Overview
Clupeiformes is the order of ray-finned fish that includes the herring family, Clupeidae, and the anchovy family, Engraulidae. The group includes many of the most important food fish.
Clupeiformes are , which means that the gas bladder has a pneumatic duct connecting it to the gut. They typically lack a lateral line, but still have the eyes, fins and scales that are common to the fish family, although not all fish have these attributes. They are generally silvery fish with streamlined, spindle-shaped, bodies, and they are often schooling. Most species eat plankton, which they filter from the water with their gill rakers.1]
Families
The order includes about 300 species in six families:[2]
Order Clupeiformes
- Family Denticipitidae (denticl e herring)
- Family Engraulidae (anchovies)
- Family Pristigasteridae
- Family Chirocentridae (wolf herrings)
- Family Clupeidae (herrings, sardines, shads, and menhadens)
- Family Sundasalangidae (Sundaland noodlefishes)
Timeline of genera
Families
The order includes about 300 species in six families:[2]
Order Clupeiformes
- Family Denticipitidae (denticle herring)
- Family Engraulidae (anchovies)
- Family Pristigasteridae
- Family Chirocentridae (wolf herrings)
- Family Clupeidae (herrings, sardines, shads, and menhadens)
- Family Sundasalangidae (Sundaland noodlefishes)
Timeli ne of genera
References
- ^ Nelson, Gareth (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 91?95. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). "Clupeiformes" in FishBase. June 2011 version.
- Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: p.560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
Taxonomy
The Order Clupeiformes is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Suborder (2): Clupeoidei · Denticipitoidei
- Family (7): Chirocentridae · Clupeidae · Denticipitidae · Engraulidae · Engraulididae · Pristigasteridae · Sundasalangidae
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1,577 species and subspecies in the Order Clupeiformes.
Families
Chirocentridae
The wolf herrings are a family (Chirocentridae) of two marine species of ray-finned fish related to the herrings. [more]
Clupeidae
Clupeidae is the family of the herrings, shads, sardines, hilsa and menhadens. It includes many of the most important food fishes in the world. [more]
Denticipitidae
The denticle herring (Denticeps clupeoides) is a small (15 cm) species of ray-finned fish found only in the rivers of Benin, Nigeria and Cameroon, related to the herrings, but notable for its large anal fin and its array of denticle like scales under the head giving it almost a furry appearance. It is the sole living member of the family Denticipitidae. [more]
Engraulidae
Anchovies are a family (Engraulidae) of small, common salt-water forage fish. There are 144 species in 17 genera, found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Anchovies are usually classified as an oily fish. [more]
Engraulididae
Pristigasteridae
Pristigasteridae is a family of fish related to the herrings, and including the genera Ilisha and Pellona. The taxonomic classification of this family is in doubt. One common name for the taxon is longfin herring. [more]
Sundasalangidae
Sundasalanx, the Sundaland noodlefishes, is the only genus in the family Sundasalangidae which belongs to the same order as the herrings and their relatives. This family of extremely small fishes is restricted to freshwater environments of Southeast Asia with Indonesia being home to the majority of species. There are currently seven recognized species in this genus. [more]
More info about the Family Sundasalangidae may be found here.
References
- ^ Nelson, Gareth (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 91?95. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). "Clupeiformes" in FishBase. June 2011 version.
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Wednesday, April 25, 2012.
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