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Buccinidae

(Family)

Overview

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Buccinidae is a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.2]

True whelks are mostly marine (with some genera freshwater) gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda. The family includes more than 1500 species.

Habitat

The true whelks occur worldwide in all seas from tropical oceans to the cold seas of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean. They are found from the intertidal to the bathypelagic zone. Most prefer a solid bottom, but some inhabit sandy substrates.

Some genera from Buccinidae are freshwater, for example genus Clea.

Description

The shells of species in this family are moderate to large in size, conical to fusiform in shape. The shell often has deep sutures. The shell surface is generally smooth, sometimes with a spiral and/ or axial sculpture. The thickness of the shell is more pronounced in tropical shallow-water species, while the shell of species living in moderate and colder waters is generally thin or moderately thin. The top of the whorls are more or less shouldered. The radial ribs of the shell sometimes show shoulder knobs. The aperture is large with a well-defined siphonal canal. The rim of the aperture is sometimes used to pry open the shell of bivalves. The aperture is closed by a horny operculum.

The soft body is elongated and spiral. The head has two conical, depressed tentacles which bear the eyes on a lobe or prominence at their base. The mouth contains a long, cylindrical,, annulated proboscis and a small tongue. The mantle forms a thin-edged flap over the branchial cavity. On the left side it has an elongated, open canal, that emerges by a notch or groove in the shell. The two gills are elongated, unequal and pectinate (i.e. in a comb-like arrangement). The large foot is generally broad.[3]

True whelks are carnivores and scavengers. They feed on clams, carrion and sometimes even on detritus. Their sense of smell is very well-developed; they can sense chemical signals from their prey from a considerable distance with their osphradium. Many whelks are capable of boring through the shell of bivalves, and because of this some species cause much harm in oyster farms. True whelks can even attack fish caught in a net extending their proboscis to twice the length of their own bodies.

The female whelk lays spongy egg capsules with hundreds of eggs. These form round clusters or a tower-shaped masses. Only about 10% of these eggs hatch. The larvae then feed on the rest of the eggs that haven't yet hatched.

The flesh of the common northern whelk, Buccinum undatum, is much appreciated by connoisseurs as a food item, but its consumption is currently somewhat in decline.

The empty shell of a whelk is often used by the hermit crab to make its home.

Egg cases of the common whelk (Buccinum undatum)

Taxonomy

According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Buccinidae consists of six subfamilies:

Subfamily Buccininae Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily Beringiinae Golikov & Starob ogatov, 1975

Subfamily Busyconinae Wade, 1917 (1867)

Subfamily Donovaniinae Casey, 1904 - synonym: Lachesinae L. Bellardi, 1877 (inv.)

Subfamily Pisaniinae Gray, 1857 - synonyms: Photinae Gray, 1857; Pusiostomatidae Iredale, 1940

Subfamily Siphonaliinae Finlay, 1928 - synonym: Austrosiphonidae Cotton & Godfrey, 1938

Genera

Buccinum undatum on a stamp from the Faroe Islands

Genera within the family Buccinidae include:

subfamily Buccininae

tribe Ancistrolepidini

tribe Buccinini

tribe Buccinulini

tribe Colini

tribe Cominellini

tribe Liomesini

tribe Parancistrolepidini

tribe Prosiphonini

tribe Volutopsiini

Subfamily Beringiinae

subfamily Busyconinae

tribe Busyconini

tribe Busycotypini

subfamily Donovaniinae

subfamily Pisaniinae

subfamily Siphonaliinae

subfamily ?

