Overview
Tantilla is a large genus of harmless colubrid snakes which includes 64 species commonly known as centipede snakes, blackhead snakes, and flathead snakes.
Tantilla are small snakes, rarely exceeding 8 inches in length. They are generally varying shades of brown, red or black in color. Some species have a brown body with a black head.
Behavior
Tantilla are nocturnal, secretive snakes. They spend most of their time buried in the moist leaf litter of semi-forested regions or under rocks and debris. Their diet consists primarily of invertebrates, including scorpions, centipedes, spiders, and various insects.
Species
- Barbour's Centipede Snake, Tantilla albiceps (Barbour, 1925) - Panama
- Boulenger's Cent ipede Snake, Tantilla alticola (Boulenger, 1903) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia
- Andes Centipede Snake, Tantilla andinista (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Tantilla armillata (Cope, 1876) - Costa Rica, El Salvador
- Mexican Blackhead Snake, Tantilla atriceps (G?nther, 1895) - USA (Arizona, Texas, New Mexico), northern Mexico
- Baird's Blackhead Snake, Tantilla bairdi (Stuart, 1941) - Guatemala
- Bocourt's Blackhead Snake, Tantilla bocourti (G?nther, 1895) - Mexico
- Tantilla boipiranga (Sawaya & Sazima, 2003) - Brazil
- Mertens' Centipede Snake, Tantilla brevicauda (Mertens, 1952) - El Salvador
- Briggs' Centipede Snake, Tantilla briggsi (Savitzky & Smith, 1971) - Mexico
- Pacific Coast Centipede Snake, Tantilla calamarina (Cope, 1876) - Mexico
- Capistrata Centipede Snake, Tantilla capistrata (Cope, 1876) - Peru
- Michoac?n Centipede Snake, Tantilla cascadae (Wilson & Meyer, 1981) - Mexico
- Tantilla ceboruca M?rquez et al., 2007 - Mexico
- Guerreran Centipede Snake, Tantilla coronadoi (Hartweg, 1944)
- Southeastern Crowned Snake, Tantilla coronata Baird & Girard, 1853 - southeastern United States
- Big Bend Blackhead Snake, Tantilla cucullata (Minton, 1956) - USA (Texas), Mexico
- Wilson's Centipede Snake, Tantilla cuesta (Wilson, 1982) - Guatemala
- Peten Centipede Snake, Tantilla cuniculator (H.M. Smith, 1939) - south Mexico, Belize, Guatemala
- Deppe's Centipede Snake, Tantilla deppei (Bocourt) - Mexico
- Tantilla deviatrix (Barbour, 1916) - Mexico
- Equator Centipede Snake, Tantilla equatoriana (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Yellow-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla flavilineata (H.M. Smith & Burger, 1950)
- Tantilla fraseri (G?nther, 1895) - Ecuador, Peru
- Flathead Snake, Tantilla gracilis (Baird & Girard, 1853) - southwest United States, northern Mexico[1]
- Peten Centipede Snake, Tantilla hendersoni (Stafford, 2004) - Belize
- Southwestern Blackhead Snake, Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor, 1936 - southwestern United States, northern Mexico
- Tantilla impensa (Campbell, 1998) - Guatemala
- Mountain Centipede Snake, Tantilla insulamontana (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Jan's Centipede Snake, Tantilla jani (G?nther, 1895) - Mexico, Guatemala
- Tantilla johnsoni (Wilson, Vaughn & Dixon, 1999) - Mexico
- Mena's Centipede Snake, Tantilla lempira (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Honduras
- , Tantilla longifrontalis (Boulenger, 1896) - Colombia, Ecuador
- Blackhead Snake, Tantilla melanocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) - Mexico, Central and South America.
