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Tettigoniidae

(Family)

Overview

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The family Tettigoniidae, known in American English as katydids and in British English as bush-crickets, contains more than 6,400 species. It is part of the suborder Ensifera and the only family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea. They are also known as long-horned grasshoppers, although they are more closely related to crickets than to grasshoppers.

Katydid emulating a leaf

Many tettigoniids exhibit mimicry and camouflage, commonly with shapes and colors similar to leaves.

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Tettigoniids may be distinguished from grasshoppers by the length of their filamentous antennae, which may exceed their own body length, while grasshoppers' antennae are always relatively short and thickened.

The males of tettigoniids have sound-producing organs (via stridulation) located on the hind angles of their front wings. In some species females are also capable of stridulation. The males provide a nuptial gift for the females in the form of a spermatophylax, a body attached to the males' spermatophore which is consumed by the female. The function of the spermatophylax is to increase the attachment time of the males' spermatophore and thereby increase his paternity.[1]

The eggs of tettigoniids are typically oval shaped and laid in rows on the host plant.

Distribution

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There are about 255 species in North America, but the majority of species live in the tropical regions of the world.

Ecology

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The diet of tettigoniids includes leaves, flowers, bark, and seeds, but many species are exclusively predatory, feeding on other insects, snails or even small vertebrates such as snakes and lizards. Some are also considered pests by commercial crop growers and are sprayed to limit growth. Large tettigoniids can inflict a painful bite or pinch if handled but seldom break the skin.

Some species of bush crickets are consumed by people, like the nsenene (Ruspolia baileyi) in Uganda and neighbouring areas.

Reproductive behavior

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The reproductive behavior of bush crickets has been studied in great depth. Studies conducted in 2010 at the University of Derby by Karim Vahed, Darren Parker and James Gilbert found that the Tuberous Bushcricket (Platycleis affinis) has the largest testes in proportion to body mass of any animal recorded. They account for 14% of the insect's body mass and are thought to enable a fast re-mating rate.[2]

Classification

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Front-side view of a mature tettigoniid.

Tettigoniidae is a large family and has been divided into a number of subfamilies:

  • Acridoxeninae
  • Agraeciinae
  • Austrosaginae
  • Bradyporinae
  • Conocephalinae
  • Copiphorinae
  • Decticinae
  • Ephippigerinae
  • Hetrodinae
  • Lipotactinae
  • Listroscelidinae
  • Meconematinae
  • Mecopodinae
  • Microtettigoniinae
  • Phaneropterinae
  • Phasmodinae
  • Phyllophorinae
  • Pseudophyllinae
  • Saginae
  • Tettigoniinae
  • Tympanophorinae
  • Zaprochilinae

The family name is based on the genus Tettigonia, which is New Latin (Linnaeus, 1748), and derives from the Greek tett?? (tett??-), a cicada.[3]

ime of the males' spermatophore and thereby increase his paternity.[1]

The eggs of tettigoniids are typically oval shaped and laid in rows on the host plant.

Distribution

[ Back to top ]

There are about 255 species in North America, but the majority of species live in the tropical regions of the world.

Ecology

[ Back to top ]

The diet of tettigoniids includes leaves, flowers, bark, and seeds, but many species are exclusively predatory, feeding on other insects, snails or even small vertebrates such as snakes and lizards. Some are also considered pests by commercial crop growers and are sprayed to limit growth. Large tettigoniids can inflict a painful bite or pinch if handled but seldom break the skin.

Some species of bush crickets are consumed by people, like the nsenene (Ruspolia baileyi) in Uganda and neighbouring areas.

Reproductive behavior

[ Back to t op ]

The reproductive behavior of bush crickets has been studied in great depth. Studies conducted in 2010 at the University of Derby by Karim Vahed, Darren Parker and James Gilbert found that the Tuberous Bushcricket (Platycleis affinis) has the largest testes in proportion to body mass of any animal recorded. They account for 14% of the insect's body mass and are thought to enable a fast re-mating rate.[2]

Classification

[ Back to top ]
Front-side view of a mature tettigoniid.

Tettigoniidae is a large family and has been divided into a number of subfamilies:

  • Acridoxeninae
  • Agraeciinae
  • Austrosaginae
  • Bradyporinae
  • Conocephalinae
  • Copiphorinae
  • Decticinae
  • Ephippigerinae
  • Hetrodinae
  • Lipotactinae
  • Listroscelidinae
  • Meconematinae
  • Mecopodinae
  • Microtettigoniinae
  • Phaneropterinae
  • Phasmodinae
  • Phyllophorinae
  • Pseudophyllinae
  • Saginae
  • Tettigoniinae
  • Tympanophorinae
  • Zaprochilinae

The family name is based on the genus Tettigonia, which is New Latin (Linnaeus, 1748), and derives from the Greek tett?? (tett??-), a cicada.[3]

References

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  1. ^ Karim Vahed (1998). "The function of nuptial feeding in insects: review of empirical studies" (PDF). Biological Reviews 73: 43?78. doi:10.1017/S0006323197005112. http://www.famu.org/mayfly/pubs/zor/zorpub_vahedk1998p45.pdf. 
  2. ^ Vahed, K., D. J. Parker, and J. D. J. Gilbert. (2010) Larger testes are associated with a higher level of polyandry, but a smaller ejaculate volume, across bushcricket species (Tettigoniidae). Biology Letters. http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2010/10/21/rsbl.2010.0840.short?rss=1
  3. ^ "Family Tettigoniidae ? Katydids". BugGuide.net. February 1, 2008. http://bugguide.net/node/view/164. Retrieved July 26, 2010. 