  • Aeneator Finlay, 1927
  • Afer Conrad, 1858
  • Afrocominella Iredale, 1918
  • Americominella Klappenbach & Ureta, 1972 - synonym: Echinosipho Kaiser 1977
  • Anna Risso, 1826
  • Anomacme Strebel, 1905
  • Anomalosipho Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1912
  • Antarctodomus A. Adams, 1863
  • Antarctoneptunea Dell, 1972
  • Antillophos Woodring, 1928
  • Antistreptus Dall, 1902
  • Atractodon Charlesworth, 1837
  • Aulacofusus Dall, 1918
  • Austrofusus Kobelt, 1879
  • Bailya M. Smith, 1944
  • Barbitonia Dall, 1916
  • Bartschia Rehder, 1943
  • Bathyancistrolepis Habe & Ito, 1968
  • Bathybuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1989
  • Bathydomus Thiele, 1912
  • Bayerius Olsson, 1971
  • Belomitra P.Fischer, 1882
  • Beringion Habe & Ito, 1965
  • ? Boreokelletia Anderson, 1964
  • Buccipagoda Ponder, 2010 - synonym: Kapala Ponder, 1982
  • Burnupena Iredale, 1918
  • Caducifer Dall, 1904
  • Calliloncha Lus, 1978
  • Cancellopollia Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998
  • Cantharus R?ding, 1798
  • Cavineptunea Powell, 1951
  • Chauvetia Monterosato, 1884
  • Chickcharnea Petuch, 2002 - with the only species Chickcharnea fragilis Petuch, 2002[4]
  • Chlanidota Martens, 1878
  • Chlanidotella Thiele 1929
  • Chlanificula Powell, 1958
  • Clea A. Adams, 1855
  • Clinopegma Grant & Gale, 1931
  • Clivipollia Iredale, 1929
  • Corneobuccinum Golikov & Gulbin, 1977
  • Costaria Golikov, 1977
  • Crassicantharus Ponder, 1972
  • Crenatosipho Linse, 2002
  • Drepanodontus Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Engina Gray, 1839
  • Enginella Monterosato, 1917
  • Engoniophos Woodring, 1928
  • Enigmatocolus Fraussen, 2008[5]
  • Eosipho Thiele, 1929
  • Euthrenopsis Powell, 1929
  • Euthria M. E Gray, 1850
  • Euthriostoma Marche-Marchard & Brebion, 1977
  • Falsilatirus Emerson & Moffitt, 1988
  • Falsimohnia Powell, 1951
  • Falsitromina Dell, 1990
  • Fascinus Hedley, 1903
  • Fax Iredale, 1925
  • Fusinella Thiele, 1917
  • Fusipagoda Habe & Ito, 1965
  • Gemophos Olsson & Harbison 1953
  • Germonea Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Glaphyrina Finlay, 1927
  • Glypteuthria Strebel, 1905
  • Godfreyena Iredale, 1934
  • ? Golikovia Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Habevolutopsius Kantor, 1983
  • Harpofusus Habe & Ito, 1965[citation needed]
  • Helicofusus Dall, 1916
  • Hesperisternia Gardner, 1944
  • Hindsia A. Adams, 1855
  • Japelion Dall, 1916
  • Japeuthria Iredale, 1918
  • Jerrybuccinum Kantor & Pastorino, 2009
  • Kanamarua Kuroda, 1951
  • Kelletia Fischer, 1884
  • Kryptos Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896
  • Latisipho Dall, 1916
  • Limatofusus Vaught, 1989
  • Lirabuccinum Vermeij, 1991
  • Lusitromina Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Lussivolutopsius Kantor, 1983
  • Manaria E. A. Smith, 1906
  • Metaphos Olsson, 1964
  • Meteuthria Thiele, 1912
  • Metula H. & A. Adams, 1853
  • Mohnia Friele in Kobelt, 1879
  • Monostiolum Dall, 1904
  • Muffinbuccinum Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Nassaria Dall, 1916
  • Neancistrolepis Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Neoberingius Habe & Ito, 1965
  • Neobuccinum Smith, 1877
  • Neoteron Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
  • Northia Gray, 1847
  • Ornatoconcha Lus, 1987
  • Ovulatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1989
  • Parabuccinum Harasewych, Kantor & Linse, 2000
  • Paracalliloncha Lus, 1987
  • Paranotoficula Kantor & Harasewych, 2008
  • Pararetifusus Kosuge, 1967
  • Pareuthria Strebel, 1905
  • Parficulina Powell, 1958
  • Parviphos Sarasua, 1984
  • Penion Fischer, 1884
  • Phaenomenella Fraussen, 2006
  • Phos Montfort, 1810
  • Plicibuccinum Golikov & Gulbin, 1977
  • Plicifusus Dall, 1902
  • Pollia Gray, 1834
  • Preangeria K. Martin, 1921
  • Probuccinum Thiele, 1912
  • Prodotia Dall, 1924
  • Proneptunea Thiele, 1912
  • Pseudoliomesus Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Pseudoneptunea Kobelt, 1882
  • Ptychosalpinx Gill, 1868
  • Pusio Gray, 1833
  • Pyrolofusus Friele, 1882
  • Reticubuccinum Ito & Habe, 1980
  • Retimohnia McLean, 1995
  • Savatieria Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885
  • Searlesia Harmer, 1914
  • Serratifusus Darragh, 1969
  • Siphonofusus Kuroda & Habe, 1952
  • Solenosteira Dall, 1890
  • Spikebuccinum Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Steye Faber, 2004
  • Tacita Lus, 1971
  • Tasmeuthria Iredale, 1925
  • Thalassoplanes Dall, 1908
  • Tomlinia Peile, 1937
  • Trajana Gardner, 1948
  • Troschelia M?rch, 1876
  • Turrisipho Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1912
  • Volutharpa Fischer, 1856
mical signals from their prey from a considerable distance with their osphradium. Many whelks are capable of boring through the shell of bivalves, and because of this some species cause much harm in oyster farms. True whelks can even attack fish caught in a net extending their proboscis to twice the length of their own bodies.