- Tantilla mexicana (G?n ther, 1862) - Mexico, Guatemala
- Tantilla miyatai (Wilson & Knight, 1987) - Ecuador
- Blackbelly Centipede Snake, Tantilla moesta (G?nther, 1863) - Mexico, Guatemala, Belize
- Black Centipede Snake, Tantilla nigra (Boulenger, 1914) - Colombia
- Plains Blackhead Snake, Tantilla nigriceps (Kennicott, 1860) - southwest United States, northern Mexico
- Oaxacan Centipede Snake, Tantilla oaxacae (Wilson & Meyer, 1971) - Mexico
- Rim Rock Crowned Snake, Tantilla oolitica (Telford, 1966) - USA (Florida)
- Peters' Blackhead Snake, Tantilla petersi (Wilson, 1979)
- Western Blackhead Snake, Tantilla planiceps (Blainville, 1835) - United States (California), northern Mexico
- Florida Crowned Snake, Tantilla relicta (Telford, 1966)
- Reticulate Centipede Snake, Tantilla reticulata (Cope, 1860) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia
- Tantilla robusta (Canseco-M?rquez Me ndelson & Guti?rrez-May?n) - Mexico
- Big Bend Blackhead Snake, Tantilla rubra (Cope, 1876) - USA (Texas), Mexico
- Red Earth Centipede Snake, Tantilla schistosa (Bocourt, 1883) - Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
- Ringed Centipede Snake, Tantilla semicincta (Dum?ril, Bibron & Dum?ril, 1854) - Panama, Colombia, Venezuela
- Tantilla sertula (Wilson & Campbell, 2000) - Mexico
- Potos? Centipede Snake, Tantilla shawi (Taylor, 1949) - Mexico
- Slavens' Centipede Snake, Tantilla slavensi (Perez-Higareda, H.M. Smith & Smith, 1985) - Mexico
- Striped Centipede Snake, Tantilla striata (Dunn, 1928)
- Banded Centipede Snake, Tantilla supracincta (Peters, 1863) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador
- Central American Centipede Snake, Tantilla taeniata (Bocourt, 1883) - Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua
- Volcan Tacan a Centipede Snake, Tantilla tayrae (Wilson, 1983) - Mexico
- Tantilla tecta (Campell & Smith, 1997) - Guatemala
- Brazilian Three-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla trilineata (Peters, 1880) - Brazil
- Mexican Three-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla triseriata (H.M. Smith & Smith, 1951) - Mexico
- Three-banded Centipede Snake, Tantilla tritaeniata (H.M. Smith & Williams, 1966) - Honduras
- Hallowell's Centipede Snake, Tantilla vermiformis (Hallowell, 1861) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvator
- Tantilla vulcani (Campbell, 1998) - Guatemala
- Chihuahuan Blackhead Snake, Tantilla wilcoxi (Stejneger, 1902) - USA (Arizona), northern Mexico
- Yaqui Blackhead Snake, Tantilla yaquia (H.M. Smith, 1942) - USA (Arizona, New Mexico), Mexico
Behavior
Tantilla are nocturnal, secretive snakes. They spend most of their time buried in the moist leaf litter of semi-forested regions or under rocks and debris. Their diet consists primarily of invertebrates, including scorpions, centipedes, spiders, and various insects.
Species
- Barbour's Centipede Snake, Tantilla albiceps (Barbour, 1925) - Panama
- Boulenger's Centipede Snake, Tantilla alticola (Boulenger, 1903) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia
- Andes Centipede Snake, Tantilla andinista (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Tantilla armillata (Cope, 1876) - Costa Rica, El Salvador
- Mexican Blackhead Snake, Tantilla atriceps (G?nther, 1895) - USA (Arizona, Texas, New Mexico), northern Mexico
- Baird's Blackhead Snake, Tantilla bairdi (Stuart, 1941) - Guatemala
- Bocourt's Blackhead Snake, Tantilla bocourti (G?nther, 1895) - Mexico
- Tantilla boipiranga (Sawaya & Sazima, 2003) - Brazil
- Mertens' Centipede Snake, Tantilla brevicauda (Mertens, 1952) - El Salvador
- Briggs' Centipede Snake, Tantilla briggsi (Savitzky & Smith, 1971) - Mexico
- Pacific Coast Centipede Snake, Tantilla calamarina (Cope, 1876) - Mexico
- Capistrata Centipede Snake, Tantilla capistrata (Cope, 1876) - Peru
- Michoac?n Centipede Snake, Tantilla cascadae (Wilson & Meyer, 1981) - Mexico
- Tantilla ceboruca M?rquez et al., 2007 - Mexico
- Guerreran Centipede Snake, Tantilla coronadoi (Hartweg, 1944)
- Southeastern Crowned Snake, Tantilla coronata Baird & Girard, 1853 - southeastern United States
- Big Bend Blackhead Snake, Tantilla cucullata (Minton, 1956) - USA (Texas), Mexico
- Wilson's Centipede Snake, Tantilla cuesta (Wilson, 1982) - Guatemala
- Peten Centipede Snake, Tantilla cuniculator (H.M. Smith, 1939) - south Mexico, Belize, Guatemala
- Deppe' s Centipede Snake, Tantilla deppei (Bocourt) - Mexico
- Tantilla deviatrix (Barbour, 1916) - Mexico
- Equator Centipede Snake, Tantilla equatoriana (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Yellow-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla flavilineata (H.M. Smith & Burger, 1950)
- Tantilla fraseri (G?nther, 1895) - Ecuador, Peru
- Flathead Snake, Tantilla gracilis (Baird & Girard, 1853) - southwest United States, northern Mexico[1]
- Peten Centipede Snake, Tantilla hendersoni (Stafford, 2004) - Belize
- Southwestern Blackhead Snake, Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor, 1936 - southwestern United States, northern Mexico
- Tantilla impensa (Campbell, 1998) - Guatemala
- Mountain Centipede Snake, Tantilla insulamontana (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Ecuador
- Jan's Centipede Snake, Tantilla jani (G?nther, 1895) - Mexico, G uatemala
- Tantilla johnsoni (Wilson, Vaughn & Dixon, 1999) - Mexico
- Mena's Centipede Snake, Tantilla lempira (Wilson & Mena, 1980) - Honduras
- , Tantilla longifrontalis (Boulenger, 1896) - Colombia, Ecuador
- Blackhead Snake, Tantilla melanocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) - Mexico, Central and South America.