External links

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Taxonomy

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The Family Tettigoniidae is a member of the Superfamily Tettigonioidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Tettigoniidae:

The Family Tettigoniidae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Abaxinicephora

[more]

Abaxisotima

[more]

Abrodiaeta

[more]

Acanthacara

[more]

Acantheremus

[more]

Acanthodiphrus

[more]

Acanthodis

[more]

Acanthoplus

Acanthoplus is a genus of katydid. [more]

Acanthoprion

[more]

Acanthoproctus

[more]

Acanthorhinischia

[more]

Acauloplacella

[more]

Acauloplax

[more]

Acilacris

[more]

Acosmetura

[more]

Acra

[more]

Acrephyllum

[more]

Acridoxena

[more]

Acripeza

Acripeza is genus of insects in the Tettigoniidae family. [more]

Acrodectes

[more]

Acrodonta

Iguania is the suborder of Squamata (snakes and lizards) that contains the iguanas, chameleons, agamids, and "New World lizards" such as anoles and Phrynosomatidae. The Iguania were previously believed to form the sister group to the remainder of the Squamata based on morphological characteristics, however molecular information has placed Iguania well within the Squamata as sister taxa to the Anguimorpha and closely related to snakes. They are largely arboreal and have primitively fleshy, non-prehensile tongues, but this condition is obviously highly modified in the chameleons. Traditionally, the clade includes the following families:: [more]

Acrometopa

[more]

Acrophyllum

Acrophyllum may refer to: [more]

Acropsis

[more]

Acyrophyllum

[more]

Acyrtaspis

[more]

Adapantus

[more]

Adeclus

[more]

Adenes

[more]

Aegimia

[more]

Aemasia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[1] [more]

Aerotegmina

[more]

Aethiomerus

[more]

Afghanoptera

[more]

Africariola

[more]

Afroconema

[more]

Afrodrymadusa

[more]

Afromeconema

[more]

Afromecopoda

[more]

Afrophisis

[more]

Aganacris

[more]

Agaurella

[more]

Agennis

[more]

Aglaothorax

Aglaothorax is a genus of insect in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Agnapha

[more]

Agraecia

[more]

Albertisiella

Pouteria is a genus of flowering trees in the gutta-percha family, Sapotaceae. The genus is widespread throughout the tropical regions of the world. It includes the Canistel (P. campechiana), the Mamey Sapote (P. sapota) and the L?cuma (P. splendens). Commonly, this genus is known as pouteria trees or, in some cases, eggfruits. [more]

Alfredectes

[more]

Alinjarria

[more]

Alison

Alison is a for a female. It was originally a medieval Norman nickname for Alice, meaning "truth," "noble," or "noble type." Also from the Irish name, Iseult. Variations include Allison, Allyson, Alysson, Alyson, Alison and Alisson with nicknames Allie, Ali, Ally, Aly and Alli. It also has separate roots as a family name, in which case when used as a given name is traditionally masculine, and is of disputed meaning. [more]

Alloducetia

[more]

Allomenus

[more]

Alloteratura

[more]

Alloxiphidiopsis

[more]

Amacroxiphus

[more]

Amblycorypha

[more]

Amblylakis

[more]

Amiltonia

[more]

Ammoxenulus

[more]

Amphiestris

[more]

Amytta

[more]

Amyttacta

[more]

Amyttella

[more]

Amyttopsis

[more]

Amyttosa

[more]

Anabrus

[more]

Anadolua

[more]

Anadrymadusa

[more]

Analota

[more]

Anapolisia

[more]

Anarytropteris

[more]

Anatlanticus

[more]

Anaulacomera

[more]

Anaulocomera

[more]

Anchispora

[more]

Ancistrocercus

[more]

Ancylecha

[more]

Andreiniimon

[more]

Anelytra

[more]

Anepisceptus

[more]

Anepitacta

[more]

Angara

The Angara River (Russian: ) is a 1,779 kilometers (1,105 mi) long river in Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai, south-east Siberia, Russia. It is the only river flowing out of Lake Baikal, and is the headwater tributary of the Yenisei River. [more]

Aniara

Aniara (full original title: Aniara : en revy om m?nniskan i tid och rum) is a poem of science fiction written by the Swedish Nobel laureate Harry Martinson in 1956. It was published on 13 October 1956. The title comes from ancient Greek ???a???, "sad, despairing", plus special resonances that the sound "a" had for Martinson. [more]

Aniarella

[more]

Anisophya

[more]

Anisotochra

[more]

Anoedopoda

[more]

Anommatoptera

[more]

Anonconotus

[more]

Anonistus

[more]

Antaxius

[more]

Anterastes

[more]

Anthophiloptera

[more]

Anthracites

Bionic Woman is an American science fiction television drama created by David Eick, under NBC Universal Television Group, GEP Productions and David Eick Productions that aired in 2007. The series is a re-imagining of the original television series, The Bionic Woman, created by Kenneth Johnson and based upon the novel Cyborg by Martin Caidin, and retains its forebear's premise while taking on a more contemporary setting. David Eick also serves as executive producer alongside Laeta Kalogridis and Jason Smilovic. [more]

Anthracopsis

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Antillophyllum

[more]

Antipodectes

[more]

Apereisis

[more]

Apholidoptera

[more]

Aphractus

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Aphroptera

[more]

Apoballa

[more]

Apocerycta

[more]

Apoecides

[more]

Apolinaria

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Apote

[more]

Aprosphylus

[more]

Apteropedetes

[more]

Apteroscirtus

[more]

Apteroteleutias

[more]

Arachnacris

[more]

Arachnitus

[more]

Arachnoscelis

[more]

Aracuincola

[more]

Arantia

[more]

Arethaea

[more]

Ariagona

[more]

Arnobia

[more]

Aroegas

[more]

Arota

[more]

Arrhenotettix

[more]

Arytropteris

[more]

Asbolomma

[more]

Asiophlugis

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Aspidonotus

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Aspidopygia

[more]

Astathomima

[more]

Asymmetricercus

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Ateloplus

[more]

