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Colubridae

(Family)

Overview

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The family Colubridae, which includes the kingsnakes (Lampropeltis spp.), is the largest, most widespread, and diverse family of snakes, with few physical characteristics universal among all species. The family contains 70 percent of the known species of snakes, with more than 1700 species worldwide (Pough et al. 1998). Although some colubrids are dangerously venomous, most are harmless to humans. [1]

Taxonomy

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The Family Colubridae is a member of the Superfamily Colubroidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Colubridae:

The Family Colubridae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Ablabes

[more]

Achalinus

Achalinus is a of harmless colubrid colubrid snakes found in Japan, Taiwan, China and northern Vietnam. Nine species are currently recognized. [more]

Adelophis

[more]

Adelphicos

The genus Adelphicos consists of ten species of . These snakes can be found in the Central American continent, mostly in Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. [more]

Aeluroglena

[more]

Afronatrix

[more]

Ahaetulla

Ahaetulla is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as vine snakes, or whip snakes. They are found predominantly from Sri Lanka India through to Korea and much of southeast Asia, including many Pacific islands. They are mildly venomous and what is commonly termed as 'rear-fanged' or more appropriately, opisthoglyphous, meaning their enlarged teeth or fangs intended to aid in venom delivery are set back in their jaw, instead of in the front like they are in vipers or cobras. [more]

Alluaudina

[more]

Alsophis

Alsophis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. They are among those snakes called "racers" and occur throughout the Caribbean. [more]

Amastridium

[more]

Ameiseophis

Amphiesma

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Amphiesmoides

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Amplorhinus

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Anoplohydrus

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Antillophis

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Aplopeltura

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Aporophis

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Apostolepis

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Argyrogena

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Arizona

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Arrhyton

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Aspidura

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Asthenodipsas

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Atractus

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Atretium

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Balanophis

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Bibilava

Blythia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Boaedon

[more]

Bogertophis

Bogertophis is a of New World rat snakes found in the southwestern United States and into northern Mexico. There are two accepted species. The genus is named in honor of the American herpetologist, Charles Mitchill Bogert.[1] [more]

Bogertrophis

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Boiga

Boiga is a large of mildly venomous, rear-fanged, colubrid snakes typically known as the cat-eyed snakes or just cat snakes. They are primarily found throughout southeast Asia, India and Australia, but due to their extremely hardy nature and adaptability have spread to many other suitable habitats around the world. There are 33 recognized species in the genus. [more]

Boiruna

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Boissoneaua

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Bothrolycus

Bothrolycus is a of colubrid snakes that contains only a single species: Günther's Black Snake (Bothrolycus ater). [more]

Bothrophthalmus

Bothrophthalmus is a of colubrid snakes containing a single species, Bothrophthalmus lineatus, more commonly known as the Red-Black Striped Snake. There are two recognized subspecies: [more]

Brygophis

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Buhoma

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Calamaria

Calamaria is a genus of snakes of family . The species Calamaria pavimentata is found in Asia. [more]

Calamodontophis

Calamodontophis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Calamorhabdium

[more]

Carophophis

[more]

Carphophis

Carphophis is a of small colubrid snakes. The genus consists of two species, which are divided into the eastern and western types. They are found only in the eastern half of the United States. [more]

Catostoma

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Cemophora

Cemaphora coccinea is a non-venomous of colubrid snake commonly known as a scarlet snake. It is the only member of its genus. They are native to the southeastern United States. There are three subspecies of C. coccinea. [more]

Cemphora

Cercaspis

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Cercophis

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Chamaelycus

Chamaelycus is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as
[more]

Chapinophis

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Chersodromus

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Chilomeniscus

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Chionactis

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Chironius

Chironius is a of New World colubrid snakes, commonly called sipos (from the Portuguese word cipó for the liana), savanes, or sometimes vine snakes. [more]