- Tantilla mexicana (G?nther, 1862) - Mexico, Guatemala
- Tantilla miyatai (Wilson & Knight, 1987) - Ecuador
- Blackbelly Centipede Snake, Tantilla moesta (G?nther, 1863) - Mexico, Guatemala, Belize
- Black Centipede Snake, Tantilla nigra (Boulenger, 1914) - Colombia
- Plains Blackhead Snake, Tantilla nigriceps (Kennicott, 1860) - southwest United States, northern Mexico
- Oaxacan Centipede Snake, Tantilla oaxacae (Wilson & Meyer, 1971) - Mexico
- Rim Rock Crowned Snake, Tantilla oolitica (Telford, 1966) - USA (Florida)
- Peters' Blackhead Snake, Tantilla petersi (Wilson, 1979)
- Western Blackhead Snake, Tantilla planiceps (Blainville, 1835) - United States (California), northern Mexico
- Florida Crowned Snake, Tantilla relicta (Telford, 1966)
- Reticulate Centipede Snake, Tantilla reticulata (Cope, 1860) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia
- Tantilla robusta (Canseco-M?rquez Mendelson & Guti?rrez-May?n) - Mexico
- Big Bend Blackhead Snake, Tantilla rubra (Cope, 1876) - USA (Texas), Mexico
- Red Earth Centipede Snake, Tantilla schistosa (Bocourt, 1883) - Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
- Ringed Centipede Snake, Tantilla semicincta (Dum?ril, Bibron & Dum?ril, 1854) - Panama, Colombia, Venezuela
- Tantilla sertula (Wilson & Campbell, 2000) - Mexico
- Potos? Centipede Snake, Tantilla shawi (Taylor, 1949) - Mexico
- Slavens' Centipede Snake, Tantilla slavensi< /i> (Perez-Higareda, H.M. Smith & Smith, 1985) - Mexico
- Striped Centipede Snake, Tantilla striata (Dunn, 1928)
- Banded Centipede Snake, Tantilla supracincta (Peters, 1863) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador
- Central American Centipede Snake, Tantilla taeniata (Bocourt, 1883) - Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua
- Volcan Tacana Centipede Snake, Tantilla tayrae (Wilson, 1983) - Mexico
- Tantilla tecta (Campell & Smith, 1997) - Guatemala
- Brazilian Three-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla trilineata (Peters, 1880) - Brazil
- Mexican Three-lined Centipede Snake, Tantilla triseriata (H.M. Smith & Smith, 1951) - Mexico
- Three-banded Centipede Snake, Tantilla tritaeniata (H.M. Smith & Williams, 1966) - Honduras
- Hallowell's Centipede Snake, Tantilla vermiformis (Hallowell, 1861) - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvator
- Tantilla vulcani (Campbell, 1 998) - Guatemala
- Chihuahuan Blackhead Snake, Tantilla wilcoxi (Stejneger, 1902) - USA (Arizona), northern Mexico
- Yaqui Blackhead Snake, Tantilla yaquia (H.M. Smith, 1942) - USA (Arizona, New Mexico), Mexico
References
Taxonomy
The Genus Tantilla is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 119 species and subspecies in the Genus Tantilla: T. albiceps (Barbour's Centipede Snake) · T. alticola (Boulenger's Centipede Snake) · T. andinista (Andes Centipede Snake) · T. annulata · T. armillatum · T. atriceps (Mexican Black-Headed Snake) · T. bairdi (Baird's Black-Headed Snake) · T. bocourti (Bocourt's Black-Headed Snake) · T. bocourti deviatrix · T. boipiranga · T. brevicauda (Mertens' Centipede Snake) · T. brevis · T. brevissima · T. briggsi (Briggs' Centipede Snake) · T. calamarina (Pacific Coast Centipede Snake) · T. canula · T. capistrata (Capistrata Centipede Snake) · T. cascadae (Michoacán Centipede Snake) · T. ceboruca · T. coronadoi (Guerreran Centipede Snake) · T. coronata (Southeastern