Oecophoridae (Family)

Overview

Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.^1]

Subfamilies

[ Back to top ]

As circumscribed here, the Oecophoridae provisionally include the following subfamilies (with some significant species also listed):

Amphisbatinae (sometimes in Depressariinae)
Autostichinae
Depressariinae (including Cryptolechiinae)
Hypertrophinae
Oecophorinae (including Chimabachinae, Deuterogoniinae, Peleopodinae, Philobotinae)
Stathmopodinae
Stenomatinae

Stathmopoda pedella (Stathmopodinae) near Ilmenau (Thuringia, Germany)

Some treatments include only the Oecophorinae and Stathmopodinae here, placing the others elsewhere in the Gelechoidea (typically in the Elachistidae, but occasionally as independent families). But this approach might make Elachistidae highly paraphyletic. Other authors go as far as to expand the Oecophoridae beyond the delimitation used here, including also such groups as the Ethmiidae and Xyloryctidae. The latter may indeed be part of a monophyletic Oecophoridae, but more research is required; the Ethmiidae on the other hand are more likely a distinct family. The mysterious genus Aeolanthes is also sometimes included in the Oecophoridae (as a monotypic subfamily Aeolanthinae), but its actual relationships are quite obscure.^[2]

Some additional genera^{[verification needed]} are also treated as Oecophoridae incertae sedis in recent studies:^[3]

Amseloecia
Callimodes Leraut 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
Colchia
Luquetia Leraut, 1991 (Depressariinae?)
Minetia Leraut, 1991 (Oecophorinae?)
Odonna
Orienta
Schiffermuellerina Leraut, 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
- Schiffermuellerina grandis
Zizyphia (Oecophorinae? Formerly in Gelechiidae)
?Epiborkhausenites Skalski, 1973 (Bartonian age, Baltic amber, Lithuania)^[4]

Relationship with humans

[ Back to top ]

Many concealer moths feed on dead plant material and play a useful part in nutrient recycling. On the other hand, the family includes the White-shouldered House Moth (Endrosis sarcitrella), a widely distributed species whose caterpillars infest stored grain, and the Brown House Moth (Hofmannophila pseudospretella), which feeds on textiles and carpets as well as stored foodstuffs. Other pest species include the Black-headed Caterpillar (the larva of Opisina arenosella) on coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) in India, and Peleopoda arcanella on Elaeis oleifera oil palms in Central America.

Concealer moths have also been put to useful service. Agonopterix ulicetella, a native of Europe, has been introduced to New Zealand and Hawaii in an attempt to control the European Gorse (Ulex europaeus), and the Defoliating Hemlock Moth (Agonopterix alstroemeriana) has been used aga inst Conium maculatum poison hemlock in the USA.

Footnotes

[ Back to top ]

^ Hodge (1999)
^ Hodge (1999), ToL (2008), Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24), and see references in Savela (2003)
^ Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24)
^ Skalski, A.W. (1973). "Studies on the Lepidoptera from fossil resins. Part II. Epiborkhausenites obscurotrimaculatus gen. et sp. nov. (Oecophoridae) and a tineid-moth discovered in the Baltic amber". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 18 (1): 153?160. http://app.pan.pl/archive/published/app18/app18-153.pdf.

b>Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.^1]

Subfamilies

[ Back to top ]

As circumscribed here, the Oecophoridae provisionally include the following subfamilies (with some significant species also listed):

Amphisbatinae (sometimes in Depressariinae)
Autostichinae
Depressariinae (including Cryptolechiinae)
Hypertrophinae
Oecophorinae (including Chimabachinae, Deuterogoniinae, Peleopodinae, Philobotinae)
Stathmopodinae
Stenomatinae

Stathmopoda pedella (Stathmopodinae) near Ilmenau (Thuringia, Germany)

Some additional genera^{[verification needed]} are also treated as Oecophoridae incertae sedis in recent studies:^[3]

Amseloecia
Callimodes Leraut 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
Colchia
Luquetia Leraut, 1991 (Depressariinae?)
Minetia Leraut, 1991 (Oecophorinae?)
Odonna
Orienta
Schiffermuellerina Leraut, 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
- Schiffermuellerina grandis
Zizyphia (Oecophorinae? Formerly in Gelechiidae)
?Epiborkhausenites Skalski, 1973 (Bartonian age, Baltic amber, Lithuania)^[4]

Relationship with humans

[ Back to top ]

Concealer moths have also been put to useful service. Agonopterix ulicetella, a native of Europe, has been introduced to New Zealand and Hawai i in an attempt to control the European Gorse (Ulex europaeus), and the Defoliating Hemlock Moth (Agonopterix alstroemeriana) has been used against Conium maculatum poison hemlock in the USA.