The female whelk lays spongy egg capsules with hundreds of eggs. These form round clusters or a tower-shaped masses. Only about 10% of these eggs hatch. The larvae then feed on the rest of the eggs that haven't yet hatched.

The flesh of the common northern whelk, Buccinum undatum, is much appreciated by connoisseurs as a food item, but its consumption is currently somewhat in decline.

The empty shell of a whelk is often used by the hermit crab to make its home.

Egg cases of the common whelk (Buccinum undatum)

Taxonomy

According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Buccinidae consists of six subfamilies:

Subfamily Buccininae Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily Beringiinae Golikov & Starobogatov, 1975

Subfamily Busyconinae Wade, 1917 (1867)

Subfamily Donovaniinae Casey, 1904 - synonym: Lachesinae L. Bellardi, 1877 (inv.)

Subfamily Pisaniinae Gray, 1857 - synonyms: Photinae Gray, 1857; Pusiostomatidae Iredale, 1940

Subfamily Siphonaliinae Finlay, 1928 - synonym: Austrosiphonidae Cotton & Godfrey, 1938

Genera

Buccinum undatum on a stamp from the Faroe Islands

Genera within the family Buccinidae include:

subfamily Buccininae

tribe Ancistrolepidini

tribe Buccinini

tribe Buccinulini

tribe Colini

tribe Comi nellini

tribe Liomesini

tribe Parancistrolepidini

tribe Prosiphonini

tribe Volutopsiini

Subfamily Beringiinae

subfamily Busyconinae

tribe Busyconini

tribe Busycotypini

subfamily Donovaniinae

subfamily Pisaniinae

subfamily Siphonaliinae

subfamily ?

