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Clupeidae

(Family)

Overview

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Clupeidae is the family of the herrings, shads, sardines, hilsa and menhadens. It includes many of the most important food fishes in the world.

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Clupeids are mostly marine forage fish, although a few species are found in freshwater. No species has scales on the head, and some are entirely scaleless. The lateral line is short or absent, and the teeth are unusually small where they are present at all. Clupeids typically feeds on plankton, and range from 2 centimetres (0.79 in) to 75 centimetres (30 in) in length.[1]

Clupeids spawn huge numbers of eggs (up to 200,000 in some species) near the surface of the water. After hatching, the larvae live among the plankton until they develop a swim bladder and transform into adults. The adults typically live in large shoals.[2]

Commercial species

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Important commercial species include:

Genera

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See also

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List of fish families

awn huge numbers of eggs (up to 200,000 in some species) near the surface of the water. After hatching, the larvae live among the plankton until they develop a swim bladder and transform into adults. The adults typically live in large shoals.[2]

Commercial species

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Important commercial species include:

Genera

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See also

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List of fish families

References

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  1. ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2008). "Clupeidae" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
  2. ^ Nelson, Gareth (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 91?92. ISBN 0-12-547665-5. 

Taxonomy

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The Family Clupeidae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Alausa

Alawusa is a locality in Ikeja local government of Lagos State, Nigeria. It is the seat of the d offices of the Governor and Deputy-Governor of Lagos State. Alawusa also has a vibrant and growing Central Business District with several multinational business concerns like Cadbury Nigeria Plc and many others having their offices located in the area. It also has many low density residential estates like the Cornerstone Estate; MKO Abiola Gardens located within it. [more]

Alosa

The shads or river herrings comprise the genus Alosa, fish related to herring in the family Clupeidae. They are distinct from others in that family by having a deeper body and spawning in rivers. Several species can be found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Alosa can also be found throughout the Caspian Sea. Many are found in freshwater during spawning and some are only found in landlocked freshwater. [more]

Amblygaster

Amblygaster is a small genus of sardinellas in the herring family Clupeidae. It currently contains three species. [more]

Anodontosoma

[more]

Anodontostoma

Anodontostoma is a small genus of gizzard shads found in the Indo-Pacific region. It currently contains three described species. [more]

Brevoortia

Menhaden [more]

Caspialosa

The shads or river herrings comprise the genus Alosa, fish related to herring in the family Clupeidae. They are distinct from others in that family by having a deeper body and spawning in rivers. Several species can be found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Alosa can also be found throughout the Caspian Sea. Many are found in freshwater during spawning and some are only found in landlocked freshwater. [more]

Chirocentrodon

[more]

Chirocentron

[more]

Clupanodon

[more]

Clupea

[more]

Clupeichthys

[more]

Clupeoides

The toothed river herring (Clupeoides papuensis) is a species of in the Clupeidae family. It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. [more]

Clupeonella

Clupeonella is a genus of in the Clupeidae family. [more]

Congothrissa

[more]

Corica

A Genus in the Kingdom unknown!.[1] [more]

Dayella

[more]

Dorosoma

Dorosoma is a genus of gizzard shads, fish of the herring family Clupeidae. The five species are native to the New World, and are known from both freshwater and the waters of estuaries and bays. [more]

Dussumeria

[more]

Dussumiera

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[2] [more]

Dussumieria

[more]

Ehirava

[more]

Ellimma

[more]

Escualosa

[more]

Ethmalosa

[more]

Ethmidium

Menhaden [more]

Etrumeus

[more]

Gasteroclupea

Gilchristella

[more]

Gonialosa

[more]

Gudusia

[more]

Harengula

[more]

Herklotsichthys

[more]

Hilsa

Hilsa (Bengali: Ilish Oriya: ????? Ilishii Sindhi: ??? ??? Pallu Machhi Telugu: ???? Pulasa or Polasa), is a popular fish to eat among the people of the Indian sub-continent. A tropical fish, it is the most popular fish with Bengalis and Oriyas, the national fish of Bangladesh and extremely popular in parts of India such as West Bengal, Orissa, Tripura and Assam. Hilsa also can be found in India's Assamese-, Bengali-, Oriya- and Telugu-speaking regions and in Pakistan's Sindh province. In Gujarat it is known as either Modenn or Palva. The fish is full of tiny bones which require trained eating/hands to handle. [more]