Footnotes

[ Back to top ]

^ Hodge (1999)
^ Hodge (1999), ToL (2008), Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24), and see references in Savela (2003)
^ Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24)
^ Skalski, A.W. (1973). "Studies on the Lepidoptera from fossil resins. Part II. Epiborkhausenites obscurotrimaculatus gen. et sp. nov. (Oecophoridae) and a tineid-moth discovered in the Baltic amber". Acta Palaeonto logica Polonica 18 (1): 153?160. http://app.pan.pl/archive/published/app18/app18-153.pdf.

References

[ Back to top ]

Data related to Oecophoridae at Wikispecies

Hodges, R.W. (1999): The Gelechioidea. In: Kristensen, N.P. (ed.): Handbuch der Zoologie/Handbook of Zoology (Volume IV ? Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 35: Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies 1): 131?158. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin & New York. ISBN 3-110-15704-7
Savela, Markku (2003): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms ? Oecophoridae. Version of 2003-DEC-29. Retrieved 2010-APR-22.
Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2008): Oecophoridae. Version of 2008-MAY-01. Retrieved 2010-APR-22.

Taxonomy

[ Back to top ]

The Family Oecophoridae is a member of the Superfamily Gelechioidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Oecophoridae:

Domain: Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia C. Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
  - Subkingdom: Bilateria (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
    - Branch: Protostomia Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
      - Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
        Superphylum: Panarthropoda Cuvier
        Phylum: Arthropoda Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
        Subphylum: Mandibulata Snodgrass, 1938
        Infraphylum: Atelocerata Heymons, 1901
        Superclass: Panhexapoda
        Class: Insecta C. Linnaeus, 1758 - Insects
        Subclass: Dicondylia
        Infraclass: Pterygota - Winged Insects
        Cohort: Myoglossata
        Superorder: Amphiesmenoptera
        Order: Lepidoptera - Butterflies and Moths
        Suborder: Glossata
        Infraorder: Heteroneura - a genus of Longhorned Beetles (Cerambycidae)
        Superfamily: Gelechioidea
        Family: Oecophoridae - Concealer Moths