Chlorophis

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Chrysopelea

Chrysopelea, or more commonly known as the flying snake, is a that belongs to the family Colubridae. Flying snakes are mildly venomous, though they are considered harmless because their toxicity is not dangerous to humans. Their range of habitat is mostly concentrated in Southeast Asia, the Melanesian islands, and India. [more]

Clelia

The mussurana or musurana (Portuguese muçurana) are six species of colubrid snakes distributed from Guatemala to Brazil, which specialize in ophiophagy, i.e., they attack and eat other snakes. They have other popular names in various countries, such as zopilota in Central America and cribo on some Caribbean islands. The species of mussurana are Clelia clelia (Daudin) (also called Pseudoboa clelia Serié 1921, Pseudoboa occipitolutea Serié 1936, Boiruna maculata Leynaud & Bucher 1999, Clelia occipitolutea Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970, Oxyrhopus cloelia Boulenger 1886, Brachyruton cloelia Duméril Bibron & Duméril 1854, Clelia daudinii Fitzinger 1826, Coluber clelia Daudin 1803 and distributed mostly in South America) and Clelia scytalis (in Central America). [1] [2] [more]

Cloelia

Clonophis

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Cochliophagus

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Coelognathus

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Collorhabdium

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Coluber

Coluber is a of thin bodied, fast moving, colubrid snakes commonly known as racers. They are widespread around the world and vary greatly in habitat and behaviour. In the past, Coluber was a catch-all genus which included almost all snake species known at the time. Even the cobra was once classified as Coluber naja. [more]

Colubrinae

Compsophis

[more]

Coniophanes

Coniophanes is a large of colubrid snakes, typically referred to as black-striped snakes, but they also go by many other common names. The genus consists of 13 species, and despite the common name, not all of them display striping. They are found primarily in Mexico and Central America, but range as far north as the United States, in southern Texas, and as far south as South America, in Peru. [more]

Conophis

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Conopsis

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Contia

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Coronella

Coronella is a of harmless colubrids found in Europe, North Africa and West Asia. Three species are currently recognized. [more]

Coryphodon

Coryphodon is an extinct of mammal. It was widespread in North America between 59 and 51 million years ago. It is regarded as the ancestor of the genus Hypercoryphodon of Mid Eocene Mongolia. [more]

Crisantophis

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Crotaphopeltis

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Cryophis

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Cyclocorus

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Cyclophiops

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Cyclophis

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Darlingtonia

A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Dasypeltis

Dasypeltis is a of colubrid snakes. It is one of only two taxonomic groups of snakes known to have adapted to feed exclusively on eggs. (The other being the snakes of the genus Elachistodon.) They are non-venomous and found throughout the continent of Africa, primarily in forested habitats that are also home to numerous species of birds. [more]

Dendrelaphis

Dendrelaphis is a of colubrid snakes, which includes various tree snakes of Australia, New Guinea and Asia. [more]

Dendrelaphus

Dendrolycus

Dendrolycus is a of colubrid snake which contains one species - the Cameroon Rainforest Snake (Dendrolycus elapoides). [more]

Dendrophidion

Dendrophidion is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as forest racers. Their range stretches from south eastern Mexico to Bolivia. [more]

Dendrophis

[more]

Diadophis

The Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus) is a of colubrid snake which is harmless to humans. There is some evidence that oral secretions produced by at least some subspecies, such as D. p. occidentalis are highly toxic to their prey. An enlarged tooth at the back of the mouth is thought to play a role on the envenomation of prey. It is the only species within the genus Diadophis, and has fourteen subspecies which are found from southeastern Canada, throughout much of the United States, to northern Mexico. [more]

Diaphorolepis

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Dinodon

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Dipsadoboa

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Dipsas

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Dipsina

Dipsina is a of colubrid snake that contains one species: the Dwarf Beaked Snake, also known as the Western Beaked Snake - Dipsina multimaculata [more]

