Overview
The Parnassiinae or Snow Apollos are a subfamily of the or Swallowtail family. The subfamily includes about 50 medium sized, white or yellow species.1] The Snow Apollos are high altitude butterflies and are distributed across Asia, Europe and North America.[2]
Photos
Taxonomy
The Subfamily Parnassiinae is a member of the Family Papilionidae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Parnassiinae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Class: Insecta
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - Insects
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Cohort: Myoglossata
- Order: Lepidoptera
Linnaeus, 1758 - Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder: Heteroneura
- a genus of Longhorned Beetles (Cerambycidae)
- Family: Papilionidae
Latreille, 1809 - Swallowtails
- Subfamily: Parnassiinae - Parnassians
- Family: Papilionidae
Latreille, 1809 - Swallowtails
- Infraorder: Heteroneura
- a genus of Longhorned Beetles (Cerambycidae)
- Order: Lepidoptera
Linnaeus, 1758 - Butterflies and Moths
- Cohort: Myoglossata
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Class: Insecta
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - Insects
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Subfamily Parnassiinae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Tribe (2): Parnassiini · Zerynthiini
- Genus (6): Allancastria · Archon · Luehdorfia · Parnalius · Parnassius · Zerynthia
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 130 species and subspecies in the Subfamily Parnassiinae.
Genera
Allancastria
Allancastria is a genus of Palaearctic butterflies in the subfamily Parnassiinae. Five species are known.The genus has a complex history.Details are given on the talk page[1] [more]
Archon
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[1] [more]
Luehdorfia
Luehdorfia is a genus of in the Papilionidae family. It contains the following species: [more]
Parnalius
Parnassius
Parnassius is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) usually known as Apollos. They can vary in color and form significantly based on their altitude. They also show an adaptation to high altitudes called altitudinal melanism. They show dark bodies and darkened coloration at the wingbase which helps them warm faster using the sun. [more]
Zerynthia
Zerynthia , 1816 is a genus of swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae. The genus has a complex history and a multiplicity of names have been applied to its two species See talkpage [1] [more]
At least 114 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Zerynthia.
More info about the Genus Zerynthia may be found here.
References
- ^ The Butterflies of North America, James A. Scott, ISBN 0-8047-1205-0, 1986
- ^ Ackery PR (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 31, 4 PDF
- ^ Nazari, V., Zakharov, E.V., and Sperling, F.A.H., 2007. Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and taxonomic ranking of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) based on morphology and seven genes. Molecular phylogenetics and Evolution, 42: 131-156. pdf
Footnotes
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Thursday, August 13, 2009.
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