Overview
Portunidae is a family of crabs which contains the swimming crabs.
Portunid crabs are characterised by the flattening of the fifth pair of legs into broad paddles, which are used for swimming.[2] This ability, together with their strong, sharp claws, allows many species to be fast and aggressive predators.[2]
Examples
Its members include many well-known shoreline crabs, such as the European shore crab (Carcinus maenas), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), velvet crab (Necora puber) and lady crab (Ovalipes ocellatus). Two genera in the family are contrastingly named Scylla and Charybdis; the former contains the economically impo rtant species black crab (Scylla serrata) and Scylla paramamosain.
Taxonomy
The circumscription of the family varies, with some authors treating "Carcinidae", "Catoptridae" and "Macropipidae" as separate families,[1] and others considering them subfamilies of a wider Portunidae.[3] Swimming crabs reach their greatest species diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Extinct genera are marked with an obelisk.
- Caphyra Gu?rin, 1832
- Coelocarcinus Edmondson, 1930
- Lissocarcinus Adams & White, 1849
- Mioxaiva ? M?ller, 1978
- Carcininae MacLeay, 1838
- Carcinus Leach, 1814
- Cicarnus ? Karasawa & Fudouji, 2000
- Echinolatus Davie & Crosnier, 2006
- Miopipus ? M?ller, 1984
- Portumnus Leach, 1814
- Xaiva MacLeay, 1838
- Carupinae Paul?son, 1875
- Carupa Dana, 1851
- Catoptrus A. Milne-Edwards, 1870
- Libystes A. Milne-Edwards, 1867
- Neptocarcinus ? Lorenthey, 1898
- Rakosia ? M?ller, 1984
- Richerellus Manning & Felder, 1989
- Podophthalminae Dana, 1851
- Euphylax Stimpson, 1860
- Podophthalmus Lamarck, 1801
- Psygmophthalmus ? Schweitzer, Iturralde-Vinent, Hetler & Velez-Juarbe, 2006
- Sandomingia ? Rathbun, 1919
- Saratunus ? Collins, Lee & Noad, 2003
- Viaophthalmus ? Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
- Polybiinae Ortmann, 1893
- Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871
- Benthochascon Alcock & Anderson, 1899
- Boschettia ? Busulini, Tessier, Beschin & De Angeli, 2003
- Brusinia ?tevcic, 1991
- Coenophthalmus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
- Falsiportunites ? Collins & Jakobsen, 2003
- Gecchelicarcinus ? Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2007
- Liocarcinus Stimpson, 1871
- Macropipus Prestandrea, 1833
- Maeandricampus ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
- Megokkos ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2000
- Minohellenus ? Karasawa, 1990
- Necora Holthuis, 1987
- Nectocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
- Ophthalmoplax ? Rathbun, 1935
- Ovalipes Rathbun, 1898a
- Parathranites Miers, 1886
- Pleolobites ? Remy, 1960
- Polybius Leach, 1820
- Pororaria ? Glaessner, 1980
- Portufuria ? Collins, Schulz & Jakobsen, 2005
- Portunites ? Bell, 1858
- Proterocarcinus ? Feldmann, Casad?o, Chirino-G?lvez & Aguirre-Urreta, 1995
- Raymanninus Ng, 2000
- Rhachiosoma ? Woodward, 1871
- Portuninae Rafinesque, 1815
- Acanthoportunus ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
- Arenaeus Dana, 1851
- Atoportunus Ng & Takeda, 2003
- Callinectes Stimpson, 1860
- Carupella Lenz in Lenz & Strunck, 1914
- Colneptunus ? Lorenthey in Lorenthey & Beurlen, 1929
- Cronius Stimpson, 1860
- Euronectes ? Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
- Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990
- Lupella Rathbun, 1897
- Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849
- Necronectes ? A. Milne-Edwards, 1881
- Portunus Weber, 1795
- Pseudoachelous ? Portell & Collins, 2004
- Rathbunella ? Collins in Collins, Portell & Donovan, 2009
- Sanquerus Manning, 1989
- Scylla De Haan, 1833
- Thalamitinae Paul?son, 1875
- Charybdis De Haan, 1833
- Eocharybdis ? Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2002
- Gonioinfradens Leene, 1938
- Thalamita Latreille, 1829
- Thalamitoides A. Milne-Edwards, 1869
- incertae sedis
- Enoplonotus ? A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
Examples
Its members include many well-known shoreline crabs, such as the European shore crab (Carcinus maenas), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), velvet crab (Necora puber) and lady crab (Ovalipes ocellatus). Two genera in the family are contrastingly named Scylla and Charybdis; the former contains the economically important species black crab (Scylla serrata) and Scylla paramamosain.