The Family Oecophoridae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Subfamily (8): Coliadinae · Depressariinae · Ethmiinae · Oecophorinae · Peleopodinae · Rutelinae · Stenomatinae · Sterrhinae
Tribe (2): Depressariini · Ingeae
Genus (730): Abychodes · Acartophila · Acedesta · Achyrostola · Acompsogma · Acorotricha · Acraephnes · Acria · Acriotes · Actenotis · Aechmioides · Aeolarcha · Aeolernis · Aeolocosma · Aeoloscelis · Afdera · Aglaodes · Agonopterix · Agonopteryx · Agriocoma · Agriophara · Agrioplecta · Agroecodes · Alabonia · Aliciana · Allodapica · Allotropha · Alomenarcha · Altiura · Alynda · Amontes · Amorbaea · Amphipseustis · Amphisbatis · Anacathartis · Anachastis · Anacoemastis · Anadasmus · Analcodes · Anapatris · Ancharcha · Anchonoma · Ancipita · Ancistrodes · Ancistroneura · Ancylometis · Aniuta · Anoditica · Anoecea · Anomobela · Anomozancla · Antaeotricha · Anthocoma · Antiopala · Antipterna · Antisclerota · Antoloea · Aochleta · Apachea · Aplota · Aproopta · Arachnographa · Araeostoma · Archaereta · Arctopoda · Arctoscelis · Areocosma · Arignota · Aristeis · Arsirrhyncha · Artiastis · Ashinaga · Aspasiodes · Asthenica · Astiarcha · Astoxena · Atelosticha · Atha · Atheropla · Athrinacia · Athrypsiastis · Atomotricha · Atopophrictis · Atopotorna · Atribasta · Aulotropha · Autosticha · Auxotricha · Baeonoma · Barantola · Barea · Bassarodes · Bathydoxa · Batia · Beforona · Bibarrambla · Bigotianella · Bisigna · Blacophanes · Bleptochiton · Borkhausenia · Borkhausenites · Boydia · Brachybelistis · Brachyzancla · Briarostoma · Brymblia · Buvatina · Caenorycta · Calicotis · Callicopris · Callima · Callimima · Calliphractis · Callithauma · Callizyga · Calypta · Capnolocha · Carcina · Carolana · Casmara · Catanomistis · Catarata · Catoryctis · Cecidolechia · Celeophracta · Cenarchis · Ceranthes · Cerconota · Chalcocolona · Chalcorectis · Chambersia · Chanystis · Chariphylla · Cheimophila · Chereuta · Chersadaula · Chezala · Chironeura · Chlamydastis · Choronoma · Chrysonoma · Cilicitis · Citharodica · Cladophantis · Clepsigenes · Clonitica · Coeranica · Coesyra · Colpoloma · Colpomorpha · Comotechna · Compsistis · Compsotorna · Compsotropha · Cophomantella · Copidoris · Copriodes · Coptotelia · Corethropalpa · Coridomorpha · Corita · Cormotypa · Corocosma · Cosmaresta · Costoma · Crassa · Crepidosceles · Crossophora · Crossotocera · Crypsicharis · Cryptopeges · Cryptophasa · Crystallogenes · Cuprina · Cyanocrates · Cyphacma · Cyphoryctis · Dafa · Dasycera · Dasycerca · Decantha · Deia · Delonoma · Delophanes · Deloryctis · Delosaphes · Demiophila · Denisia · Depressaria · Depressariodes · Depressarites · Despina · Deuterogonia · Diaphorodes · Diasceta · Dinotropa · Diocosma · Diploclasis · Disselia · Dita · Diurnea · Doina · Doliotechna · Dolophrosynella · Donacostola · Doshia · Doxa · Doxomeres · Durrantia · Dysgnorima · Dysthreneta · Eccoena · Ecdrepta · Echiomima · Eclactistis · Eclecta · Ecnomolophos · Ectaga · Eido · Elaeonoma · Elaphrerga · Elaphromorpha · Enchocrates · Enchronista · Encrasima · Endrosis · Energia · Enteremna · Eochrois · Eomichla · Eomystis · Eonympha · Epiborkhausenites · Epicallima · Epichostis · Epicoenia · Epicurica · Epidiopteryx · Epimecyntis · Epiphractis · Epipyrga · Epithetica · Epithymema · Eporycta · Eraina · Eratophyes · Eremnozona · Ericrypsina · Eriogenes · Erithyma · Erotis · Erythrobapta · Eschatura · Esperia · Esperiana · Ethmia · Euchersadaula · Eucleodora · Eucryphaea · Eudaemoneura · Eudrymopsis · Euhylecoetes · Eulachna · Eulechria · Eumiturga · Eupetochira · Euphiltra · Eupragia · Euprionocera · Eupselia · Euthictis · Eutorna · Euzelotica · Exacristis · Exaeretia · Exarsia · Exoditis · Exosphrantis · Fabiola · Falculina · Filinota · Formokamaga · Garrha · Gemorodes · Ghuryx · Glesseumeyrickia · Glycynympha · Gnathotona · Goidanichiana · Gomphoscopa · Gonada · Goniobela · Gonionota · Goniorrhostis · Gonioterma · Gymnobathra · Gymnoceros · Gyrophylla · Habrophylax · Habroscopa · Hadrocheta · Haereta · Halimarmara · Hamadera · Hapalomorpha · Hapaloteucha · Haploscopa · Harpella · Hastamea · Hednophora · Heliocausta · Heliosteres · Heliostibes · Hemibela · Herbulotiana · Heringiana · Hermiona · Hermogenes · Heterobathra · Heterochyta · Heterodmeta · Heterolecta · Heteroptolis · Heteroteucha · Heterozyga · Heureta · Hexerites · Hierodoris · Hieromantis · Himmacia · Himotica · Hippomacha · Hodegia · Hofmannophila · Holoscolia · Homoplastis · Hoplomorpha · Hoplostega · Horridopalpus · Hyalopseustis · Hybocrossa · Hyperoptica · Hyperskeles · Hypersymmoca · Hypertropha · Hypeuryntis · Idiochroa · Idiocrates · Idioglossa · Idiomictis · Idiozancla · Ifeda · Inga · Ioptera · Iphimachaera · Irenia · Irepacma · Ischnodoris · Ischnomorpha · Isocrita · Iulactis · Izatha · Joonggoora · Kasyniana · Lactistica · Lamproxantha · Lamprystica · Langastis · Lasiochira · Lasiodictis · Lasiomactra · Lathicrossa · Latometus · Leistomorpha · Lelita · Lepidechidna · Lepidotarsa · Leptobelistis · Leptocopa · Leptocroca · Lesiandra · Lethata · Letogenes · Leucorhabda · Leurobela · Levipalpus · Lichenaula · Limothnes · Linoclostis · Liocnema · Liparistis · Loboptila · Locheutis · Lophobela · Lophopepla · Loxotoma · Loxozyga · Lucyna · Luquetia · Lygronoma · Macarocosma · Machaeritis · Machetis · Machimia · Macrobela · Macrophara · Macrosaces · Macrozygona · Maesara · Malacognostis · Marisba · Martyrhinga · Martyringa · Mathildana · Melochrysis · Meloteles · Menesta · Menestomorpha · Mermeristis · Mesolecta · Mesothyrsa · Metalampra · Metantithyra · Metaphrastis · Metathrinca · Microlocha · Microphidias · Microsymmocites · Mimodoxa · Mimopictes · Mimozela · Minetia · Minomona · Mnarolitia · Mocquerysiella · Morphotica · Mothonica · Muna · Mylocera · Myrascia · Mysaromima · Mystacernis · Nedenia · Nematochares · Nemepeira · Neoborkhausenites · Neospastis · Neossiosynoeca · Nephantis · Nephogenes · Niphorycta · Nites · Nothochalara · Notosara · Nymphostola · Ochlogenes · Octasphales · Ocyphron · Ocystola · Odites · Odonna · Oecophora · Oenochroa · Oenochrodes · Olbonoma · Opisina · Opsigenes · Opsitycha · Oresitropha · Orophia · Orthiastis · Orygocera · Osmarina · Oxycharis · Oxycrates · Oxypages · Oxyscopa · Oxythecta · Oxytropha · Pachnistis · Pachybela · Pachyphoenix · Pachyrhabda · Paepia · Palaeodepressaria · Palimmeces · Palinorsa · Pansepta · Pantelamprus · Paraborkhausenites · Paraclada · Paralecta · Parapleuris · Pararsia · Parascaeas · Parasophista · Paraspastis · Paratheta · Parocystola · Parodaea · Pattalodes · Pauronota · Pedioxestis · Peleopoda · Pelocharella · Peltosaris · Periacma · Periallactis · Perilachna · Periorycta · Peritornenta · Peritropha · Perixestis · Perzelia · Petalanthes · Petalothyrsa · Petasanthes · Phaeosaces · Phanerolopha · Phaulolechia · Phelotropa · Philametris · Philarga · Philarista · Philetes · Philobota · Philomusaea · Philtronoma · Phloeocetis · Phloeochroa · Pholcobates · Pholeutis · Phracyps · Phratriodes · Phriconyma · Phryganeutis · Phylacteritis · Phyllophanes · Phylomictis · Phytomimia · Phytophlops · Picrogenes · Picrotechna · Piloprepes · Placocosma · Plasmatica · Platactis · Platyphylla · Plectophila · Plesiosticha · Pleurota · Pleurotopsis · Polix · Polyeucta · Polygiton · Pomphocrita · Porthmologa · Potniarcha · Prepalla · Proceleustis · Procometis · Profilinota · Progonica · Promalactis · Promenesta · Proscedes · Proteodes · Prothamnodes · Protobathra · Protochanda · Protomacha · Protonostoma · Protrachyntis · Psaltica · Psaltriodes · Psarolitia · Psephomeres · Pseudaegeria · Pseudepiphractis · Pseuderotis · Pseudethmia · Pseudocentris · Pseudodoxia · Pseudoecophora · Pseudoprocometis · Pseudoprotasis · Pseudotheta · Psilocorsis · Psittacastis · Psorosticha · Ptilobola · Ptochoryctis · Ptochosaris · Ptychothrix · Ptyoptila · Pycnotarsa · Pyramidobela · Pyrgoptila · Pyricausta · Pyrophractis · Rectiostoma · Retha · Revonda · Rhindoma · Rhodanassa · Rhoecoceros · Rhoecoptera · Rhozale · Ripeacma · Saphezona · Saropla · Satrapia · Scalideutis · Schiffermuelleria · Schiffermuellerina · Scieropepla · Scoliographa · Scorpiopsis · Scotodryas · Secitis · Selidoris · Semioscopis · Semnocosma · Semnolocha · Setiostoma · Sipsa · Snellenia · Spaniacma · Sphaerelictis · Sphalerostola · Sphenaspella · Sphyrelata · Stachyneura · Stasixena · Stathmopoda · Stenoma · Stereodytis · Stereoptila · Stereosticha · Sthenozancla · Stochastica · Stoeberhinus · Struthoscelis · Symphorostola · Synchalara · Syndroma · Syscalma · Tachystola · Tanyarches · Tanychastis · Tanyzancla · Taoscelis · Taragmarcha · Taruda · Teerahna · Telanepsia · Telecrates · Teratopsis · Teresita · Terthrotica · Tetraconta · Thalamarchella · Thalerotricha · Thamnocrana · Thamnosara · Thaumatolita · Theatrocopia · Therapnis · Thioscelis · Thudaca · Thyestarcha · Thylacosceles · Thylacosceloides · Thymiatris · Thyrocopa · Thyromorpha · Thysiarcha · Tigava · Timocratica · Tinaegeria · Tinearupa · Tingena · Tinoecophora · Tisobarica · Tonica · Tortilia · Tortricopsis · Trachyntis · Trachypepla · Trachyxysta · Trachyzancla · Trichloma · Trichomoeris · Trigonophylla · Trinaconeura · Triptologa · Trycherodes · Trypherantis · Tubuliferola · Tyriograptis · Tyriomorpha · Tyrolimnas · Tyromantis · Ursina · Utidana · Utilia · Uzucha · Vanicela · Wingia · Woorda · Wullaburra · Xenomicta · Xenophanta · Xerocrates · Xheroctys · Xylesthes · Xylodryadella · Xylomimetes · Xylorycta · Zacorus · Zaphanaula · Zatrichodes · Zauclophora · Zelotechna · Zemiocrita · Zetesima · Zonopetala · Zygolopha · Zymrina
Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8,124 species and subspecies in the Family Oecophoridae.

