Overview
Oreochromis is a large genus of tilapiine cichlids, fishes endemic to Africa and the Middle East. Several species from this genus have been introduced far outside their native range, and are important in aquaculture. Members of this genus, as well as those of the genera Tilapia and Sarotherodon, share the common name "tilapia".
The genus contains more than 30 species, and numerous undescribed forms exist. Judging from mtDNA sequence analysis, there seem to be several clades. In addition, some species (such as and the Blue tilapia O. aureus) seem closer to Sarotherodon according to the mtDNA data. Research is hampered by the fact that hybridization runs rampant in these fishes, which confounds mtDNA data (see discussion at Wami tilapia), and that the fast speed of evolution makes choice of appropriate nuclear DNA sequences difficult.(Nagl et al. 2001)
- Oreoch romis amphimelas
- Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau, 1861)[verification needed] ? Three-spotted tilapia
- Oreochromis angolensis (Trewavas, 1973)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864)[verification needed] ? Blue tilapia
- Oreochromis chungruruensis
- Oreochromis esculentus ? Singida tilapia
- Oreochromis hunteri ? Lake Chala tilapia
- Oreochromis ismailiaensis Mekkawy, 1995[verification needed]
- Oreochromis jipe ? Jipe tilapia
- Oreochromis karomo ? Karomo
- Oreochromis karongae
- Oreochromis korogwe ? Korogwe tilapia
- Oreochromis lepidurus (Boulenger, 1899)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis leucostictus
- Oreochromis lidole
- Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] ? Longfin tilapia
- Oreochromis malagarasi Trewavas, 1983[verification needed]
- Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas, 1983)[verification needed] ? Kariba tilapia
- Oreochromis mossambicus ? Mozambique tilapia
- Oreochromis mweruensis
- Oreochromis niloticus ? Nile tilapia
- Oreochromis pangani
- Oreochromis pangani girigan (Lowe, 1955)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis pangani pangani
- Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas, 1941)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis placidus placidus ? Black tilapia
- Oreochromis placidus ruvumae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis rukwaensis ? Lake Rukwa tilapia
- Oreochromis saka (Lowe, 1953)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis salinicola (Poll, 1948)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage, 1884)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger, 1897[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus chilwae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed] ? Chilwa tilapia
- Oreochromis shiranus shiranus
- Oreochromis spilurus (G?nther, 1894)[verification
needed]
- Oreochromis spilurus niger G?nther, 1894[verification needed] ? Athi River tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus percivali (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] ? Buffalo Springs tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus spilurus ? Sabaki tilapia
- Oreochromis squamipinnis
- Oreochromis tanganicae
- Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1964)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis hornorum ? Wami tilapia
- Oreochromis urolepis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed] ? Rufigi tilapia
- Oreochromis variabilis ? Victoria tilapia
The genus contains more than 30 species, and numerous undescribed forms exist. Judging from mtDNA sequence analysis, there seem to be several clades. In addition, some species (such as and the Blue tilapia O. aureus) seem closer to Sarotherodon according to the mtDNA data. Research is hampered by the fact that hybridization runs rampant in these fishes, which confounds mtDNA data (see discussion at Wami tilapia), and that the fast speed of evolution makes choice of appropriate nuclear DNA sequences difficult.(Nagl et al. 2001)
- Oreochromis amphimelas
- Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau, 1861)[verification needed] ? Three-spotted tilapia
- Oreochromis angolensis (Trewavas, 1973)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864)[verification needed] ? Blue tilapia
- Oreochromis chungruruensis< /i>
- Oreochromis esculentus ? Singida tilapia
- Oreochromis hunteri ? Lake Chala tilapia
- Oreochromis ismailiaensis Mekkawy, 1995[verification needed]
- Oreochromis jipe ? Jipe tilapia
- Oreochromis karomo ? Karomo
- Oreochromis karongae
- Oreochromis korogwe ? Korogwe tilapia
- Oreochromis lepidurus (Boulenger, 1899)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis leucostictus
- Oreochromis lidole
- Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] ? Longfin tilapia
- Oreochromis malagarasi Trewavas, 1983[verification needed]
- Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas, 1983)[verification needed] ? Kariba tilapia
- Oreochromis mossambicus ? Mozambique tilapia
- Oreochromis mweruensis
- Oreochromis niloticus ? Nile tilapia
- Oreochromis pangani
- Oreochromis pangani girigan (Lowe, 1955)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis pangani pangani
- Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas, 1941)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis placidus placidus ? Black tilapia
- Oreochromis placidus ruvumae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis rukwaensis ? Lake Rukwa tilapia
- Oreochromis saka (Lowe, 1953)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis salinicola (Poll, 1948)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage, 1884)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger, 1897[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus chilwae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed] ? Chilwa tilapia
- Oreochromis shiranus shiranus
- Oreochromis spilurus (G?nther, 1894)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis spilurus niger G?nther, 1894[verification needed] ? Athi River tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus percivali (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] ? Buffalo Springs tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus spilurus ? Sabaki tilapia
- Oreochromis squamipinnis
- Oreochromis tanganicae
- Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1964)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis hornorum ? Wami tilapia
- Oreochromis urolepis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed] ? Rufigi tilapia
- Oreochromis variabilis ? Victoria tilapia
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Species of Oreochromis in FishBase. October 2006 version.
- Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Iren e E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361?374. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
Taxonomy
The Genus Oreochromis is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 96 species and subspecies in the Genus Oreochromis: O. niloticus subsp. vulcani · O. affinis korogwe · O. affinis spilurus · O. agassii · O. alcalicus (Three Spotted Tilapia) · O. alcalicus alcalicus (Lake Natron Tilapia) · O. alcalicus grahami · O. andersonii (Three Spotted Tilapia) · O. andersonii (Three Spotted Tilapia) · O. aureus (Jordan St. Peter´s Fish) · O. aureus hybrid · O. cancellatus cancellatus · O. cf. niloticus · O. eculentus · O. esculentus (Graham´s Tilapia) · O. frontosus · O. hunteri (Lake Chala Tilapia) · O. ismailiaensis · O. jipe (Jipe Tilapia) · O. karomo (Karomo) · O. karongae (Tilapia) · O. korogwe (Korogwe Tilapia) · O. latilabris · O. leucostictus (Blue Spotted Tilapia) · O. lidole (Green-Headed Bream) · O. lutens · O. machrochir · O. macrochir (Mozambique Mouth-Breeder) · O. macrochir macrochir (Green-Head Tilapia) · O. macrochir mweruensis · O. mortimeri (Kariba Tilapia) · O. mosambicus · O. mossambicus (Mozambique Mouth-Breeder) · O. mozambicus · O. mweruensis (Mweru Tilapia) · O. ndalalani · O. nilotica sugutae · O. niloticus (Mozambique Tilapia) · O. niloticus baringoensis (Baringo Tilapia) · O. niloticus cancellatus · O. niloticus eduardianus (Nile Tilapia) · O. niloticus filoa · O. niloticus niloticus (Mozambique Tilapia) · O. niloticus sugutae (Suguta Tilapia) · O. niloticus tana · O. niloticus volcani · O. niloticus vulcani (Turkana Tilapia) · O. niloticusxsarotherodon · O. pangani girigan · O. pangani pangani · O. placida · O. placidnosus · O. placidus (Black Tilapia) · O. placidus placidus (Rovuma Tilapia) · O. placidus rovumae (Black Tilapia) · O. placidus ruvumae · O. polyacanthus · O. rukwaensis (Lake Rukwa Tilapia) · O. saka (Tilapia) · O. salinicola (Buffalo Springs Tilapia) · O. placidus subsp. placidus · O. shiranus (Chilwa Tilapia) · O. shiranus chilwae (Chilwa Tilapia) · O. shirina chilwae · O. siniger · O. spilurus (Buffalo Springs Tilapia) · O. spilurus niger (Athi River Tilapia) · O. spilurus percivali (Buffalo Springs Tilapia) · O. spilurus spilurus (Sabaki Tilapia) · O. spirulus · O. squamipinnis saka · O. squamipinnus · O. tanganyicae · O. upembae (Rufigi Tilapia) · O. upembae malagarasi · O. urolepis (Redeyed Tilapia) · O. urolepis hornorum (Wami Tilapia) · O. urolepis urolepis (Rufigi Tilapia) · O. variabilis (Victoria Tilapia) · O. niloticus subsp. vulcani · O. urolepis subsp. hornorum · O. korogwe · O. mortimeri · O. andersonii · O. placidus subsp. placidus · O. esculentus
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Species of Oreochromis in FishBase. October 2006 version.
- Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361?374. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
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