Dispholidus

A boomslang (Dispholidus typus) is a relatively small, colubrid snake native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is currently the only species in its genus, although several species and subspecies have been described in the past. Its name means "tree snake" in Afrikaans and Dutch ("boom" meaning tree, and "slang" meaning snake). In Afrikaans the name is pronounced [bu?omsl??]. The snake is thought to be closely related to members of the genera Thelotornis, Thrasops, Rhamnophis, and Xyelodontophis, with which it forms the tribe Dispholidini. [more]

Ditaxodon

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Ditypophis

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Dolichophis

Drepanoides

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Dromicodryas

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Dromicus

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Dryadophis

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Dryinoides

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Dryinus

Drymarchon

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Drymobius

Drymobius is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as neotropical racers. There are four species which are found predominantly in Mexico and Central America, but they range as far north as the United States in the southern tip of the state of Texas, and as far south as South America, in Brazil. [more]

Drymoluber

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Dryocalamus

Dryocalamus is a genus of snakes. [more]

Dryophiops

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Dryophis

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Duberria

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Dyspholidus

Echinanthera

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Eirenis

Eirenis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Elachistodon

Indian Egg-eating Snake (Elachistodon westermanni) is a rare of egg-eating snake found in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. Also called the Westermann's snake, reflecting its scientific name. The snake belongs to the monotypic genus Elachistodon. Recent discoveries of the species from Maharashtra and Gujarat suggests that the species may be more widespread. [more]

Elaphae

[more]

Elaphe

Elaphe is a of non-venomous colubrid snakes found in Asia, Europe, North and Central America. All are powerful constrictors and help control rodent populations. Ten species are currently recognized within North and Central America. [more]

Elaphis

Elapoidis

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Elapomorphus

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Emmochliophis

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Enhydris

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Enuliophis

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Enulius

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Eridiphas

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Erythrolamprus

Erythrolamprus is a genus of snakes known as coral snake mimics. Six species are currently recognized. [more]

Erytrolamprus

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Eteirodipsas

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Etheridgeum

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Euprepiophis

Eurostus

Exallodontophis

[more]

Farancia

Farancia is a of colubrid snakes. It consists of two species, one commonly referred to as the rainbow snake and the other commonly referred to as mud snake. They are native to the eastern half of the United States. [more]

Ficimia

Ficimia is a of colubrid snakes commonly known as hooknose snakes. There are 7 species within the genus, which are native primarily to Mexico, but they also range into the United States in the southern tip of Texas, and as far south as Guatemala, Belize and Honduras. [more]

Fimbrios

[more]

Fordonia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Geagras

[more]

Geophis

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Glaphyrophis

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Gomesophis

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Gongylosoma

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Gonionotophis

Gonionotophis is a of colubrid snakes also known as the African Ground Snakes. There are 3 commonly accepted species in the genus: [more]

Gonionotus

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Goniontophis

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Gonyophis

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Gonyosoma

Gonyosoma is a genus of snakes. [more]

Graya

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Grayia

A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Gyalopion

Gyalopion is a of small non-venomous colubrid snakes which are commonly referred to as hooknose snakes that are native to the southwest United States and Mexico. [more]

Haplocercus

[more]

Hapsidophrys

[more]

Helicops

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Helophis

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Hemerophis

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Hemirhagerrhis

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Hemorrhois

Hemorrhois is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Henicognathus

Herpetodryas

[more]

Heterdon

[more]

Heterodon

Heterodon is a of harmless colubrids found in North America. They are stout with upturned snouts and are perhaps best known for their characteristic threat displays. Three species are currently recognized. [more]

Heteroliodon

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Hierophis

Hierophis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Himantodes

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Hologerrhum

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Homalocranion

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Homalocranium

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Homolopsis

Hormonotus

Hormonotus is a of colubrid snakes. There is only one commonly accepted species in the genus: Uganda House Snake (Hormonotus modestus) [more]

Hydrablabes

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Hydraethiops

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Hydrodynastes

Hydrodynastes is a small genus of snake in the subfamily Xenodontinae. [more]