Atlanticus

[more]

Atlasacris

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Atopana

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Aulocrania

[more]

Austrodectes

[more]

Austrodontura

[more]

Austromecopoda

[more]

Austrophlugis

[more]

Austrosaga

Austrosaga is a genus of insect in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Austrosalomona

[more]

Axizicus

[more]

Axylus

Axylus (??????) is mentioned in Book VI of Homer's Iliad. [more]

Azamia

[more]

Baetica

Hispania Baetica was one of three Imperial Roman provinces in Hispania, (modern Iberia). Hispania Baetica was bordered to the west by Lusitania, and to the northeast by Hispania Tarraconensis. Baetica was part of Al-Andalus under the Moors in the 8th century and approximately corresponds to modern Andalucia. Its capital was Corduba [more]

Balboana

[more]

Baliophyllum

[more]

Balneum

Balneum is a genus of bush cricket in family Tettigoniidae subfamily Phaneropterinae. [more]

Banza

[more]

Barraza

[more]

Baryprostha

[more]

Batodromeus

[more]

Beierella

[more]

Beiericolya

[more]

Beieroschema

[more]

Beierotettix

[more]

Belocephalus

Belocephalus is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Bentius

[more]

Bergiola

[more]

Bertius

[more]

Bertoniella

[more]

Bicolorana

[more]

Bienkoxenus

[more]

Biproctis

[more]

Biroa

[more]

Bispinolakis

[more]

Bliastes

[more]

Bliastonotideus

[more]

Bliastonotus

[more]

Bolivariola

[more]

Bolua

[more]

Bongeia

[more]

Borinquenula

[more]

Brachyamytta

[more]

Brachyauchenus

[more]

Brachybliastes

[more]

Brachyinsara

[more]

Brachyphisis

[more]

Brachyteleutias

[more]

Bradyopisthius

[more]

Bradyornis

[more]

Bradyporus

[more]

Brinckiella

[more]

Brochopeplus

[more]

Broughtonia

Broughtonia is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae) of the Greater Antilles. The genus is abbreviated Bro in trade journals. [more]

Brunneana

[more]

Brunneriana

[more]

Brycoptera

[more]

Bucephaloptera

[more]

Bucrates

[more]

Bueacola

[more]

Buettneria

[more]

Bufotettix

[more]

Bulbistridulous

[more]

Burgilis

[more]

Burnuia

[more]

Caedicia

[more]

Calamoptera

[more]

Callicrania

[more]

Callimenus

[more]

Callinsara

[more]

Calliphona

[more]

Calopsyra

[more]

Calopterusa

[more]

Caloxiphus

[more]

Camposiella

[more]

Canariola

[more]

Capnobotes

[more]

Caribophyllum

[more]

Carliella

[more]

Carliphisis

[more]

Carnavalia

[more]

Casigneta

[more]

Catoptropteryx

[more]

Caulopsis

[more]

Cecidophagula

[more]

Cedarbergeniana

[more]

Celidophylla

[more]

Centrocephalus

[more]

Centrofera

[more]

Cephalophlugis

[more]

Ceraeocercus

[more]

Ceraia

[more]

Ceraiaella

[more]

Ceratopompa

[more]

Cerberodon

[more]

Ceresia

[more]

Cestromoecha

[more]

Cestrophorus

[more]

Cethomadarus

[more]

Championica

[more]

Chandozhinskia

[more]

Characta

[more]

Charisoma

[more]

Chibchella

[more]

Chinnandectes

[more]

Chizuella

[more]

Chloracantha

Perennials or subshrubs (commonly appearing herbaceous), 50-150(-250) cm, sometimes glaucous, glabrous or glabrate (forming large clones; stoutly rhizomatous). Stems erect (strict), lateral branches sharply ascending, often modified to thorns. Leaves cauline (early withering) ; alternate; sessile; blades 1-nerved, oblanceolate, margins entire or rarely with 1-2 pairs of small teeth. Heads radiate, borne singly in loose corymbo-paniculiform arrays. Involucres broadly turbinate to hemispheric, 4.5-7.5 × 5-6 mm. Phyllaries 20-55 in 4-5 series, (1-) 3(-5) parallel-nerved (nerves orange-resinous; flat), oblong-elliptic to lanceolate, unequal, margins hyaline (apices rounded to lanceolate), faces glabrous. Receptacles shallowly convex, smooth, epaleate. Ray florets 20-33 in 1(-2) series, pistillate, fertile; corollas white (coiling at maturity). Disc florets (13-) 20-70, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow (with orange resin ducts), tubes 2 times longer than narrowly funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to spreading, deltate; style-branch appendages acute to deltate. Cypselae fusiform-cylindric, slightly compressed, 5(-6) -nerved, faces glabrous; pappi persistent, of 30-60 tawny, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1-2 series, usually plus shorter outer setae. x = 9.[2] [more]

Chloracris

[more]

Chlorobalius

[more]

Chlorodectes

[more]

Chloroscirtus

[more]

Choeroparnops

[more]

Choirorhynchus

[more]

Chondrodera

[more]

Chondroderella

[more]

Chondrosternum

[more]

Chrysobliastes

[more]

Clasma

[more]

Clepsydronotus

[more]

Climacoptera

[more]

Clinopleura

[more]

Cloanthella

[more]

Clonia

[more]

Cloniella

[more]

Cnemidophyllum

[more]

Cobalotettix

[more]

Cocconotus

[more]

Cojedebius

[more]

Colobotettix

[more]

Colossopus

[more]

Conanalus

Conchotopoda

[more]

Condylocnemis

[more]

Coniungoptera

[more]

Conocephaloides

[more]

Conocephalomima

[more]

Conocephalus

A conehead is a in the genus Conocephalus. [more]

Cononicephora

[more]

Conversifastigia

Copiphora

[more]

