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Larinae

(Subfamily)

Overview

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A Sub-family in the Kingdom Animalia.

Taxonomy

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The Subfamily Larinae is a member of the Family Laridae. Here is the complete "parentage" of Larinae:

The Subfamily Larinae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Allocasuarina

Allocasuarina is a genus of trees in the flowering plant family Casuarinaceae. They are endemic to Australia, occurring primarily in the south. Like the closely related genus Casuarina, they are commonly called sheoaks or she-oaks, they are notable for their long, segmented branchlets that function as leaves. Formally termed , these branchlets somewhat resemble pine needles, although sheoaks are actually flowering plants. The leaves are reduced to minute scales encircling each joint. Fallen cladodes form a dense, soft mat beneath sheoaks, preventing the development of undergrowth and making sheoak woods remarkably quiet. [more]

Anolis

Anolis is a genus of lizards belonging to the family Polychrotidae. With nearly 400 species, Anolis represents the world's most species rich amniote genus. Several species of Anolis are occasionally ascribed to the genus Norops, but the validity of the Norops genus is not widely accepted. The Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis) has recently become the first reptile (not counting birds) to have its complete genome sequenced. [more]

Aptosimum

[more]

Aubrieta

Aubrieta (also Aubretia) is a genus of about 12 species of flowering plants in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. The genus is named after Claude Aubriet, a French flower-painter. It originates from southern Europe east to central Asia but is now a common garden escape throughout Europe. It is a low, spreading plant, hardy, evergreen and perennial, with small violet, pink or white flowers, and inhabits rocks and banks. It prefers light, well-drained soil, is tolerant of a wide pH range, and can grow in partial shade or full sun. [more]

Biebersteinia

[more]

Bifrenaria

Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers. [more]

Bomarea

Bomarea is one of the two major in the plant family Alstroemeriaceae. Most occur in the Andes. Several species are occasionally found as garden plants. [more]

Buxus

Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae. Common names include box (majority of English-speaking countries) or boxwood (North America). [more]

Casmerodius

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[1] [more]

Catharacta

The skuas () are a group of seabirds with about seven species forming the family Stercorariidae and the genus Stercorarius. The three smaller skuas are called jaegers in the Americas. [more]

Cleyera

Shrubs or trees, evergreen. Leaves petiolate; leaf blade margin entire or serrulate. Flowers bisexual, axillary, solitary or several in a cluster. Pedicel 1 cm or more, apically thickened; bracteoles 2, caducous, small, inserted near pedicel apex. Sepals 5, imbricate, unequal, basally slightly connate; outer sepals persistent, small. Petals 5, imbricate, basally connate. Stamens 25-30; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers basifixed, 2-loculed, longitudinally dehiscent, with filiform trichomes, connective apiculate. Ovary usually glabrous, 2- or 3-loculed with 8-16 ovules per locule, placentation axile; style 1, persistent, slender, elongated, apically 2- or 3-lobed. Fruit baccate, ovoid to oblate, with several seeds per locule. Seeds blackish brown, reniform-globose to compressed globose, foveolate, shiny, glabrous; endosperm sparse; embryo curved.[2] [more]

Colchicum

Colchicum is a genus of flowering plants containing around sixty species of perennial plants which grow from corms. It is a member of family Colchicaceae, and is native to West Asia and part of the Mediterranean coast. [more]

Cornus

[more]

Creagrus

The Swallow-tailed Gull (Creagrus furcatus) is an equatorial seabird in the gull family Laridae. It is the only species in the genus Creagrus, which derives from the Latin Creagra and the Greek kreourgos which means butcher, also from kreas, meat; according to Jobling it would mean "hook for meat" referring to the hooked bill of this species. It was first described by French naturalist and surgeon Adolphe-Simon Neboux in 1846. Its scientific name is originally derived from the Greek word for gull, "Glaros" and via Latin Larus, "gull" and furca "two-tined fork". It spends most of its life flying and hunting over the open ocean. The main breeding location is on the rocky shores and cliffs of Hood, Tower and Wolf Island, with lower numbers on most of the other islands. It is more common on the eastern islands where the water is warmer. [more]

Diascia

[more]

Diosphaera

[more]

Ewartia

[more]

Exacum

Exacum is a genus of plant in family Gentianaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Franklinia