Hydromorphus

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Hydrops

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Hypsiglena

Hypsiglena is a of small, rear-fanged, colubrid snakes commonly referred to as night snakes. The genus consists of two distinct species, many subspecies may be considered synonymous depending on the source. [more]

Hypsirhynchus

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Ialtris

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Idiophis

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Iguanognathus

The Spatula-toothed Snake (Iguanognathus werneri) is a species of in the Colubridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Iguanognathus. It is endemic to Indonesia. [more]

Imantodes

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Ithycyphus

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Lampropeltis

Kingsnakes are a type of snake that are members of the Lampropeltis genus, which also includes the milk snake. [more]

Lamprophis

Lamprophis is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as African house snakes. They are small, non-venomous snakes, usually brown in color but display a range of variation from red, orange, green to black. They also exhibit a wide variety of pattern variation even within single species, they may be spotted, striped, or solid colored. House snakes are sexually dimorphic, the females grow significantly larger, to approximately 120 cm, some specimens have been recorded over 150cm, the males which only grow to approximately 75 cm.
Several color variants of L.capensis are known in captivity including T+ & T-Albino, Annerythristic, Hypo, Ilumo (Green) & Piebald.
Albino variants of L. aurora have been found.
An albino L. fuliginosus has been found in Tanzania & is now owned by Donald Schultz of www.mfezi.com
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Langaha

[more]

Leimadophis

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Leioheterodon

Leioheterodon is a of harmless colubrids found only on the island of Madagascar. Three species are currently recognized. [more]

Leptodeira

Leptodeira is a of colubrid snakes commonly referred to as cat-eyed snakes. The genus consists of 9 species that are native to primarily Mexico and Central America, but range as far north as the United States into the southern tip of the state of Texas, and as far south as South America, to Argentina. [more]

Leptodira

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Leptodrymus

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Leptophidium

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Leptophis

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Lepturophis

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Limnophis

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Liochlorophis

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Lioheterodon

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Lioheterophis

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Liopeltis

Liopeltis is a genus of snakes. [more]

Liophidium

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Liophis

Liophis is a genus of New World snakes. They have a wide range of nondescript and local names, among these "water snakes", "mapepires", "corals" or "racers". [more]

Liopholidophis

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Lycodon

Lycodon is a genus of snakes. [more]

Lycodonomorphus

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Lycodryas

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Lycognathophis

The Seychelles Wolf Snake (Lycognathophis seychellensis) is a species of snake in the Colubridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Lycognathophis. It is endemic to Seychelles. [more]

Lycophidion

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Lycophidium

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Lystrophis

Lystrophis is the of tri-colored South American hognose snakes. They highly resembal Milk Snakes or coral snakes. [more]

Lytorhynchus

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Macrocalamus

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Macrophis

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Macrophistodon

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Macrophiston

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Macropisthodon

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Macroprotodon

Macroprotodon is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Maculophis

Madagascarophis

Madgascarophis is a of small, mildly venomous colubrid snakes native to the island of Madagascar. They are commonly referred to as Malagasy Cat-eyed Snakes. There are four species in the genus. [more]

Malpolon

[more]

Manolepis

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Masticophis

Masticophis is a of colubrid snakes that are commonly referred to as whip snakes or coachwhips. They are characterized by having a long, thin body and aren't dangerous. [more]

Mastigodryas

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Mastycodryas

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Mehelya

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Meizodon

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Micropisthodon

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Mimophis

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Miocoluber

Mionatrix

Montaspis

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Myersophis

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Natriciteres

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Natrix

Natrix is a genus of snakes. There are between 65 and 80 species in the genus. They are collectively called grass snakes and water snakes, but some snake species known as "grass snakes" and "water snakes" are not of genus Natrix. [more]

Nebraskophis

Neonatrix

Neospades

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Nerodia

Nerodia is a of non-venomous colubrid snakes commonly referred to as water snakes. [more]