Taxonomy
The circumscription of the family varies, with some authors treating "Carcinidae", "Catoptridae" and "Macropipidae" as separate families,[1] and others considering them subfamilies of a wider Portunidae.[3] Swimming crabs reach
their greatest species diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Extinct genera are marked with an obelisk.
- Caphyra Gu?rin, 1832
- Coelocarcinus Edmondson, 1930
- Lissocarcinus Adams & White, 1849
- Mioxaiva ? M?ller, 1978
- Carcininae MacLeay, 1838
- Carcinus Leach, 1814
- Cicarnus ? Karasawa & Fudouji, 2000
- Echinolatus Davie & Crosnier, 2006
- Miopipus ? M?ller, 1984
- Portumnus Leach, 1814
- Xaiva MacLeay, 1838
- Carupinae Paul?son, 1875
- Carupa Dana, 1851
- Catoptrus A. Milne-Edwards, 1870
- Libystes A. Milne-Edwards, 1867
- Neptocarcinus ? Lorenthey, 1898
- Rakosia ? M?ller, 1984
- Richerellus Manning & Felder, 1989
- Podophthalminae Dana, 1851
- Euphylax Stimpson, 1860
- Podophthalmus Lamarck, 1801
- Psygmophthalmus ? Schweitzer, Iturralde-Vinent, Hetler & Velez-Juarbe, 2006
- Sandomingia ? Rathbun, 1919
- Saratunus ? Collins, Lee & Noad, 2003
- Viaophthalmus ? Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
- Polybiinae Ortmann, 1893
- Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871
- Benthochascon Alcock & Anderson, 1899
- Boschettia ? Busulini, Tessier, Beschin & De Angeli, 2003
- Brusinia ?tevcic, 1991
- Coenophthalmus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
- Falsiportunites ? Collins & Jakobsen, 2003
- Gecchelicarcinus ? Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2007
- Liocarcinus Stimpson, 1871
- Macropipus Prestandrea, 1833
- Maeandricampus ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
- Megokkos ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2000
- Minohellenus ? Karasawa, 1990
- Necora Holthuis, 1987
- Nectocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
- Ophthalmoplax ? Rathbun, 1935
- Ovalipes Rathbun, 1898a
- Parathranites Miers, 1886
- Pleolobites ? Remy, 1960
- Polybius Leach, 1820
- Pororaria ? Glaessner, 1980
- Portufuria ? Collins, Schulz & Jakobsen, 2005
- Portunites ? Bell, 1858
- Proterocarcinus ? Feldmann, Casad?o, Chirino-G?lvez & Aguirre-Urreta, 1995
- Raymanninus Ng, 2000
- Rhachiosoma ? Woodward, 1871
- Portuninae Rafinesque, 1815
- Acanthoportunus ? Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2002
- Arenaeus Dana, 1851
- Atoportunus Ng & Takeda, 2003
- Callinectes Stimpson, 1860
- Carupella Lenz in Lenz & Strunck, 1914
- Colneptunus ? Lorenthey in Lorenthey & Beurlen, 1929
- Cronius Stimpson, 1860
- Euronectes ? Karasawa, Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2008
- Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990
- Lupella Rathbun, 1897
- Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849
- Necronectes ? A. Milne-Edwards, 1881
- Portunus Weber, 1795
- Pseudoachelous ? Portell & Collins, 2004
- Rathbunella ? Collins in Collins, Portell & Donovan, 2009
- Sanquerus Manning, 1989
- Scylla De Haan, 1833
- Thalamitinae Paul?son, 1875
- Charybdis De Haan, 1833
- Eocharybdis ? Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2002
- Gonioinfradens Leene, 1938
- Thalamita Latreille, 1829
- Thalamitoides A. Milne-Edwards, 1869
- incertae sedis
- Enoplonotus ? A. Milne-Edwards, 1860
References
- ^ a b Sammy De Grave, N. Dean Pentcheff, Shane T. Ahyong et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Suppl. 21: 1?109. http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf.
