronium ( Myracrodruon M.Allemăo) is a plant genus in the family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Neostyphonia

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Nothopegia

Nothopegia is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Nothopegiopsis

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Nothoprotium

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Ochoterenaea

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Odina

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Oncocarpus

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Operculicarya

Operculicarya (also Operculicaria) is a plant of the family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Orthopterygium

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Ozoroa

Ozoroa is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Pachycormus

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Parishia

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Pegia

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Pentaspadon

Pentaspadon is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Phanrangia

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Philostemon

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Phlebochiton

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Phus

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Pistacia

Pistacia is a genus of ten species in the family , native to the Canary Islands, northwest Africa, southern Europe, central and eastern Asia, and North America (Mexico, Texas). They are shrubs and small trees growing to 5-15 m tall. The leaves are alternate, pinnately compound, and can be either evergreen or deciduous depending on species. All species are dioecious. The genus is estimated to be about 80 million years old. [more]

Pistacioxylon

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Plectomirtha

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Pleiogynium

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Poupartia

Poupartia is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Poupartiopsis

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Protorhus

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Pseudosmodingium

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Pseudospondias

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Quebrachia

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Rhinocarpus

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Rhodosphaera

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Rhoeidium

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Rhus

Polygamous or dioecious trees or shrubs, usually sapiferous; sap often irritant. Leaves compound. Flowers small, greenish, in axillary or terminal panicles. Calyx persistent, 4-6-lobed; lobes imbricate. Petals 4-6, spreading. Disk present. Stamens as many as or twice the number of petals; anthers bilocular, imperfect in the female flowers. Ovary unilocular; styles 3, usually free. Drupe small and dry.[3] [more]

Rumphia

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Sarcotheca

Sarcotheca is a genus of in family Oxalidaceae. [more]

Scassellatia

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Schinopsis

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Schinus

Tree or shrub with alternate, pinnate leaves. Flowers small, whitish, in terminal bracteate panicles. Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5, imbricate. Disk annular and broad. Stamens twice as many as the petals. Fruit a globose drupe.[4] [more]

Schmaltzia

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Schmalzia

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Sclerocarya

Sclerocarya is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Searsia

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Semecarpus

Semecarpus is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Semicarpus

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Shakua

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Skoliostigma

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Smodingium

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Solenocarpus

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Soreindeia

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Sorindeia

Sorindeia is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Sorindeiopsis

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Spondianthus

Spondianthus is a of plant, in the family Phyllanthaceae and is the only genus comprised in the subtribe Spondianthinae. The genus is found in tropical Africa. [more]

Spondias

Spondias is a genus of of the family Anacardiaceae. The genus consists of 17 described species, 7 of which are native to the Neotropics and about 10 are native to tropical Asia. They are commonly named hog plums, Spanish plums and in some cases golden apples for their brightly-colored fruit which resemble an apple or large plum at a casual glance. They are only distantly related to apple and plum trees however. A more unequivocal common name is mombins. [more]

Spondiopsis

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Stagmaria

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Styphonia

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Sumacus

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Swintonia

Swintonia is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Syndesmis

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Tapirira

Tapirira is a of flowering plants in the soapberry family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Terebinthus

Terebinthus (also Terebinthus of Turbo ) was the supposed pupil of , during the 1st-2nd century CE, according to the writings of Christian writer and anti-Manichaean polemicist Cyril of Jerusalem, and is mentioned earlier in the anonymously written, critical biography of Mani known as Acta Archelai. [more]

Terminthia

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Thyrsodium

Thyrsodium is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Topirira

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Toxicodendron

Toxicodendron is a genus of woody , shrubs and vines in the Anacardiaceae or Sumac Family, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil urushiol, which can cause a severe allergic reaction; hence the scientific name which means "poison tree". [more]

Trichoscypha

Trichoscypha is a genus of in family Anacardiaceae. [more]

Tropidopetalum

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Trujanoa

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Turpinia

Turpinia is a genus of in family Staphyleaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Veatchia

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Warmingia

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Wirtgenia

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At least 7 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Wirtgenia.

More info about the Genus Wirtgenia may be found here.

References

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  1. ^ Pell, Susan Katherine (2004-02-18). "Molecular Systematics of the Cashew Family (Anacardiaceae) (PhD dissertation at Louisiana State University)".

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. "Dodonaea". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 6, 7. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  2. Yasin J. Nasir "Mangifera". in Flora of Pakistan Page 19. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. Yashin J. Nasir "Rhus". in Flora of Pakistan Page 4.. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  4. "Schinus". in Flora of Pakistan Page 20. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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Last Revised: November 19, 2008