font settings

Font Size: Large | Normal | Small
Font Face: Verdana | Geneva | Georgia

Acalyphoideae

(Subfamily)

Overview

[ Back to top ]

The Acalyphoideae is a belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae.

Photos

[ Back to top ]

Taxonomy

[ Back to top ]

The Subfamily Acalyphoideae is a member of the Family Euphorbiaceae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Acalyphoideae:

The Subfamily Acalyphoideae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

[ Back to top ]

Abies

Trees evergreen, crown usually spirelike to conic, sometimes flat to round topped in age. Bark initially thin, smooth, bearing resin blisters, in age furrowed and/or flaking in plates. Branches whorled, irregular internodal branches occasionally produced by epicormic sprouting (growing from a dormant bud) ; short (spur) shoots absent; leaf scars prominent, ± circular to broadly elliptic, flush with twig surface, slightly depressed, or slightly raised evenly all around. Buds ovate or oblong, resinous or not, apex rounded or pointed. Leaves borne singly, persisting 5 or more years, spirally arranged but often proximally twisted so as to appear either 1-ranked (pointing up like toothbrush bristles) or 2-ranked, sessile, typically constricted and often twisted above the somewhat broadened base, sheath absent; leaves on vegetative branches flattened, frequently grooved adaxially, usually notched to rounded at apex; leaves on fertile branches sometimes appearing 4-sided, upright, sharp-pointed to rounded at apex; resin canals 2. Cones borne on year-old twigs. Pollen cones grouped, ovate or oblong-cylindric, leaving gall-like protuberances after falling, yellow to red, green, blue, or purple. Seed cones maturing in 1 season, erect, ovoid to oblong-cylindric or cylindric, not falling whole but scale by scale, cone axis persisting as an erect "spike" on branch; scales shed individually, fan-shaped, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included to exserted. Seeds winged, the wing-seed juncture bearing resin sac; cotyledons 4--10. x =12.[1] [more]

Acalypha

Acalypha is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is the sole genus of the subtribe Acalyphinae. With 450 to 500 species of herbs and shrubs, the genus is only behind Euphorbia, Croton and Phyllanthus in term of Malpighiales diversity. The common names are copperleaves or three-seeded mercuries. [more]

Acanthocalyx

Acanthocalyx is a of about three species in the family Dipsacaceae, sometimes included in Morinaceae, native to Sino-Himalayan Region. [more]

Acantholimon

Shrublets, usually thorny, pulvinate, often subglobose, many-branched. Leaves borne on current year's branches, crowded, sessile, persistent on old branches after withering; spring leaves at base of current year's branches and similar or different from summer leaves; leaf blade linear, linear-needlelike, or linear subulate, usually very shallowly obdeltate to subcomplanate in cross section, apex usually pointed to awned. Inflorescences borne in axil of spring leaves at base of current year's branches, branched or unbranched; spikes pedunculate, with 2--8 spikelets, arranged in 2 rows, sometimes rachis undeveloped with spike or spikelets axillary; spikelets 1--5-flowered; bracts distinctly shorter than bractlet of first flower, margin membranous; first bractlet similar to bract, margin broadly membranous. Calyx funnelform or rarely subtubular; tube straight or occasionally basally oblique, inconspicuously herbaceous along ribs and scarious between ribs; limb purple, pink, or white, broad, scarious, 5- or 10-lobed. Corolla slightly exserted from calyx; petals basally slightly connate. Stamens adnate to corolla base. Ovary linear-cylindrical, apex attenuate. Styles 5, free, glabrous; stigmas depressed capitate. Capsules oblong-filiform.[2] [more]

Alchornea

Alchornea is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 70 tropical species. [more]

Caperonia

False crotons ( Caperonia) are a group of plants of the family Euphorbiaceae. There are 60 species found in tropical America and tropical Africa. [more]

Chrozophora

Chrozophora is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae and the sole genus comprised in the subtribe Chrozophorinae. It comprises 11 or 12 species, which are monoecious herbs or undershrubs. They are found from Africa and the Mediterranean to Southeast Asia. [more]

Coleonema

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Dalechampia

Dalechampia is a of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae and of the monogeneric subtribe Dalechampiinae. It comprises about 120 species, all found in lowland (below 2000 m) tropical areas and especially in the Americas. There are ca. 90 species in the Americas and ca. 10 species each, in Africa, Madagascar, and Asia. Additional new species are still being described and several are very rare and at risk of extiction. Dalechampia has unisexual flowers that are secondarily united into a bisexual blossom (pseudanthium), which acts as the pollination unit. The pollination and floral evolution of this genus has been studied more intensively than perhaps any other member of the euphorb family. In the neotropics (Americas), most species are pollinated by female, resin-collecting bees, including euglossine bees and Hypanthidium (Megachilidae), which use resin in nest construction. About a dozen neotropical species are pollinated by fragrance-collecting male euglossine bees, which use these fragrances to attract females for mating. There are at least three independent pollination shifts from pollination by female resin-collecting bees to pollination by male fragrance-collecting bees. African and Asian species are also pollinated by resin-collecting megachilid bees, but Malagasy species are pollinated by pollen-feeding beetles and pollen-collecting bees. Two species are of horticultural interest, having particualrly showy blossoms, with bright pink/purple bracts. One of these, D. aristolochiifolia, from Peru, has become very popular recently, but it is mistakenly advertised and distributed under the name D. dioscoreifolia. [more]

Dichelostemma

Herbs, perennial, scapose, from fibrous-coated corms. Leaves 1-5, basal; blade narrowly lanceolate, usually keeled and channeled, margins entire. Scape solitary, usually weak, curved to twining, cylindrical, smooth to scabrous. Inflorescences umbellate or racemose, usually dense, 2-20-flowered, bracteate; bracts 2-4, ± papery, not enclosing flower buds. Flowers: perianth 6-tepaled, distinctly connate proximally into tube, tube cylindrical, ovoid, or campanulate, occasionally globose or urceolate, soft, limb lobes similar; perianth appendages arising from intersection of perianth tube and limb lobes, leaning toward or away from anthers, forming corona; anthers basifixed, held close to style; stamens 3 (6 in Dichelostemma capitatum), epitepalous; filaments entirely adnate to perianth tube; staminodia absent (except in D. volubile) ; pistil 3-carpellate; ovary superior, sessile or stipitate, 3-locular, ovules several; style 1; stigma weakly 3-lobed; pedicel erect or flexuous, articulate beneath perianth, usually shorter than flowers. Fruits capsular, 3-angled, usually ovoid, firm, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, sharply angled, coat with crust. x = 9 (8 in D. ida-maia).[3] [more]

Ditaxis

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Macaranga

Macaranga is a large of Old World tropical trees of the family Euphorbiaceae and the only genus in the subtribe Macaranginae. Native to Africa, Australasia, Asia and the South Pacific, the genus comprises over 300 different species. These plants are noted for being recolonizers. [more]

Mallotus

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Mercurialis

[more]

Ricinus

A Genus in the Kingdom Plantae. [more]

Tragia

Tragia is a of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises about one hundred species found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Plants in this genus are sometimes known as noseburns. [more]

At least 185 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Tragia.

More info about the Genus Tragia may be found here.

Bibliography

[ Back to top ]

Footnotes

[ Back to top ]
  1. Richard S. Hunt "Abies". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  2. "Acantholimon". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 193. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. J. Chris Pires "Dichelostemma". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 53, 55, 321, 328, 329, 331, 332. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

[ Back to top ]
Last Revised: November 19, 2008