Overview
Gloydius is a of venomous pitvipers found in Asia. Named after Howard Gloyd, this group is very similar to the North American genus Agkistrodon. Nine species are currently recognized.2]
Geographic Range
Found in Russia, east of the Ural Mountains through Siberia, Iran, Himalayas from Pakistan, India, Nepal, China, Korea, Japan and the Ryukyu Islands.[1]
Species
*) Not including the nominate subspecies.
T) Type species.
Taxonomy
Due to the strong morphological similarity, these snakes were classified in Agkistrodon until very recently. However, as of 1999 cladistic studies clearly show that Agkistrodon did not form a clade (indeed, it was not even paraphyletic), and has thus been split into several genera.
A new species, G. tsushimaensis, was described by Isogawa, Moriya & Mitsui (1994). It is referred to as the Tsushima island pitviper and is found only on Tsushima Island, Japan.
Taxonomy
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Deuterostomia
Grobben, 1908 - Deuterostomes
- Infrakingdom: Chordonia
(Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum: Chordata
Bateson, 1885 - Chordates
- Subphylum: Vertebrata
Cuvier, 1812 - Vertebrates
- Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Auct. - Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass: Tetrapoda
Goodrich, 1930 - Tetrapods
- Class: Sauropsida
- Subclass: Diapsida
- Infraclass: Lepidosauromorpha
- Superorder: Lepidosauria
- Order: Squamata
(SKWA-ma-tuh)
- snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians
- Suborder: Serpentes
(C. Linnaeus, 1758) - Snakes
- Superfamily: Colubroidea
- Family: Viperidae
- Vipers and Pit Vipers
- Subfamily: Crotalinae
- Pit Vipers
- Genus: Gloydius
- Subfamily: Crotalinae
- Pit Vipers
- Family: Viperidae
- Vipers and Pit Vipers
- Superfamily: Colubroidea
- Suborder: Serpentes
(C. Linnaeus, 1758) - Snakes
- Order: Squamata
(SKWA-ma-tuh)
- snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians
- Superorder: Lepidosauria
- Infraclass: Lepidosauromorpha
- Subclass: Diapsida
- Class: Sauropsida
- Superclass: Tetrapoda
Goodrich, 1930 - Tetrapods
- Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Auct. - Jawed Vertebrates
- Subphylum: Vertebrata
Cuvier, 1812 - Vertebrates
- Phylum: Chordata
Bateson, 1885 - Chordates
- Infrakingdom: Chordonia
(Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Branch: Deuterostomia
Grobben, 1908 - Deuterostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Genus Gloydius is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 36 species and subspecies in the Genus Gloydius: G. blomhoffi (Mamushi) · G. blomhoffi blomhoffi (Mamushi) · G. blomhoffi brevicaudus · G. blomhoffii (Mamushi) · G. blomhoffii blomhoffii (Mamushi) · G. blomhoffii dubitatus · G. blomhoffii siniticus · G. brevicaudus · G. brevicaudus brevicaudus · G. brevicaudus siniticus · G. halys (Halys Pit Viper (Halys) · G. halys affinis · G. halys boehmei · G. halys caraganus · G. halys caucasicus · G. halys cognatus · G. halys halys (Halys Pit Viper (Halys) · G. halys liupanensis · G. halys mogoi · G. halys stejnegeri · G. himalayanus (Himalayan Pitviper) · G. intermedius (Central Asian Pitviper) · G. intermedius caucasicus · G. intermedius intermedius · G. intermedius saxatilis · G. intermedius stejnegeri · G. monticola (Likiang Pitviper) · G. saxatilis · G. saxatilis changdaoensis · G. saxatilis saxatilis · G. shedaoensis (Shedao Island Pitviper) · G. shedaoensis qianshanensis · G. shedaoensis shedaoensis · G. strauchi (Strauch?s Pitviper) · G. tsushimaensis (E; Tsushima Island Pitviper) · G. ussuriensis (Ussuri Mamushi)
References
- ^ a b c McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ^ a b c d Gloydius (TSN 634414). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved on 17 October 2006.
- ^ Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. GeitjeBooks Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. ISBN 3-937975-00-4.
- ^ Gloyd HK, Conant R. 1990. Snakes of the Agkistrodon Complex: A Monographic Review. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 614 pp. 52 plates. LCCN 89-50342. ISBN 0-916984-20-6.
Sources
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