Hyperlophus

Hyperlophus is a genus of fish. [more]

Ilisha

[more]

Jenkinsia

Jenkinsia is a genus of in the Clupeidae family. [more]

Knightia

Knightia is an genus of fish well-known from abundant fossils found in the Green River Formation of Wyoming, United States. They rarely exceeded 25 cm in length and are found throughout the formation. [more]

Konosirus

[more]

Kowala

[more]

Lile

[more]

Macrura

Meletta

[more]

Microthrissa

[more]

Minyclupeoides

Nematalosa

[more]

Nematolosa

[more]

Odaxothrissa

[more]

Odontognathus

[more]

Opisthonema

[more]

Opisthopterus

[more]

Ostariostoma

Pellona

[more]

Pellonula

[more]

Poecilothrissa

[more]

Pomolobus

The shads or river herrings comprise the genus Alosa, fish related to herring in the family Clupeidae. They are distinct from others in that family by having a deeper body and spawning in rivers. Several species can be found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Alosa can also be found throughout the Caspian Sea. Many are found in freshwater during spawning and some are only found in landlocked freshwater. [more]

Potamalosa

[more]

Pristigaster

[more]

Rhinosardinia

[more]

Sardina

[more]

Sardinella

Sardinella is a genus of fishes in the family Clupeidae. This genus currently contains 21 recognized species. These fish are generally coastal, schooling fish, and abundant in warmer waters. They can be found nearly anywhere in the tropic and sub-tropic oceans of the world. Many species are distinguished by their locations around the globe but may also be distinguished according to very specific body features. It is common for species within this genus to be mistaken for one another. Some of the common traits of Sardinella include that they are marine pelagic and form into large schools. Young Sardinella are often found in lagoons and estuaries, while it is more common to find adult Sardinella in deeper waters somewhat further off the coast. Sardinella can be distinguished by their 7-14 striped markings along the scales of the top of the head. They also have a distinctly paddle shaped supra maxilla, this feature is a common identifier of Sardinella versus other genera and specific shapes of this feature may also distinguish between Sardinella species. Sardinella have paired predorsal scales and also have enlarged fin rays which help distinguish them from close relatives. [more]

Sardinia

Sardinia (, Italian: Sardegna [sar'de??a], Sardinian: Sardigna [sar'dinja]) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus). It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are (clockwise from north) the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands. [more]

Sardinops

The South American pilchard, Sardinops sagax, is a sardine of the Family Clupeidae, the only member of the genus Sardinops, found in the indo-Pacific oceans. Their length is up to 40 cm. It has a number of other common names, some of which are for subspecies: blue pilchard, Australian pilchard, blue-bait, Californian pilchard, Chilean sardine, Japanese pilchard, Pacific sardine, and Southern African pilchard. [more]

Sauvagella

Sauvagella is a genus of in the Clupeidae family. [more]

Sierrathrissa

[more]

Signalosa

[more]

Spratelloides

[more]

Sprattus

Sprattus is a genus of small oily fish of the family Clupeidae. They are more usually known by their common name, sprats. There are five species in the genus. [more]

Stolothrissa

The Lake Tanganyika sprat (Stolothrissa tanganicae) is a species of fish in the Clupeidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Stolothrissa. It is found in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. It and the Lake Tanganyika sardine are known collectively at kapenta. [more]

Tenualosa

Tenualosa is a genus of in the Clupeidae family. [more]

Xyne

More info about the Genus Xyne may be found here.

References

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  1. ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2008). "Clupeidae" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
  2. ^ Nelson, Gareth (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 91?92. ISBN 0-12-547665-5. 

Footnotes

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  1. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=115438
  2. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=176773

Sources

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Last Revised: August 24, 2012
2012/08/24 13:28:38