Copiphorini

[more]

Coptaspis

[more]

Corycoides

[more]

Corycomima

[more]

Corymeta

[more]

Corynecercus

[more]

Coryphoda

[more]

Coryphodes

[more]

Coryphodonta

[more]

Cosmetura

[more]

Cosmoderus

[more]

Cosmophyllum

[more]

Cosmozoma

[more]

Cratioma

[more]

Ctenodecticus

[more]

Ctenophorema

[more]

Currimundria

Cycloptera

Cymatomera

[more]

Cymatomerella

[more]

Cyrtaspis

[more]

Cyrtophyllicus

[more]

Cyrtopsis

[more]

Daedalellus

[more]

Daedalus

Damalacantha

[more]

Dapanera

[more]

Dasycercodes

[more]

Dasylistroscelis

[more]

Dasyphleps

[more]

Dasyscelidius

[more]

Dasyscelus

[more]

Debrona

[more]

Decma

[more]

Decolya

[more]

Decticita

[more]

Decticoides

[more]

Decticus

[more]

Dectinomima

[more]

Deflorita

[more]

Delodusa

[more]

Depressacca

[more]

Deracantha

[more]

Deracanthella

[more]

Deracanthina

[more]

Desaulcya

[more]

Despoina

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Dexerra

[more]

Diacanthodis

[more]

Diaphlebopsis

[more]

Diaphlebus

[more]

Diastella

[more]

Diastellidea

[more]

Dichopetala

[more]

Dicranacrus

[more]

Dicranopsyra

[more]

Dicranostomus

[more]

Dinoteratura

[more]

Diogena

[more]

Dioncomena

[more]

Diophanes

[more]

Diplodontopus

[more]

Diplopygia

[more]

Disceratus

[more]

Dithela

[more]

Diyllus

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Docidocercus

[more]

Dolichocercus

[more]

Dorycoryphus

[more]

Drepanophyllum

[more]

Drepanoxiphus

[more]

Dreuxia

[more]

Drymadusa

[more]

Drymadusella

[more]

Drymapedes

[more]

Ducetia

[more]

Dysmorpha

[more]

Dysonia

[more]

Ebneria

[more]

Ectadia

[more]

Ectemna

[more]

Ectomoptera

[more]

Ectopistidectes

[more]

Ecuaneduba

Elasmocercus

[more]

Elasmometopus

[more]

Elbenia

[more]

Elephantodeta

[more]

Elimaea

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[3] [more]

Ellatodon

[more]

Elumiana

[more]

Elytraspis

[more]

Encalypta

Plants small to medium sized, frequently gregarious. Stems irregularly branched, occasionally tomentose; central strand absent or weakly differentiated. Leaves oblong, elliptic, narrowly spathulate or occasionally lanceolate; apex broadly acute to rounded, mucronate to hair-pointed, occasionally cucullate; margins plane to weakly recurved on one or both sides, entire; costa single, subpercurrent to long-excurrent, awn smooth, hyaline; distal laminal cells more or less quadrate, papillose on one or both exposed surfaces with several large, branching or C-shaped papillae; marginal cells sometimes longer proximally, forming a very weak border; basal cells long-rectangular, thin-walled, generally smooth, cross walls frequently distinctly colored. Sexual condition autoicous. Seta elongate, smooth, brown to red or dark red. Capsule generally long-exserted or just emergent, erect to inclined, cylindric, smooth or distinctly furrowed; gymnostomous or peristomate, stomata few; peristome single, double or absent, exostome frequently reduced to small, irregular projections or teeth long, narrow, papillose; operculum usually conic-rostrate. Calyptra smooth or papillose distally or frequently only on rostrum, entire, fringed or lacerate below, fringe small or well developed. Spores generally large, ornamentation papillose to warty, or ridged.[4] [more]

Encentra

[more]

Enconocephalus

Enconocephalusverification needed] is a genus of insect in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Engonia

[more]

Enochletica

[more]

Enoplocephalacris

[more]

Entacanthodes

[more]

Enthacanthodes

Enthephippion

[more]

Enyaliopsis

[more]

Eobiana

[more]

Eoxizicus

[more]

Ephippiger

[more]

Ephippigerida

[more]

Ephippitytha

[more]

Ephippitythoidea

[more]

Episattus

[more]

Eppia

[more]

Eppioides

[more]

Erechthis

[more]

Eremopedes

[more]

Erioloides

[more]

Eriolus

[more]

Eschatoceras

[more]

Estrinia

[more]

Euanisous

[more]

Eubliastes

[more]

Eucatopta

[more]

Eucaulopsis

[more]

Euceraia

[more]

Eucocconotideus

[more]

Eucocconotus

[more]

Euconchophora

[more]

Euconocephalus

[more]

Euconocercus

[more]

Eucoptaspis

[more]

Eugaster

[more]

Eugasteroides

[more]

Euhexacentrus

[more]

Eulioptera

[more]

Eulithoxenus

[more]

Eulophophyllum

[more]

Eumacroxiphus

[more]

Eumecopoda

[more]

Eumecopterus

[more]

Eupholidoptera

[more]

Euryastes

[more]

Eurycorypha

[more]

Eurygnathus

Eurymetopa

[more]

Euthypoda

[more]

Euxenica

[more]

Euxiphidion

[more]

Euxiphidiopsis

[more]

Evergoderes

[more]

Ewanella

[more]

Execholyrus

[more]

Exodrymadusa

[more]

Exopholidoptera

[more]

Exora

[more]

Falcidectes

[more]

Farsodecticus

[more]

Fatuhivella

[more]

Ferganusa

[more]

Ferreiraia

[more]

Festella

[more]

Furnia

[more]

Gabonella

[more]

Gallienia

[more]

Galloa

[more]

Gampsocleis

[more]

Gatunella

[more]

Gelatopoiidion

[more]