Neseutegaeus

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Ninia

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Nothopsis

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Oligodon

Oligodon, common name kukri snake, is a of snakes native to East and South Asia. Oligodons are egglayers and are usually under 90 centimeters (35 inches) in length; different species display widely variable patterns and colorations. They subsist mostly by scavenging the eggs of birds and reptiles. Besides eggs, species of this genus also feeds on lizards, frogs and small rodents. Oligodon is a rearfanged snake species. They have a set of fangs placed in the back of their mouth as well as a functional venomgland. They are not dangerous to humans though. Oligodons are mostly nocturnal, and live on the floors of mature forests. [more]

Omoadiphas

[more]

Opheodrys

Opheodrys is a of small colubrid snakes commonly referred to as green snakes. The genus consists of two distinct species with five recognized subspecies. [more]

Ophibolus

Opisthotropis

Opisthotropis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Opisthropis

[more]

Opistophthalmus

Opistophthalmus is a of scorpions known commonly as burrowing scorpions, tri-colored scorpions or hissing scorpions. They are found predominantly in southern Africa. They are known for making deep and elaborate burrows. [more]

Oreocalamus

[more]

Oreocryptophis

Orthriophis

Oxybelis

Oxybelis is a of colubrid snakes known commonly as Vine Snakes. They are found from the southewestern United States, through Central America, to the northern countries of South America. Though similar in appearance to the Asian species of vine snake of the genus Ahaetulla, they are not related, and is an example of convergent evolution. [more]

Oxyorhos

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Oxyrhabdium

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Oxyrhopus

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Oxyrrhopus

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Pachyophis

Palaeonatrix

Paleoheterodon

Pantherophis

Paracoluber

Parahelicops

[more]

Paraoxybelis

Pararhabdophis

[more]

Pararhadinaea

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Pareas

Pareas is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Phalotris

[more]

Philodryas

Philodryas is a genus of New World snakes, usually named green snakes. Although colubrid snakes are usually harmless to humans, Philodryas are opisthoglyphous snakes and can give a venomous bite. [more]

Philothamnus

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Phimophis

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Phyllorhynchus

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Phylodryas

Pituophis

Pituophis is a of non-venomous colubrid snakes commonly referred to as gopher snakes, pine snakes, and bull snakes. Species within the genus are found throughout the United States and Mexico. [more]

Pityophis

Plagiopholis

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Platyceps

The Red Whip Snake (Platyceps collaris) is a species of in the Colubridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Platyceps. It is found in Bulgaria, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian Territory, Occupied, Syria, and Turkey. Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, rocky areas, arable land, pastureland, plantations , and rural gardens. [more]

Pliocercus

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Poecilopholis

Poecilopholis is a genus created for the venomous snake species, P. cameronensis, found in Africa. No subspecies are currently recognized. [more]

Prosymna

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Psammodynastes

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Psammophis

Psammophis is a genus of snakes. [more]

Psammophylax

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Pseudablabes

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Pseudaspis

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Pseudelaphe

Pseudoboa

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Pseudoboodon

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Pseudocemophora

Pseudocyclophis

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Pseudoeryx

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Pseudoficimia

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Pseudoleptodeira

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Pseudorabdion

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Pseudotomodon

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Pseudoxenodon

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Pseudoxyrhopus

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Pseustes

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Psomophis

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Ptyas

Ptyas is a genus of snakes. This genus is one of those colubrids colloquially called "rat snakes". [more]

Ptychophis

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Pytas

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Pythonodipsas

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Rabdion

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Rabdosoma

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Rachidelus

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Regida

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Regina

Regina is the and Italian word meaning "queen". It is also the Late Latin feminine name with the same meaning. Regina may also refer to the following: [more]

Rhabdophis

Rhabdophis is a of snakes, generally called Keelback snakes, found primarily in southeast Asia. [more]