Franklinia is a monotypic genus in the tea plant family, Theaceae. The sole species in this genus is a flowering tree, Franklinia alatamaha, commonly called the Franklin tree, and native to the Altamaha River valley in Georgia in the southeastern United States. It has been extinct in the wild since the early 19th century, but survives as a cultivated ornamental tree. [more]

Gabianus

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[3] [more]

Gaviota

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Geranium

Geranium is a genus of 422 species of flowering annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are commonly known as the cranesbills. It is found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, but mostly in the eastern part of the Mediterranean region. The long, palmately cleft leaves are broadly circular in form. The flowers have 5 petals and are colored white, pink, purple or blue, often with distinctive veining. Geraniums will grow in any soil as long as it is not waterlogged. Propagation is by semi-ripe cuttings in summer, by seed, or by division in autumn or spring. [more]

Haemanthus

Haemanthus is a Southern African genus of Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae, with some 22 known species, endemic to South Africa, Namibia and the kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland. About 15 species occur in the winter rainfall region of Namaqualand and the Western Cape, the remainder being found in the summer rainfall region, with one species Haemanthus albiflos occurring in both regions. [more]

Heuchera

The genus Heuchera () includes at least 50 species of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Saxifragaceae, all native to North America. Common names include alumroot and coral bells. They have palmately lobed leaves on long petioles, and a thick, woody rootstock. The genus was named after Johann Heinrich von Heucher (1677?1746), an 18th century German physician. [more]

Juniperus

Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus () of the cypress family Cupressaceae. Depending on taxonomic viewpoint, there are between 50-67 species of juniper, widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, from the Arctic, south to tropical Africa in the Old World, and to the mountains of Central America. [more]

Knautia

Knautia is a genus in the family Dipsacaceae. The common names of these flowers are a variant of "widow flower." Others are given the name "Scabious," although this word belongs to a related genus (Scabiosa). [more]

Larus

Larus is a large genus of gulls with worldwide distribution (although by far the greatest species diversity is in the Northern Hemisphere). Many of its species are abundant and well-known birds in their ranges. Until about 2005?2007, most gulls were placed in this genus, but this arrangement is now known to be polyphyletic, leading to the resurrection of the genera Ichthyaetus, Chroicocephalus, Leucophaeus, and Hydrocoloeus (this last had been recognized more often than the other genera) for several species traditionally included in Larus. [more]

Leucophaeus

Leucophaeus is a small genus of medium-sized New World gulls, most of which are dark in plumage, usually with white crescents above and below the eyes. They were placed in the genus Larus until recently. [more]

Mahonia

Mahonia is a genus of about 70 species of evergreen shrubs in the family Berberidaceae, native to eastern Asia, the Himalaya, North America and Central America. They are closely related to the genus Berberis. Botanists disagree on the acceptability of the genus name Mahonia. Several authorities argue plants in this genus should be included in the genus Berberis because several species in both genera are able to hybridize, and because when the two genera are looked at as a whole, there is no definite morphological separation. Mahonia typically have large, pinnate leaves 10?50 cm long with 5-15 leaflets, and flowers in racemes (5?20 cm long). [more]

Ocyplanus

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Ornithophora

[more]

Orphium

[more]

Pachycymbium

[more]

Paesia

[more]

Pagophila

The Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea is a small gull, the only species in its genus. It breeds in the high arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through Greenland, northernmost North America, and Eurasia. [more]

Paliavana

[more]

Pancratium

Pancratium may be: [more]

Pandorea

Pandorea is a genus of 6 species, of woody climbing vines and creepers in the family Bignoniaceae. They are native to Malesia, Australia and New Caledonia. The two most widely cultivated, mainly for their showy flowers, are the Australian species P. jasminoides (Bower Vine) and P. pandorana (Wonga Vine). All of the plants in Pandorea are subtropical to tropical and are frost-tender. [more]

Panisea

Panisea is a genus of in family Orchidaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete): [more]

Parahebe

[more]

Peltaria

[more]

Pleioblastus

Pleioblastus is a genus of monopodial bamboo. Genetic research indicates that this genus may properly be part of the genus Arundinaria. [more]

Polystichum

Polystichum is a genus of about 180 species of ferns with a cosmopolitan distribution. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with about 120 species in China alone; Africa (17 species), North America (15 species), and Europe (5 species) have much lower diversity. [more]

Quinchamalium

[more]