Gelotopoia

Geonotus

[more]

Gibbomeconema

[more]

Glenbalodectes

[more]

Glenophisis

[more]

Glyphonotus

[more]

Gnathoclita

[more]

Godmanella

[more]

Goethalsiella

[more]

Goetia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Gonamytta

[more]

Gonatacanthus

[more]

Gonatoxia

[more]

Gongrocnemis

[more]

Gonyatopus

[more]

Goodangarkia

Graminofolium

Grammadera

[more]

Gravenreuthia

[more]

Gregoryella

[more]

Gressittiella

[more]

Griffiniana

[more]

Grigoriora

[more]

Gryporhynchium

[more]

Gryporhynchus

Gymnoproctus

[more]

Gymnoscirtus

[more]

Habetia

[more]

Habra

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[5] [more]

Habrocomes

[more]

Haemodiasma

[more]

Haenschiella

[more]

Hammatofera

[more]

Hapalophyllum

Harposcepa

[more]

Harroweria

[more]

Helicocercus

[more]

Hemielimaea

[more]

Hemigyrus

[more]

Hemihetrodes

[more]

Heminicsara

[more]

Hemisaga

Hemisaga is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Herbardius

[more]

Hermoniana

[more]

Hetaira

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Heteraprium

[more]

Hetrodes

[more]

Hexacentrus

[more]

Himertula

[more]

Holochlira

Holochlora

[more]

Homalaspidia

[more]

Homotoicha

[more]

Hoplidostylus

[more]

Hoplotettix

[more]

Horatosphaga

[more]

Hubbellia

[more]

Hueikaeana

[more]

Huona

[more]

Hyperhomala

[more]

Hyperomerus

[more]

Hyperophora

[more]

Hyperphrona

[more]

Hyphinomos

[more]

Hypsopedes

[more]

Idiarthron

[more]

Idionotus

[more]

Idiostatus

Idiostatus is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Incanotus

[more]

Indiamba

[more]

Indogneta

[more]

Indokuzicus

[more]

Insara

[more]

Inscudderia

[more]

Inyodectes

[more]

Iranusa

[more]

Ischnomela

[more]

Ischnophyllus

[more]

Ischyra

[more]

Isocarliella

[more]

Isoimon

[more]

Isopsera

[more]

Itarissa

[more]

Itauna

[more]

Itokiia

[more]

Ityocephala

[more]

Ivensia

[more]

Ixalodectes

Ixalodectes is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Jamaicana

[more]

Jamaicoecia

[more]

Jambiliara

[more]

Japygophana

[more]

Kansua

[more]

Karniella

[more]

Karukerana

[more]

Kawanaphila

[more]

Kawanphila

Kawanphila is a of insects in family Tettigoniidae (Katydids and Bush crickets). It contains the following species: [more]

Kevaniella

[more]

Kevanophisis

[more]

Khaoyaiana

[more]

Kheilia

[more]

Kinkiconocephalopsis

[more]

Kirkaldyus

[more]

Kopis

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Koroglus

[more]

Kurandoptera

Kurdia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Kuwayamaea

[more]

Kuzicus

[more]

Labidocercus

[more]

Labugama

[more]

Lacipoda

[more]

Ladnea

[more]

Lagarodes

[more]

Lamecosoma

[more]

Lamniceps

[more]

Lamprophyllum

[more]

Lanciana

[more]

Lanista

A gladiator (Latin: , "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their legal and social standing and their lives by appearing in the arena. Most were despised as slaves, schooled under harsh conditions, socially marginalized, and segregated even in death. [more]

Lea

[more]

Leiobliastes

[more]

Leiodontocercus

[more]

Lenkoia

[more]

Leproscirtus

[more]

Leptoderes

[more]

Leptodusa

[more]

Leptophyoides

[more]

Leptoteleutias

[more]

Leptoteratura

[more]

Leptotettix

[more]

Lesina

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Letana

[more]

Leucopodoptera

[more]

Leurophyllidium

[more]

Leurophyllum

[more]

Liara

[more]

Liaromorpha

[more]

Lichenochrus

[more]

Lichnofugia

[more]

Ligocatinus

[more]

Liliella

[more]

Liocentrum

[more]

Liosternus

[more]

Liostethomimus

[more]

Liostethus

[more]

Liotrachela

[more]

Liparoscelis

[more]

Liparoscella

[more]

Lipotactes

[more]

Lipotactomimus

[more]

Lirometopum

[more]

Listroscelis

[more]

Lithodusa

[more]

Lithoxenus

[more]

Lobophyllus

[more]

Loboscelis

[more]

Loja

[more]

Lonchitophyllum

[more]

Lophaspis

[more]

Lubuksia

[more]

Lucienola

[more]

Luzoniella

[more]

Macedna

[more]

Machaira

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Machima

[more]

Machimoides

[more]

Macrochiton

[more]

Macrolyristes

[more]

Macrometopon

[more]

Macroxiphus

[more]

Mangomaloba

[more]

Marenestha

[more]

Margarodera

[more]

Markia

[more]

Mastigaphoides

[more]

Mastighapha

[more]

Mastophyllum

[more]

Matacus

Meconema

[more]

Meconemopsis

[more]

Mecopoda

[more]

Medecticus

[more]

Megalodon

Megalotheca

[more]

Megatympanon

[more]

Megotoessa

[more]

Meiophisis

[more]

Melanonotus

[more]

Melanophoxus

[more]

Melidia

[more]

Mendesius

[more]

Meneghalia

[more]

Meneghelia

[more]

Meroncidius

[more]

Meruterrana

[more]

Mesagraecia

[more]

Mesaphyllum

[more]

Metaballus

[more]

Metacaputus

[more]

Metaprosagoga

[more]

Metholce

[more]

Metrioptera

Metrioptera is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Microcentrum

[more]

