Overview
Ensifera is a suborder of the order Orthoptera, comprising insects commonly known as crickets, katydids and bush crickets. "Ensifer" means "sword bearer" in Latin, and refers to the typically elongated and blade-like ovipositor of the females. The classification of the suborder was drastically revised in December 2005 by the Orthopterists' Society.
Photos
Taxonomy
The Suborder Ensifera is a member of the Order Orthoptera. Here is the complete "parentage" of Ensifera:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Class: Insecta
c. linnaeus, 1758
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Superorder: Orthopterida
- Order: Orthoptera
Latreille, 1793 - Locusts, Katydids, Crickets, Grasshoppers
- Suborder: Ensifera (en-SIF-er-uh) Ander, 1939
- Order: Orthoptera
Latreille, 1793 - Locusts, Katydids, Crickets, Grasshoppers
- Superorder: Orthopterida
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Class: Insecta
c. linnaeus, 1758
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
snodgrass, 1938
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Suborder Ensifera is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Infraorder (6): Elcanidea · Gryllidea · Oedischiidea · Schizodactylidea · Stenopelmatidea · Tettigoniidea
- Family (50): Adumbratomorphidae · Anelcanidae · Anostostomatidae · Baissogryllidae · Bintoniellidae · Cachoplistidae · Cooloolidae · Elcanidae · Eneopteridae · Gryllacrididae · Gryllavidae · Gryllidae · Gryllotalpidae · Haglidae · Hagloedischiidae · Haglotettigoniidae · Lezinidae · Macropathidae · Mesoedischiidae · Mimnermidae · Mogoplistidae · Myrmecophilidae · Oecanthidae · Oedischiidae · Pentacentridae · Permelcanidae · Permoraphidiidae · Phalangopsidae · Phaneropteridae · Phasmomimidae · Proparagryllacrididae · Prophalangopsidae · Protogryllidae · Pruvostitidae · Pseudelcanidae · Pseudophyllidae · Pteroplistidae · Raphoglidae · Rhaphidophoridae · Schizodactylidae · Scleropteridae · Stenopelmatidae · Tcholmanvissiidae · Tettigoniidae · Thueringoedischiidae · Triassomanteidae · Trigonidiidae · Tuphellidae · Vitimiidae · Xenopteridae
Families
Adumbratomorphidae
Anelcanidae
Anostostomatidae
Anostostomatidae is a family in the order Orthoptera. It is sometimes referred to as Mimnermidae or Henicidae in some taxonomies, and common names include King crickets in South Africa, and wetas in New Zealand. They are believed to be most closely related to the Jerusalem crickets of North America. Prominent members includes the Parktown prawn of South Africa, and the giant wetas of New Zealand. The cave wetas belong to another family, the Rhaphidophoridae. [more]
Baissogryllidae
Bintoniellidae
Cachoplistidae
Cooloolidae
Cooloola is a genus of ensiferan orthopterans. It is the only genus in the family Cooloolidae of the superfamily Gryllacridoidea. [more]
Elcanidae
Eneopteridae
Gryllacrididae
A Gryllacrididae are Australian insect related to a grasshopper. They are known for being more aggressive than other insects. They are also referred to as "camel crickets." [more]
Gryllavidae
Gryllidae
Crickets, family Gryllidae (also known as "true crickets"), are insects somewhat related to grasshoppers and more closely related to katydids or bush crickets (family Tettigoniidae). They have somewhat flattened bodies and long antennae. There are about 900 species of crickets. They tend to be nocturnal and are often confused with grasshoppers because they have a similar body structure including jumping hind legs. [more]
Gryllotalpidae
The mole crickets compose family Gryllotalpidae, of thick-bodied insects about 3-5 cm (1-2 inches) long, with large beady eyes and shovel-like forelimbs highly developed for burrowing and swimming. They can also fly—the adult mole cricket may fly as far as 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) during mating season, is active most of the year, and spends the winter in hibernation. Younger insects can have shorter wings, and their appearance varies by species, with some resembling grasshoppers or very large ants or dark-colored "termites" when wings are short. [more]
Haglidae
Hagloedischiidae
Haglotettigoniidae
Lezinidae
Macropathidae
Mesoedischiidae
Mimnermidae
Mogoplistidae
Myrmecophilidae
The ant crickets are rarely-encountered relatives of crickets, and are obligate inquilines within ant nests. They are very small, wingless, and flattened, therefore resembling small cockroach nymphs. There are a few genera, containing fewer than 100 species. [more]
Oecanthidae
Oedischiidae
Pentacentridae
Permelcanidae
Permoraphidiidae
Phalangopsidae
Phaneropteridae
Phasmomimidae
Proparagryllacrididae
Prophalangopsidae
"Grig" redirects here. For the fictional Dungeons and Dragons creature, see Fey (Dungeons & Dragons). [more]
Protogryllidae
Pruvostitidae
Pseudelcanidae
Pseudophyllidae
Pteroplistidae
Raphoglidae
Rhaphidophoridae
The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae includes the cave wetas, cave crickets, camel crickets and sand treaders, of the suborder Ensifera, most are found in association with caves, animal burrows, cellars, under stones, or in similar environments. They are characterized in part by their long antennae and legs. They may be found on all continents and many continental islands, though Africa has but one species and that is confined to the southern Cape region. Those occurring in New Zealand, Australia, and Tasmania are typically referred to as wetas. [more]
Schizodactylidae
Schizodactylidae is a family of orthopteran insects found in Asia and Africa, known as dune crickets or splay-footed crickets. They are usually found in desert and sandy areas. Some species are believed to be predatory. T. B. Fletcher notes that one individual did not feed on any vegetable matter. [more]
Scleropteridae
Stenopelmatidae
Jerusalem crickets (genus Stenopelmatus) are a group of large (body length up to 69mm), flightless insects native to the western United States, along the Pacific Coast, and south into Mexico. Because of their large, human-like head, they are commonly called niño de la tierra (Spanish for "child of the earth"), Earth baby, cara de niño (Spanish for "child's face"), wó see ts'inii (Navajo for "skull insect"), or old bald-headed man. They are also often called potato bugs. [more]
Tcholmanvissiidae
Tettigoniidae
For the rock band Katydids, see Katydids (band). [more]
Thueringoedischiidae
Triassomanteidae
Trigonidiidae
Tuphellidae
Vitimiidae
Xenopteridae
More info about the Family xenopteridae may be found here.
Sources
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