Crowned Snake) · T. coronata coronata (Southeastern Crowned Snake) · T. coronata wagneri · T. coronota · T. costaricensis · T. cucullata (Trans-Pecos Black-Headed Snake) · T. cuesta (Wilson's Centipede Snake) · T. cuniculator (Peten Centipede Snake) · T. deppei (Deppe's Centipede Snake) · T. deviatrix · T. eiseni · T. eiseni eiseni · T. equatoriana (Equator Centipede Snake) · T. flavilineata (Yellow-Lined Centipede Snake) · T. fraseri · T. fusca · T. gracilis (Flat-Headed Snake) · T. gracilis hallowelli · T. hallowelli · T. hendersoni · T. hobartsmithi (Southwestern Black-Headed Snake) · T. hobartsmithii · T. hobartsmthi · T. impensa · T. insulamontana (Mountain Centipede Snake) · T. jani (Jan's Centipede Snake) · T. johnsoni · T. laticeps · T. lempira (Mena's Centipede Snake) · T. lintoni · T. longifrontale · T. longifrontalis · T. marcovani · T. martindelcampoi · T. melanocephala (Black-Headed Snake; Equator Centipede Snake [equatoriana]) · T. melanocephala capistrata · T. melanocephala melanocephala · T. melanocephalum · T. melanocephalus · T. mexicana · T. miniata · T. miniator · T. miyatai · T. moesta (Blackbelly Centipede Snake) · T. moesta cuniculator · T. robusta (Morgan's Black-Headed Snake) · T. nelsoni · T. nigra (Black Centipede Snake) · T. nigricans · T. nigriceps (Plains Black-Headed Snake) · T. nigriceps fumiceps (Plains Black-Headed Snake) · T. nigriceps nigriceps (Plains Black-Headed Snake) · T. oaxacae (Oaxacan Centipede Snake) · T. oolitica (Rim Rock Crowned Snake) · T. pallida · T. petersi (Peters' Black-Headed Snake) · T. phrenitica · T. planiceps (California Black-Headed Snake) · T. planiceps atriceps · T. planiceps planiceps (California Black-Headed Snake) · T. relicta (Florida Crowned Snake) · T. relicta neilli (Central Florida Crowned Snake) · T. relicta pamlica (Coastal Dunes Crowned Snake) · T. relicta (Florida Crowned Snake) · T. reticularia · T. reticulata (Reticulate Centipede Snake) · T. robusta · T. rubra (Big Bend Black-Headed Snake) · T. rubra (Devil's River Black-Headed Snake) · T. rubra rubra (Big Bend Black-Headed Snake) · T. ruficeps · T. schistosa (Red Earth Centipede Snake) · T. schistosa costaricensis · T. schistosa schistosa · T. semicincta (Ringed Centipede Snake) · T. semicinctum · T. sertula · T. sexfasciata · T. shawi (Potosí Centipede Snake) · T. slavensi (Slavens' Centipede Snake) · T. striata (Striped Centipede Snake) · T. supracincta (Banded Centipede Snake) · T. supracinta · T. taeniata (Central American Centipede Snake) · T. triseriata · T. tayrae (Volcan Tacana Centipede Snake) · T. tecta · T. trilineata (Three-Lined Centipede Snake) · T. triseriata (Three-Lined Centipede Snake) · T. tritaeniata (Three-Banded Centipede Snake) · T. utahensis · T. vermiformis (Hallowell's Centipede Snake) · T. virgata · T. virgatum · T. vulcani · T. wilcoxi (Chihuahuan Black-Headed Snake) · T. wilcoxi wilcoxi (Chihuahuan Black-Headed Snake) · T. yaquia (Yaqui Black-Headed Snake)
References
Sources
- The distribution map on the Distribution tab comes from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and is used with permission.
- Photographs on this page are copyrighted by individual photographers, and individual copyrights apply.
- The technology underlying this page, including the controls behind Keep Exploring, is owned by the BayScience Foundation. All rights are reserved.