Microconocephalopsis

[more]

Microdrymadusa

[more]

Microsalomona

[more]

Microsasima

[more]

Microtettigonia

[more]

Micta

[more]

Milititsa

[more]

Miltinobates

[more]

Mimetica

[more]

Mimoscudderia

[more]

Mioacris

[more]

Miramiola

[more]

Mirollia

[more]

Mixodusa

[more]

Molpa

[more]

Moncheca

[more]

Mongolodectes

[more]

Monocerophora

[more]

Montana

Monteiroa

[more]

Montesa

[more]

Montezumina

[more]

Monticolaria

[more]

Morgenia

[more]

Mormotus

[more]

Morsimus

[more]

Mortoniellus

[more]

Mossula

[more]

Mossuloides

[more]

Mustius

[more]

Mygalopsis

[more]

Myllocentrum

[more]

Mylothrella

[more]

Myopophyllum

[more]

Myrmeciophyllum

[more]

Mystron

[more]

Nahlaksia

[more]

Namaquadectes

[more]

Nannagroecia

[more]

Nannonotus

[more]

Nannotettix

[more]

Nanodectes

Nanodectes is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Narea

[more]

Naskreckiella

Nastonotus

[more]

Natagaima

[more]

Natricia

[more]

Neacrodonta

Neduba

Neduba is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Nemoricultrix

[more]

Neobarrettia

[more]

Neocallicrania

Neochiton

[more]

Neoconocephalus

[more]

Neocononicephora

[more]

Neodiaphlebus

[more]

Neogampsocleis

[more]

Neophisis

[more]

Neoxizicus

[more]

Nephoptera

[more]

Nesocnemis

[more]

Nesoecia

Nesokatoikos

Nesonotus

[more]

Nesophyllidium

[more]

Nesoscirtella

[more]

Nicephora

[more]

Nicsara

[more]

Niphella

[more]

Nipponomeconema

[more]

Noia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[6] [more]

Novadrymadusa

[more]

Nukuhivella

[more]

Ocana

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[7] [more]

Oceaniphisis

[more]

Ocica

[more]

Odontoconus

[more]

Odontocoryphus

[more]

Odontolakis

[more]

Odontophlugis

[more]

Odontoxiphidium

[more]

Odonturoides

[more]

Oediphisis

[more]

Olcinia

[more]

Oligodectes

[more]

Oligodectoides

[more]

Omkoiana

[more]

Ommatoptera

[more]

Oncodopus

[more]

Onconotus

Onconotus is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Onomarchus

[more]

Onychopygia

[more]

Opetiocercus

[more]

Opisthodicrus

[more]

Orchelimum

[more]

Orophilopsis

[more]

Orophus

[more]

Orophyllus

[more]

Orpacanthophora

[more]

Orphania

[more]

Orthocercodes

[more]

Oxyaspis

[more]

Oxycalypta

[more]

Oxyecous

[more]

Oxygonatium

[more]

Oxylakis

[more]

Oxyprora

[more]

Oxyprorella

[more]

Oxystethus

[more]

Ozphyllum

Pachysaga

Pachysaga is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Pachysmopoda

[more]

Pachytrachis

[more]

Palaeoagraecia

[more]

Panacanthus

[more]

Panoploscelis

[more]

Pantecphylus

[more]

Parableta

[more]

Parabucrates

[more]

Paracaedicia

[more]

Paracilacris

[more]

Paracoelophyllum

[more]

Paracora

[more]

Paracosmetura

[more]

Paracosmophyllum

[more]

Paracycloptera

[more]

Paracyrtophyllus

[more]

Paradeclus

[more]

Paradecolya

[more]

Paradiaphlebopsis

[more]

Paradiaphlebus

[more]

Paradrymadusa

[more]

Paraducetia

[more]

Paragnapha

[more]

Paragraecia

[more]

Parahexacentrus

[more]

Paralichenochrus

[more]

Paralistroscelis

[more]

Paralobaspis

[more]

Paramacroxiphus

[more]

Paramorsimus

[more]

Paramossula

[more]

Paranelytra

[more]

Parangara

[more]

Paranicephora

[more]

Paranicsara

[more]

Parapelerinus

Paraperopyrrhicia

[more]

Paraphidnia

[more]

Paraphisis

[more]

Parapholidoptera

[more]

Paraphractus

[more]

Paraphrictidea

[more]

Paraphyllomimus

[more]

Paraphylloptera

[more]

Parapleminia

[more]

Parapoecilimon

[more]

Parapolichne

[more]

Parapsyra

[more]

Parapyrrhicia

[more]

Pararota

[more]

Parasanaa

[more]

Parasasima

[more]

Parascopioricus

[more]

Parascudderia

[more]

Parasimodera

[more]

Parasubria

[more]

Paraterpnistria

[more]

Parateuthras

[more]

Paratlanticus

[more]

Paraviadana

[more]

Paraxantia

Paraxiphidium

[more]

Paraxizicus

Pardalota

[more]

Parerechthis

[more]

Paroxylakis

[more]

Paroxyprora

[more]

Paulianacris

[more]

Pedinostethus

[more]

Pedinothorax

[more]

Pediodectes

[more]

Pelecynotum

[more]

Pelerinus

[more]

Peracca

[more]

Peranabrus

[more]

Percyna

[more]

Peringueyella

[more]

Peronura

[more]

Peropyrrhicia

[more]

Perteus

[more]

Petaloptera

[more]

Petropedes

[more]

Pezochiton

[more]

Pezodrymadusa

[more]

Phaneracra

[more]

Phanerocercus

[more]

Phaneroptera

[more]

Phaneropterella

[more]

Phaneropterinae

[more]

Phaneropteroides

[more]

Phaneropterops

[more]

Phaneroptila

[more]

Phanischnoptera

[more]

Phasmodes

Phasmodes is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Phaulula

[more]