Rhodostethia

The Ross's Gull (Rhodostethia rosea) is a small gull, the only species in its genus, although it has been suggested it should be moved to the genus Hydrocoloeus, which otherwise only includes the Little Gull. [more]

Rissa

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[4] [more]

Rossioglossum

[more]

Rracenia

[more]

Rynchops

The Skimmers, Rynchopidae, are a small family of tern-like birds in the order Charadriiformes, which also includes the waders, gulls and auks. The family comprises three species found in South Asia, Africa, and the Americas. [more]

Salix

Willows, sallows, and osiers form the genus Salix, around 400 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most species are known as willow, but some narrow-leaved shrub species are called osier, and some broader-leaved species are referred to as sallow (from Old English sealh, related to the Latin word salix, willow). Some willows (particularly arctic and alpine species) are low-growing or creeping shrubs; for example, the dwarf willow (Salix herbacea) rarely exceeds 6 cm (2 in) in height, though it spreads widely across the ground. [more]

Schizopetalon

Schizopetalon (syn. Schizopetalum Sims) is a genus of the botanical family Brassicaceae. [more]

Sibiraea

Shrubs deciduous, polygamo-dioecious. Branches stout, terete; buds ovoid, scales alternate, purplish brown. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, subsessile, simple, midvein distinct, lateral veins in 3-5 pairs, margin entire. Inflorescence terminal, pedunculate, a dense, spikelike, many-flowered panicle; bracts lanceolate, margin entire. Flowers shortly pedicellate, small. Hypanthium shallowly campanulate. Sepals 5, erect, persistent in fruit, margin entire, apex acute. Petals 5, white, longer than sepals. Stamens 20-25, slightly shorter to slightly longer than petals, vestigial in female flowers. Carpels 5, connate at base. Follicles erect, long ellipsoid, dehiscent along whole adaxial suture and abaxially near apex. Seeds usually 2, rather large.[5] [more]

Stachyurus

Morphological characters and geographic distribution are the same as those of the family.[6] [more]

Stenomesson

[more]

Stylidium

Stylidium (also known as triggerplants or trigger plants) is a genus of dicotyledonous plants that belong to the family Stylidiaceae. The genus name Stylidium is derived from the Greek st???? or stylos (column or pillar), which refers to the distinctive reproductive structure that its flowers possess. Pollination is achieved through the use of the sensitive "trigger", which comprises the male and female reproductive organs fused into a floral column that snaps forward quickly in response to touch, harmlessly covering the insect in pollen. Most of the approximately 300 species are only found in Australia, making it the fifth largest genus in that country. Triggerplants are considered to be protocarnivorous or carnivorous because the glandular trichomes that cover the scape and flower can trap, kill, and digest small insects with protease enzymes produced by the plant. [more]

Thlaspi

Thlaspi are a genus of herbs of temperate regions. The rare species T. perfoliatum occurs primarily in Oxfordshire, England and is protected under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan. [more]

Tiarella

The Foamflowers (Tiarella) are a popular genus of wildflower and garden plants. They belong to the Saxifrage family (Saxifragaceae). Some species are: [more]

Tuberaria

Tuberaria (rockrose) is a genus of about 112 species of annual or perennial plants in the rockrose family Cistaceae, native to western and southern Europe. They occur on dry, stony sites, often close to the sea. [more]

Xema

The Sabine's Gull is a small gull. Its generic placement is disputed; some authors treat it as the sole species in the genus Xema as Xema sabini, while others retain it in the genus Larus as Larus sabini. It breeds in the arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through northernmost North America and Eurasia. It migrates south in autumn; most of the population winters at sea in the Pacific off western South America in the cold waters of the Humboldt Current, while Greenland and eastern Canadian birds cross the Atlantic by way of the westernmost fringes of Europe to winter off southwest Africa in the cold waters of the Benguela Current. Occasionally individual Sabine's Gulls can be seen off other coasts such as the northeastern United States or further east in Europe, typically following autumn storms. [more]

Xylanthemum

[more]

At least 8 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Xylanthemum.

More info about the Genus Xylanthemum may be found here.

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=21996
  2. Tianlu Min & Bruce Bartholomew "Cleyera". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 430, 434, 443,478. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  3. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=22046
  4. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=1264
  5. Ku Tsue-chih, Crinan Alexander "Sibiraea". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 73. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
  6. Qiner Yang & Peter Stevens "Stachyurus". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 138. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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Last Revised: August 24, 2012
2012/08/24 20:08:06