Rhabdops

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Rhabdotophis

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Rhadinaea

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Rhadinea

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Rhadinophanes

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Rhadinophis

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Rhageris

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Rhamnophis

Rhamnophis is a of arboreal colubrid snakes commonly known as Dagger-tooth Tree Snakes or Large-eyed Tree Snakes found in equatorial sub-Saharan Africa. The status of this genus has long been subject to debate, and has been treated as a synonym of Thrasops by some authors. Both genera belong to the tribe Dispholidini, and are closely related to the genera Dispholidus, Thelotornis, and Xyelodontophis. [more]

Rhamphiophis

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Rhamphococcyx

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Rhinaspis

Vipera is a of venomous vipers. It has a very wide range, being found from North Africa to just within the Arctic Circle and from Great Britain to Pacific Asia. The name is possibly derived from the Latin words vivus and pario, meaning "alive" and "bear" or "bring forth"; likely a reference to the fact that most vipers bear live young. Currently, 23 species are recognized. [more]

Rhinechis

Vipera is a of venomous vipers. It has a very wide range, being found from North Africa to just within the Arctic Circle and from Great Britain to Pacific Asia. The name is possibly derived from the Latin words vivus and pario, meaning "alive" and "bear" or "bring forth"; likely a reference to the fact that most vipers bear live young. Currently, 23 species are recognized. [more]

Rhinobothryum

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Rhinocheilus

The Long-nosed Snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) is a of non-venomous colubrid snake. It is the only species in the genus Rhinocheilus, but has four recognized subspecies, though more modern research has cast some doubt on that classification.[citation needed] Its name commemorates John Le Conte (1818-1891). [more]

Rhinostoma

Rhynchocalamus

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Rhynchophis

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Salvadora

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Saphenophis

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Scaphiodontophis

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Scaphiophis

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Scolecophis

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Scytale

Seminatrix

Seminatrix is a of colubrid snakes. There is a single species in the genus, the Swamp Snake (Seminatrix pygaea) with three subspecies: [more]

Senticolis

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Sibon

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Sibynomorphus

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Sibynophis

Sibynophis is a genus of snakes also called Many-toothed snakes. [more]

Simonoides

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Simophis

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Simotes

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Sinonatrix

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Siphlophis

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Sonora

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Sonorarctia

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Sordellina

Sordellina is a of the Colubridae family of snakes. It has one species, Sordellina punctata. [more]

Spalerophis

Spalerosophis

Spalerosophis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Spilotes

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Stegonothus

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Stegonotus

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Stenophis

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Stenophylla

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Stenorhabdium

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Stenorrhina

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Stilosoma

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Stoliczkaia

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Storeria

Storeria is a of colubrid snakes. The genus consists of four species, three of which are known as brown snakes, and the other is known as the redbelly snake. They are found primarily in the United States and Mexico but range as far north as southern Canada, and as far south as Central America. [more]

Symphimus

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Sympholis

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Synophis

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Tachymenis

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Taeniophallus

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Tantalophis

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Tantilla

Tantilla is a large of harmless colubrid snakes which includes 64 species commonly known as centipede snakes, blackhead snakes, and flathead snakes. [more]

Tantillita

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Taphrometopon

Tarbophis

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Telescopus

Telescopus, the Old World catsnakes, is a genus of 11–12 species of back-fanged in the Colubrid family, found from the Balkans and Pakistan through to southern and western Africa, plus two sp. north Eurasia. They are nocturnal hunting snakes with a distinct head and large eyes. The species are mostly drab spotted snakes, but include the spectacular Tiger Snake, T. semiannulatus, which is orange in color with black saddles along its back. [more]

