Overview
Enidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 (according to the values in this table).[1]
Taxonomy
1998 taxonomy
The following subfamilies of Enidae are based on work by Schileyko (1998)[2] and they are in use mainly by Russian malacologists:[3]
- subfamily Pseudonapaeinae
- subfamily Chondrulopsininae
- subfamily Merdigerinae
- subfamily Buliminusinae
- subfamily Andronakiinae
- subfamily Retowskiinae
- subfamily Eninae - including Chondrula
- subfamily Multidentulini
2005 taxonomy
The following two subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
- subfamily Eninae B. B. Woodward, 1903 (1880)
- tribus Enini B. B. Woodward, 1903 (1880) - synonyms: Napaeinae A. J. Wagner, 1928; Jaminiinae Thiele, 1931; Pseudonapaeinae Schileyko, 1978; Retowskiinae Schileyko, 1978; Andronakiinae Schileyko, 1998
- tribus Chondrulini Wenz, 1923
- tribus Multidentulini Schileyko, 1978 - synonyms: Chondrulopsininae Schileyko, 1978; Merdigerinae Schileyko, 1984; Euchondrinae Schileyko, 1998
- subfamily Buliminusinae Kobelt, 1880 - synonym Buliminidae Pfeiffer, 1879
Genera
Genera within the family Enidae include:
subfamilia Eninae
- Boninena Habe, 1956
either in Enini or in Chondrulini[clarification needed]
- Brephulopsis Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Caucasicola Hesse, 1917[3]
- Chondrus Cuvier, 1817[3]
- Georginapaeus Schileyko, 1988[3]
- Peristoma Krynicki, 1833[3]
- Ramusculus Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Thoanteus Lindholm, 1925[3]
- tribus Enini
- Akramowskiella Schileyko, 1984[3]
- Andronakia Lindholm, 1914[3]
- Clausilioides Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Differena Schileyko, 1984[3]
- Ena Turton, 1831[3] - type genus of the family Enidae
- Geminula Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Imparietula Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Jaminia Risso, 1826
- Laevozebrinus Lindholm, 1925[3]
- Ljudmilena Schileyko, 1984[3]
- Mastoides Westerlund, 1896[4][3]
- Megalena Hausdorf, 1999[5] There is only one species Megalena crassa (Retowski, 1887) in the genus Megalena.
- Napaeus Albers, 1850
- Ottorosenia Muratov, 1992[3]
- Pseudochondrula Hesse, 1933[3]
- Pseudonapaeus Westerlund, 1887[3]
- Retowskia O. Boettger, 1881[3]
- Subzebrinus Westerlund, 1887[3]
- Turanena Lindholm, 1922[3]
- tribus Chondrulini
- tribus Multidentulini
subfamily Buliminusinae
- Adzharia Hesse, 1933[3]
- Buliminus Beck, 1837[3] - type genus of the subfamily Buliminusinae
- Cyrenaeus Heller, 1971
- Mordania Bank & Neubert, 1998
- Paramastus Hesse, 1933
- Pene Pallary, 1929
subfamily ?
erence">[3]- tribus Chondrulini
- tribus Multidentulini
subfamily Buliminusinae
- Adzharia Hesse, 1933[3]
- Buliminus Beck, 1837[3] - type genus of the subfamily Buliminusinae
- Cyrenaeus Heller, 1971
- Mordania Bank & Neubert, 1998
- Paramastus Hesse, 1933
- Pene Pallary, 1929
subfamily ?
References
- ^ Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
- ^ Schileyko A. A. (1998). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 2. Gastrocoptidea, Hypselostomatidae, Vertiginidae, Truncatellinidae, Pachynodidae, Enidae, Sagdidae. Ruthenica Supplement 2(2): 129-261.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". Version 2.3.
- ^ Schileyko A. A. (2007). "On the genus Mastoides Westerlund, 1896 (Pulmonata, Enidae)". Ruthenica 17(1-2): 85-87. abstract.
- ^ Hausdorf H. (1999) "A new genus of the Buliminidae from Turkey (Gastropoda: S tylommatophora)" Journal of Natural History 33: 149-154. PDF
- ^ a b Altaba C. R. (2007). "A new genus and species of Enidae (Gastopoda (sic!): Pulmonata) from the Quaternary of the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean)". Zootaxa 1595: 43-52. first page only.