Philippicentrus

[more]

Philmontis

[more]

Philophyllia

[more]

Philoscirtus

[more]

Phisis

[more]

Phlaurocentrum

[more]

Phlesirtes

[more]

Phlugidia

[more]

Phlugiola

[more]

Phlugiolopsis

[more]

Phlugis

[more]

Phoebolampta

[more]

Pholidoptera

[more]

Phonochorion

[more]

Phoxacris

[more]

Phricta

[more]

Phrictaeformia

[more]

Phrictaetypus

[more]

Phrictidea

[more]

Phrixa

[more]

Phygela

[more]

Phyllomimus

[more]

Phyllopectis

[more]

Phyllophora

A genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[8] [more]

Phyllophorella

[more]

Phyllophorina

[more]

Phylloptera

[more]

Phyllostachydius

[more]

Phyllozelus

[more]

Phyrama

[more]

Physocorypha

[more]

Phytodrymadusa

[more]

Pirmeda

[more]

Plagiopleura

[more]

Plagiostira

[more]

Plangia

[more]

Plangiodes

[more]

Plangiola

[more]

Plangiopsis

[more]

Plastocorypha

[more]

Platenia

[more]

Platycaedicia

[more]

Platychiton

[more]

Platycleis

[more]

Platydecticus

[more]

Platylyra

[more]

Platyoplus

[more]

Platyphyllum

[more]

Platyproctidectes

[more]

Platystolus

[more]

Pleminia

[more]

Pleothrix

[more]

Plicigastra

[more]

Pluviasilva

[more]

Poascirtus

[more]

Podacanthophorus

[more]

Poecilimonella

[more]

Poecilogramma

[more]

Poecilomerus

[more]

Poecilopsyra

[more]

Polichne

[more]

Polichnodes

[more]

Polyancistroides

[more]

Polyancistrus

[more]

Polycleptidella

[more]

Polycleptis

[more]

Polygamus

[more]

Polyglochin

[more]

Polyurena

[more]

Pomatonota

[more]

Poreuomena

[more]

Porphyromma

[more]

Praephippigera

[more]

Pravdiniana

[more]

Pristonotus

[more]

Proamytta

[more]

Procaedicia

[more]

Prohimerta

[more]

Promeca

[more]

Pronomapyga

[more]

Prosphaga

[more]

Protina

[more]

Proviadana

[more]

Psacadonotus

Psacadonotus is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Psalmatophanes

[more]

Pseudacanthoprion

[more]

Pseudacrodonta

[more]

Pseudoburgilis

[more]

Pseudokuzicus

[more]

Pseudoliara

[more]

Pseudomacroxiphus

[more]

Pseudonicsara

[more]

Pseudophaneroptera

[more]

Pseudophrictaetypus

[more]

Pseudophyllanax

[more]

Pseudophyllinae

[more]

Pseudophyllomimus

[more]

Pseudophyllus

[more]

Pseudopleminia

[more]

Pseudopsyra

[more]

Pseudopyrrhizia

[more]

Pseudorhynchus

[more]

Pseudosaga

[more]

Pseudosubria

[more]

Pseudoteratura

[more]

Psilinsara

[more]

Psorodonotus

[more]

Psyrana

[more]

Pterochroza

[more]

Pterolepis

[more]

Pterophylla

[more]

Puerula

[more]

Pycnogaster

[more]

Pycnopalpa

[more]

Pyrgocorypha

[more]

Qinlingea

Quiva

[more]

Raggeana

[more]

Raggophyllum

[more]

Rammeola

[more]

Requena

[more]

Rhabdotophyllum

[more]

Rhachidorus

[more]

Rhacocleis

[more]

Rhacoptera

[more]

Rhammatopoda

[more]

Rhinischia

[more]

Rhinodera

[more]

Rhodopteryx

[more]

Rhomboptera

[more]

Rhynchocerus

[more]

Rhytidaspis

[more]

Rhytidogyne

[more]

Ruidocollaris

[more]

Ruspolia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Sacculiphallus

[more]

Saga

The sagas (word originating from Old Norse) are stories about ancient Scandinavian and Germanic history, about early Viking voyages, the battles that took place during the voyages, about migration to Iceland and of feuds between Icelandic families. They were written in the Old Norse language, mainly in Iceland. [more]

Sagephorus

[more]

Salomona

[more]

Sanaa

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Sanabria

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Santandera

Sasima

Sasima is a Roman Catholic titular see in the former Roman province of Cappadocia. [more]

Sasimella

[more]

Sasimoides

[more]

Sathrophyllia

[more]

Sathrophylliopsis

[more]

Scambophyllum

[more]

Scaphura

[more]

Schedocentrus

[more]

Schizonotinus

[more]

Schochia

Schochia sullivani is a primitive species of Taeniodont mammal from the early Paleocene of North America. [more]

Sciarasaga

[more]

Scolocerca

[more]

Scopioricus

[more]

Scopiorinus

[more]

Scotodrymadusa

[more]

Scudderia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[9] [more]

Scytocera

[more]

Scytoceroides

[more]

Secsiva

[more]

Segestes

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Segestidea

[more]

Semicarinata

Semileptotettix

[more]

Sexava

[more]

Shennongia

[more]

Shikokuconocephalopsis

[more]

Shirakisotima

[more]

Sialaiana

[more]

Sictuna

[more]

Sikoriella

[more]

Siliquofera

[more]

Siliquoferella

[more]

Simodera

[more]

Sinochlora

[more]

Sinocyrtaspis

[more]

Sinoxizicus

[more]

Spalacomimus

[more]

Spelaeala

[more]

Sphaeropyga

[more]

Sphagniana

[more]

Sphodrophoxus

[more]

Sphyrometopa

[more]

Sphyrophyllum

[more]

Spinapecta

[more]

Spinisternum

[more]