Oecophoridae

Overview

Subfamilies

Relationship with humans

Footnotes

Subfamilies

Relationship with humans

Footnotes

References

Taxonomy

Genera

Abychodes

Acartophila

Acedesta

Achyrostola

Acompsogma

Acorotricha

Acraephnes

Acria

Acriotes

Actenotis

Aechmioides

Aeolarcha

Aeolernis

Aeolocosma

Aeoloscelis

Afdera

Aglaodes

Agonopterix

Agonopteryx

Agriocoma

Agriophara

Agrioplecta

Agroecodes

Alabonia

Aliciana

Allodapica

Allotropha

Alomenarcha

Altiura

Alynda

Amontes

Amorbaea

Amphipseustis

Amphisbatis

Anacathartis

Anachastis

Anacoemastis

Anadasmus

Analcodes

Anapatris

Ancharcha

Anchonoma

Ancipita

Ancistrodes

Ancistroneura

Ancylometis

Aniuta

Anoditica

Anoecea

Anomobela

Anomozancla

Antaeotricha

Anthocoma

Antiopala

Antipterna

Antisclerota

Antoloea

Aochleta

Apachea

Aplota

Aproopta

Arachnographa

Araeostoma

Archaereta

Arctopoda

Arctoscelis

Areocosma

Arignota

Aristeis