- ^ a b P. J. F. Davie (2002). "Portunidae". Crustacea: Malocostraca: Eucarida (Part 2), Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura. Volume 19 of Zoological catalogue of Australia, Australia. CSIRO Publishing. pp. 442?446. ISBN 9780643056770. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jr9SR1Cr5BAC&pg=PA442.
- ^ Peter K. L. Ng, Dani?le Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 17: 1?286. http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s17/s17rbz.pdf.
Taxonomy
The Family Portunidae is a member of the Superfamily Portunoidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Portunidae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum: Crustaceomorpha
(Chernyshev, 1960)
- Superclass: Crustacea
(krus-TA-see-a)
Pennant, 1777
- Class: Malacostraca
Latreille, 1802
- Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Grobben, 1892
- Superorder: Eucarida
Calman, 1904
- Order: Decapoda
Latreille, 1802 - Decapods
- Suborder: Pleocyemata
Burkenroad, 1963
- Infraorder: Brachyura
Latreille, 1802 - True Crabs
- Superfamily: Portunoidea
Rafinesque, 1815
- Family: Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815 - swimming crabs
- Superfamily: Portunoidea
Rafinesque, 1815
- Infraorder: Brachyura
Latreille, 1802 - True Crabs
- Suborder: Pleocyemata
Burkenroad, 1963
- Order: Decapoda
Latreille, 1802 - Decapods
- Superorder: Eucarida
Calman, 1904
- Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Grobben, 1892
- Class: Malacostraca
Latreille, 1802
- Superclass: Crustacea
(krus-TA-see-a)
Pennant, 1777
- Infraphylum: Crustaceomorpha
(Chernyshev, 1960)
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Family Portunidae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (43): Achelous · Archias · Arenaeus · Bathynectes · Benthochascon · Callinectes · Caphyra · Carcinonectes · Carcinus · Carupa · Catoptrus · Charybdis · Coelocarcinus · Cronius · Euphylax · Goniosoma · Goniosupradens · Helenus · Laleonectes · Libystes · Liocarcinus · Lissocarcinus · Lupa · Lupocyclus · Macropipus · Necora · Necronectes · Nectocarcinus · Neptunus · Ovalipes · Parathranites · Podophthalmus · Polybius · Portumnus · Portunites · Portunus · Proterocarcinus · Psygmophthalmus · Raymanninus · Thalamita · Thalamitoides · Xaiva · Xiphonectes
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 345 species and subspecies in the Family Portunidae.
Genera
Achelous
Archias
Archias (Greek: ) may refer to: [more]
Arenaeus
Bathynectes
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[1] [more]
Benthochascon
Callinectes
Callinectes is a genus of crabs, containing 16 species, including the Atlantic blue crab, C. sapidus: [more]
Caphyra
Carcinonectes
Carcinus
Carcinus (: Karkinos) is a genus of crabs, which includes the European shore crab, an important invasive species, and C. aestuarii, a species endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. [more]
Carupa
Catoptrus
Charybdis
Charybdis or Kharybdis (; Greek: ?????d??) was a sea monster, later rationalised as a whirlpool and considered a shipping hazard in the Strait of Messina. [more]
Coelocarcinus
Cronius
Cronius is a of crabs. [more]
Euphylax
Goniosoma
Goniosupradens
Goniosupradens is a of crabs. [more]
Helenus
Laleonectes
Libystes
Libystes is a of crabs. [more]
Liocarcinus
Lissocarcinus
Lissocarcinus is a of crabs. [more]
Lupa
Lupocyclus
Lupocyclus is a of crabs. [more]
Macropipus
Necora
Necronectes
Nectocarcinus
Neptunus
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Ovalipes
Ovalipes is a genus of crabs in the family Portunidae, containing 11 extant species: [more]
Parathranites
Parathranites is a of crabs. [more]
Podophthalmus
Polybius
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Portumnus
Portunites
Portunus
Portunus is a genus of which includes several important species for fisheries, such as the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus and the Gazami crab, P. trituberculatus.[citation needed] [more]
Proterocarcinus
Psygmophthalmus
Raymanninus
Thalamita
Thalamitoides
Xaiva
Xiphonectes
More info about the Genus Xiphonectes may be found here.
References
Footnotes
Sources
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