Overview
Diaspididae is the largest family of with over 2650 described species in around 400 genera. As with all scale insects, the female produces a waxy protective scale beneath which it feeds on its host plant. Diaspidid scales are far more substantial than those of most other families: Incorporating the exuviae from the first two nymphal instars and sometimes faecal matter and fragments of the host plant, these can be complex and extremely waterproof structures rather resembling a suit of armour. For this reason these insects are commonly referred to as armoured scale insects. As it is so robust and firmly attached to the host plant, the scale often persists long after the insect has died.
Species include:
- Aonidiella aurantii - California red scale
- Aspidiotus perniciosus - San Jose scale
- Abgrallaspis cyanophylli - cyanophyllum scale
- Lepidosaphes ulmi - oystershell scale
Photos
Taxonomy
The Family Diaspididae is a member of the Superfamily Coccoidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Diaspididae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Class: Insecta
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - Insects
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Superorder: Condylognatha
- Order: Hemiptera
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- Plant Lice
- Infraorder: Aphidomorpha
- Superfamily: Coccoidea
(Fallén, 1814)
- Family: Diaspididae - Armored Scale Insects
- Superfamily: Coccoidea
(Fallén, 1814)
- Infraorder: Aphidomorpha
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- Plant Lice
- Order: Hemiptera
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies
- Superorder: Condylognatha
- Infraclass: Pterygota
- Winged Insects
- Subclass: Dicondylia
- Class: Insecta
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - Insects
- Superclass: Panhexapoda
- Infraphylum: Atelocerata
Heymons, 1901
- Subphylum: Mandibulata
Snodgrass, 1938
- Phylum: Arthropoda
Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods
- Superphylum: Panarthropoda
Cuvier
- Infrakingdom: Ecdysozoa
Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - ecdysozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Family Diaspididae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Subfamily (1): Bombinae
- Tribe (1): Bombini
- Genus (94): Abgrallaspis · Acanthaspidiotus · Acanthomytilus · Acutaspis · Adiscodiaspis · Adiscofiorinia · Africaspis · Anamaspis · Andaspis · Aonidia · Aonidiella · Aspidiaspis · Aspidiella · Aspidiotus · Aulacaspis · Caia · Carulaspis · Cephalaspis · Chionaspis · Chortinaspis · Chrysomphalus · Contigaspis · Cryptaspidiotus · Cryptophyllaspis · Dentachionaspis · Diaspidiotus · Diaspidious · Diaspis · Duplachionaspis · Duplaspidiotus · Dynaspidiotus · Epidiaspis · Evallaspis · Fiorinia · Formosaspis · Furcaspis · Furchaspis · Greeniella · Gymnaspi · Gymnaspis · Haliaspis · Hemiberlesia · Ischaspis · Kuwanaspis · Lapazia · Ledaspis · Lepidoasaphes · Lepidosaphes · Lepidposaphes · Leucaspis · Lindingaspis · Maskellanna · Melamaspis · Melanaspis · Microparlatoria · Mohelnaspis · Morganella · Mycetaspis · Nelaspis · Neoleonardia · Nuclaspis · Nuculaspis · Oceanaspidiotus · Octaspidiotus · Odonaspis · Paraonidia · Parlatoria · Pinaspis · Pinnaspis · Poliaspiodes · Poliaspoides · Polyaspis · Primaspis · Prodigaspis · Protodiaspis · Pseudaonidia · Pseudaulacaspis · Quadraspidiotus · Radiaspis · Ramachandraspis · Rhizaspidiotus · Rugaspidiotus · Rutherfordia · Salicicola · Selenaspidus · Sepanaspis · Shansiaspis · Targionia · Thoa · Triaspis · Umbaspis · Unaspis · Velataspis · Xiphuraspis
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 829 species and subspecies in the Family Diaspididae.
Genera
Abgrallaspis
Acanthaspidiotus
Acanthomytilus
Acutaspis
Adiscodiaspis
Adiscofiorinia
Africaspis
Anamaspis
Andaspis
Aonidia
Aonidiella
Aspidiaspis
Aspidiella
Aspidiotus
Aspidiotus is a genus of . It includes several agricultural and horticultural pests. [more]
Aulacaspis
Caia
Carulaspis
Cephalaspis
Chionaspis
Chortinaspis
Chrysomphalus
Contigaspis
Cryptaspidiotus
Cryptophyllaspis
Dentachionaspis
Diaspidiotus
Diaspidious
Diaspis
Duplachionaspis
Duplaspidiotus
Dynaspidiotus
Epidiaspis
Evallaspis
Fiorinia
Formosaspis
Furcaspis
Furchaspis
Greeniella
Gymnaspi
Gymnaspis
Haliaspis
Hemiberlesia
Ischaspis
Kuwanaspis
Lapazia
Ledaspis
Lepidoasaphes
Lepidosaphes
Lepidposaphes
Leucaspis
Lindingaspis
Maskellanna
Melamaspis
Melanaspis
Microparlatoria
Mohelnaspis
Morganella
Mycetaspis
Nelaspis
Neoleonardia
Nuclaspis
Nuculaspis
Oceanaspidiotus
Octaspidiotus
Odonaspis
Paraonidia
Parlatoria
Pinaspis
Pinnaspis
Poliaspiodes
Poliaspoides
Polyaspis
Primaspis
Prodigaspis
Protodiaspis
Pseudaonidia
Pseudaulacaspis
Quadraspidiotus
Radiaspis
Ramachandraspis
Rhizaspidiotus
Rugaspidiotus
Rutherfordia
Salicicola
Selenaspidus
Sepanaspis
Shansiaspis
Targionia
A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Thoa
Triaspis
Umbaspis
Unaspis
Velataspis
Xiphuraspis
At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Xiphuraspis.
More info about the Genus Xiphuraspis may be found here.
References
- Howard, Forrest (2001). Insects on Palms. CABI Publishing. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=IL5jorrwFLYC.
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Thursday, August 13, 2009.
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