External links
- Enidae at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Taxonomy
The Family Enidae is a member of the Superfamily Enoidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Enidae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Lophotrochozoa
- Lophotrochozoans
- Superphylum: Eutrochozoa
- Phylum: Mollusca
(C. Linnaeus, 1758) Cuvier, 1795 - Molluscs
- Class: Gastropoda
Cuvier, 1795 - Snails and Slugs
- Subclass: Orthogastropoda
Ponder & Lindberg, 1996
- Superorder: Heterobranchia
J.E. Gray, 1840
- Order: Pulmonata
Cuvier, in Blainville, 1814 - land snails and slugs
- Suborder: Eupulmonata
(Haszprunar & Huber, 1990)
- Infraorder: Stylommatophora A. Schmidt, 1855
- Suborder: Eupulmonata
(Haszprunar & Huber, 1990)
- Order: Pulmonata
Cuvier, in Blainville, 1814 - land snails and slugs
- Superorder: Heterobranchia
J.E. Gray, 1840
- Subclass: Orthogastropoda
Ponder & Lindberg, 1996
- Class: Gastropoda
Cuvier, 1795 - Snails and Slugs
- Phylum: Mollusca
(C. Linnaeus, 1758) Cuvier, 1795 - Molluscs
- Superphylum: Eutrochozoa
- Infrakingdom: Lophotrochozoa
- Lophotrochozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Family Enidae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Genus (19): Brephulopsis · Buliminus · Ena · Eubrephulus · Euchondrus · Mastus · Meijeriella · Merdigera · Multidentula · Napaeopsis · Pachnodus · Paramastus · Pene · Peristoma · Pseudochondrula · Rhabdoena · Spelaeoconcha · Thoanteus · Zebrina
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 87 species and subspecies in the Family Enidae.
Genera
Brephulopsis
Buliminus
Ena
Eubrephulus
Euchondrus
Euchondrus is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. [more]
Mastus
Meijeriella
Merdigera
Multidentula
Napaeopsis
Pachnodus
Pachnodus is a of gastropod in the Enidae family. It contains the following species: [more]
Paramastus
Pene
Penne ( or US /'p?ne?/) is a type of pasta with cylinder-shaped pieces. Penne is the plural form of the Italian penna, deriving from Latin penna (meaning "feather" or "quill"), and is a cognate of the English word pen. In Italy, penne are produced in two main variants: "penne lisce" (smooth) and "penne rigate" (furrowed), the latter having ridges on each penna. There is also pennoni ("big quills"), which is a wider version of penne. The same or similar shape is also called mostaccioli (meaning "little mustache" in Italian, a form of penne lisce that is smooth, not ridged, in texture) and ziti (long hollow rods which are also smooth in texture and have square-cut edges; "cut ziti" are ziti cut into shorter tubes), and can refer to particular dishes made from penne-shaped pasta. There is also zitoni, which is a wider version of ziti. It can be somewhat difficult to differentiate between subtypes of penne in the USA, since regional differences in product naming can result in both ridged and smooth forms of penne being labelled interchangeably. In the U.S., many people refer to penne as "penne pasta," while other types of pasta are not typically referred to in this manner. [more]
Peristoma
Pseudochondrula
Rhabdoena
Spelaeoconcha
Thoanteus
Zebrina
This page is about gastropod genus Zebrina of Buliminidae family. [more]
At least 15 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Zebrina.
More info about the Genus Zebrina may be found here.
References
- ^ Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
- ^ Schileyko A. A. (1998). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 2. Gastrocoptidea, Hypselostomatidae, Vertiginidae, Truncatellinidae, Pachynodidae, Enidae, Sagdidae. Ruthenica Supplement 2(2): 129-261.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". Version 2.3.
- ^ Schileyko A. A. (2007). "On the genus Mastoides Westerlund, 1896 (Pulmonata, Enidae)". Ruthenica 17(1-2): 85-87. abstract.
- ^ Hausdorf H. (1999) "A new genus of the Buliminidae from Turkey (Gastropoda: S tylommatophora)" Journal of Natural History 33: 149-154. PDF
- ^ a b Altaba C. R. (2007). "A new genus and species of Enidae (Gastopoda (sic!): Pulmonata) from the Quaternary of the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean)". Zootaxa 1595: 43-52. first page only.
Sources
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