Steirodon

[more]

Steiroxys

[more]

Stenamblyphyllum

[more]

Stenampyx

[more]

Stenophyllia

[more]

Stenoschema

[more]

Stenotettix

[more]

Steropleurus

[more]

Sterphoter

[more]

Stetharasa

[more]

Stibaroptera

[more]

Stictophaula

[more]

Stilpnochlora

[more]

Stizoscepa

[more]

Strongyloderus

[more]

Stylomolpa

[more]

Subibulbistridulous

[more]

Subria

[more]

Subrioides

[more]

Sureyaella

[more]

Symmachis

[more]

Symmetropleura

[more]

Sympaestria

[more]

Sympaestroides

[more]

Syntechna

[more]

Tabangacris

[more]

Tabaria

Mazandaran Province (Persian: ?, Ostan-e Mazandaran ) is a Caspian province in the north of Iran. Located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, it is bordered clockwise by the Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, and Gilan provinces. [more]

Tadzhikia

[more]

Taiyalia

[more]

Tamdaopteron

[more]

Tamdaora

[more]

Tamolana

[more]

Tanusia

[more]

Tanusiella

[more]

Tapiena

[more]

Tegra

[more]

Tegrolcinia

[more]

Teleutias

Teleutias (Greek: ) was the brother of the Spartan king Agesilaus II, and a Spartan naval commander in the Corinthian War. He first saw action in the campaign to regain control of the Corinthian Gulf after the Spartan naval disaster at Cnidus in 394 BC, and was later active in the Spartan campaign against Argos in 391 BC. (It appears likely that Teleutias was navarch in 392/1 BC.) Later that year, he was dispatched to the Aegean to take command of a Spartan fleet harassing Rhodes. Once in command, he attacked and seized a small Athenian fleet sailing to aid Evagoras of Cyprus, then settled in to attack Rhodes with his newly augmented fleet. [more]

Temnophylloides

[more]

Temnophyllus

[more]

Teratura

[more]

Terpandrus

[more]

Terpnistria

[more]

Terpnistrioides

[more]

Tessellana

Tetana

[more]

Tetraconcha

[more]

Tetragonomera

[more]

Tettigonia

[more]

Tettigoniopsis

[more]

Teuthroides

[more]

Thamnobates

[more]

Thamnotrizon

[more]

Thaumaspis

[more]

Theia

In Greek mythology, Theia "goddess" or "divine" (sometimes written Thea or Thia), also called Euryphaessa "wide-shining," was a Titan. The name Theia alone means simply, "goddess"; Theia Euryphaessa () brings overtones of extent (e????, eurys, "wide", root: e???-/e??e-) and brightness (f???, phaos, "light", root: faes-). [more]

Theudoria

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Thliboscelus

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Thomazia

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Thoracistus

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Throscodectes

Throscodectes is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Thumelinia

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Thyreonotus

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Thyridorhoptrum

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Timanthes

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Tinzeda

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Tomeophera

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Tomias

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Topana

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Torbia

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Trachyzulpha

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Transkeidectes

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Trichophallus

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Trichotettix

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Triencentrus

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Trigonocorypha

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Tropicophyllum

Tropidonotacris

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Tropidophrys

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Turpilia

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Turpiliodes

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Tylopsis

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Tympanocompus

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Tympanophora

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Tympanophyllum

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Tympanoptera

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Tympanotriba

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Typhoptera

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Typophyllum

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Uberaba

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Uchuca

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Uludaghia

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Uromenus

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Uvarovina

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Uvarovistia

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Uvarovites

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Vellea

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Veria

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Vestria

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Vetralla

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Viadana

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Viriacca

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Vossia

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Wattenwyliella

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Weidnerius

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Weissenbornia

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Windbalea

Windbalea is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Xantia

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Xederra

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Xenica

Xenicola

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Xenodoxus

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Xerophyllopteryx

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Xestophrys

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Xestoptera

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Xingbaoia

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Xiphelimum

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Xiphidiola

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Xiphidiopsis

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Xiphidonema

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Xiphophyllum

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Xizicus

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Xyrdectes

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Yersinella

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Yullandria

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Yungasacris

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Yutjuwalia

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Zacatula

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Zacycloptera

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Zagrosiella

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Zaprochilus

Zaprochilus is a genus of in family Tettigoniidae. It contains the following species: [more]

Zenirella

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Zeuneria

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Zeuneriana

Zichya

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Zitsikama

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Zulpha

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Zuludectes

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Zumala

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At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Zumala.

More info about the Genus Zumala may be found here.

References

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  1. ^ Karim Vahed (1998). "The function of nuptial feeding in insects: review of empirical studies" (PDF). Biological Reviews 73: 43?78. doi:10.1017/S0006323197005112. http://www.famu.org/mayfly/pubs/zor/zorpub_vahedk1998p45.pdf. 
  2. ^ Vahed, K., D. J. Parker, and J. D. J. Gilbert. (2010) Larger testes are associated with a higher level of polyandry, but a smaller ejaculate volume, across bushcricket species (Tettigoniidae). Biology Letters. http://rsbl. royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2010/10/21/rsbl.2010.0840.short?rss=1
  3. ^ "Family Tettigoniidae ? Katydids". BugGuide.net. February 1, 2008. http://bugguide.net/node/view/164. Retrieved July 26, 2010. 

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=175870
  2. Scott D. Sundberg , Guy L. Nesom "Chloracantha". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 7, 16, 358. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Elimaea&search=Search
  4. "Encalypta". in Flora of North America Vol. 27 Page 10, 171, 172, 173, 265. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  5. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Habra&search=Search
  6. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Noia&search=Search
  7. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Ocana&search=Search
  8. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Phyllophora&search=Search
  9. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Scudderia&search=Search

Sources

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Last Revised: August 24, 2012
2012/08/24 13:44:37