Tetralepis

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Texasophis

Thamnodynastes

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Thamnophis

A garter snake is any of North American snake within the genus Thamnophis. Because of the similarity in the sound of the words, combined with where people often see them, they are sometimes called garden snakes, gardner snakes or gardener snakes, or even garder snakes or guarder snakes. They are harmless to humans. Garter snakes are common across North America, from Canada to Central America, and they are the single most widely distributed genus of reptile in North America. In fact, the common garter snake, T. sirtalis, is the only species of snake to be found in Alaska, and is one of the northernmost species of snake in the world, possibly second only to the Crossed Viper, Vipera berus. The genus is so far ranging due to its unparticular diet and adaptability to different biomes and landforms, from marshes to hillsides to drainage ditches and even vacant lots, in both dry and wet regions, with varying proximity to water and rivers. However, in the western part of North America, these snakes are more water loving than in the eastern portion. Northern populations hibernate in larger groups than southern ones. Despite the decline in their population from collection as pets (especially in the more northerly regions in which large groups are collected at hibernation), pollution of aquatic areas, and introduction of bullfrogs and bass as predators, this is still a very commonly found snake. The San Francisco garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia, however, is an endangered subspecies and has been on the endangered list since 1967 and has a red and orange colored pattern on its back. Predation by crayfish has also been responsible for the decline of the narrow head garter snake, T. rufipunctatus. [more]

Thelotornis

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Thermophis

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Thrasops

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Toluca

Toluca, formally: Toluca de Lerdo is the capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located 63 kilometers (39 mi) west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 45 minutes by car to the western edge of the Distrito Federal. According to the 2005 census, the city of Toluca has a population of 467,713, with 747,512 as the total municipal population. The city is the eighth largest in Mexico in population. The municipality of Toluca, along with twelve other municipalities make up the metropolitan population of 1,610,786 as of 2005, making it the fifth most populous metropolitan area in Mexico and the largest entirely within the State of México. [more]

Tomodon

Tomodon is a genus of snakes. Two species are currently recognized. [more]

Trachischium

Trachischium is a of colubrid snakes commonly known as Worm-eating Snakes. There are five species in the genus that are found through montane regions of the countries of Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and China. [more]

Tretanorhinus

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Trimerorhinus

Trimetopon

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Trimorphodon

Trimorphodon is a of mildly venomous, rear-fanged, colubrid snakes. They are commonly known as lyre snakes, named after the distinctive V shaped pattern on their head that is said to resemble the shape of a lyre. In Mexico, they are commonly called "víbora de uña," or "nail viper." The word Trimorphodon is a combination of three Greek words, 'tri' - three, 'morph' - shape, and 'odon' - teeth, which refers to the three distinct kinds of teeth that lyre snakes have: recurved anterior teeth; shorter middle teeth, and large grooved fangs at the rear of the jaw. There are two distinct species in the genus Trimorphodon, with seven subspecies. [more]

Tropidoclonion

Tropidoclonion is a of small colubrid snakes known as lined snakes. There is a single species Tropidoclonion lineatum in the genus, with four subspecies. [more]

Tropidoclonium

Tropidodipsas

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Tropidodryas

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Tropidonophis

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Tropidonotus

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Tropidopipsas

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Umbrivaga

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Uromacer

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Uromacerina

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Uroteca

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Urotheca

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Virginia

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Waglerophis

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Xenelaphis

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Xenochrophis

Xenochrophis is a of colubrid snakes found in Asia. They are commonly referred to as Painted Keelbacks. [more]

Xenochropis

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Xenodermus

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Xenodon

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Xenopholis

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Xenoxybelis

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Xyelodontophis

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Xylophis

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Zamenis

Zamenis is a genus of in the Colubridae family. It contains the following species: [more]

Zamensis

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Zaocys

Zaocys is a genus of snakes of the family . [more]

At least 12 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Zaocys.

More info about the Genus Zaocys may be found here.

Footnotes

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  1. Painter, Charles W., Chuck L. Hayes, and James N. Stuart "Recovery and Conservation of the Gray-Banded Kingsnake. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish. May 1, 2002.

Sources

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Last Revised: September 23, 2009
2009/09/23 00:12:04