  • Aeneator Finlay, 1927
  • Afer Conrad, 1858
  • Afrocominella Iredale, 1918
  • Americominella Klappenbach & Ureta, 1972 - synonym: Echinosipho Kaiser 1977
  • Anna Risso, 1826
  • Anomacme Strebel, 1905
  • Anomalosipho Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1912
  • Antarctodomus A. Adams, 1863
  • Antarctoneptunea Dell, 1972
  • Antillophos Woodring, 1928
  • Antistreptus Dall, 1902
  • Atractodon Charlesworth, 1837
  • Aulacofusus Dall, 1918
  • Austrofusus Kobelt, 1879
  • Bailya M. Smith, 1944
  • Barbitonia Dall, 1916
  • Bartschia Rehder, 1943
  • Bathyancistrolepis Habe & Ito, 1968
  • Bathybuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1989
  • Bathydomus Thiele, 1912
  • Bayerius Olsson, 1971
  • Belomitra P.Fischer, 1882
  • Beringion Habe & Ito, 1965
  • ? Boreokelletia Anderson, 1964
  • Buccipagoda Ponder, 2010 - synonym: Kapala Ponder, 1982
  • Burnupena Iredale, 1918
  • Caducifer Dall, 1904
  • Calliloncha Lus, 1978
  • Cancellopollia Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998
  • Cantharus R?ding, 1798
  • Cavineptunea Powell, 1951
  • Chauvetia Monterosato, 1884
  • Chickcharnea Petuch, 2002 - with the only species Chickcharnea fragilis Petuch, 2002[4]
  • Chlanidota Martens, 1878
  • Chlanidotella Thiele 1929
  • Chlanificula Powell, 1958
  • Clea A. Adams, 1855
  • Clinopegma Grant & Gale, 1931
  • Clivipollia Iredale, 1929
  • Corneobuccinum Golikov & Gulbin, 1977
  • Costaria Golikov, 1977
  • Crassicantharus Ponder, 1972
  • Crenatosipho Linse, 2002
  • Drepanodontus Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Engina Gray, 1839
  • Enginella Monterosato, 1917
  • Engoniophos Woodring, 1928
  • Enigmatocolus Fraussen, 2008[5]
  • Eosipho Thiele, 1929
  • Euthrenopsis Powell, 1929
  • Euthria M. E Gray, 1850
  • Euthriostoma Marche-Marchard & Brebion, 1977
  • Falsilatirus Emerson & Moffitt, 1988
  • Falsimohnia Powell, 1951
  • Falsitromina Dell, 1990
  • Fascinus Hedley, 1903
  • Fax Iredale, 1925
  • Fusinella Thiele, 1917
  • Fusipagoda Habe & Ito, 1965
  • Gemophos Olsson & Harbison 1953
  • Germonea Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Glaphyrina Finlay, 1927
  • Glypteuthria Strebel, 1905
  • Godfreyena Iredale, 1934
  • ? Golikovia Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Habevolutopsius Kantor, 1983
  • Harpofusus Habe & Ito, 1965[citation needed]
  • Helicofusus Dall, 1916
  • Hesperisternia Gardner, 1944
  • Hindsia A. Adams, 1855
  • Japelion Dall, 1916
  • Japeuthria Iredale, 1918
  • Jerrybuccinum Kantor & Pastorino, 2009
  • Kanamarua Kuroda, 1951
  • Kelletia Fischer, 1884
  • Kryptos Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896
  • Latisipho Dall, 1916
  • Limatofusus Vaught, 1989
  • Lirabuccinum Vermeij, 1991
  • Lusitromina Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Lussivolutopsius Kantor, 1983
  • Manaria E. A. Smith, 1906
  • Metaphos Olsson, 1964
  • Meteuthria Thiele, 1912
  • Metula H. & A. Adams, 1853
  • Mohnia Friele in Kobelt, 1879
  • Monostiolum Dall, 1904
  • Muffinbuccinum Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Nassaria Dall, 1916
  • Neancistrolepis Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Neoberingius Habe & Ito, 1965
  • Neobuccinum Smith, 1877
  • Neoteron Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
  • Northia Gray, 1847
  • Ornatoconcha Lus, 1987
  • Ovulatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1989
  • Parabuccinum Harasewych, Kantor & Linse, 2000
  • Paracalliloncha Lus, 1987
  • Paranotoficula Kantor & Harasewych, 2008
  • Pararetifusus Kosuge, 1967
  • Pareuthria Strebel, 1905
  • Parficulina Powell, 1958
  • Parviphos Sarasua, 1984
  • Penion Fischer, 1884
  • Phaenomenella Fraussen, 2006
  • Phos Montfort, 1810
  • Plicibuccinum Golikov & Gulbin, 1977
  • Plicifusus Dall, 1902
  • Pollia Gray, 1834
  • Preangeria K. Martin, 1921
  • Probuccinum Thiele, 1912
  • Prodotia Dall, 1924
  • Proneptunea Thiele, 1912
  • Pseudoliomesus Habe & Sato, 1972
  • Pseudoneptunea Kobelt, 1882
  • Ptychosalpinx Gill, 1868
  • Pusio Gray, 1833
  • Pyrolofusus Friele, 1882
  • Reticubuccinum Ito & Habe, 1980
  • Retimohnia McLean, 1995
  • Savatieria Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885
  • Searlesia Harmer, 1914
  • Serratifusus Darragh, 1969
  • Siphonofusus Kuroda & Habe, 1952
  • Solenosteira Dall, 1890
  • Spikebuccinum Harasewych & Kantor, 2004
  • Steye Faber, 2004
  • Tacita Lus, 1971
  • Tasmeuthria Iredale, 1925
  • Thalassoplanes Dall, 1908
  • Tomlinia Peile, 1937
  • Trajana Gardner, 1948
  • Troschelia M?rch, 1876
  • Turrisipho Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1912
  • Volutharpa Fischer, 1856

References

  1. ^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
  2. ^ a b Bouchet, P.; Go fas, S. (2010). Buccinidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=149 on 2010-12-30
  3. ^ Macgillivray, William , History of the molluscous animals of Scotland, London, 1844
  4. ^ Petuch E. J. (2002). "New deep water gastropods from the Bimini Shelf, Bimini Chain, Bahamas". Ruthenica 12(1): 59-72. abstract.
  5. ^ K. Fraussen (2008). "Enigmaticolus, a new genus of deep water buccinids (Gastropoda: Buccinidae), with description of a new species from Madagascar". Gloria Maris 46 (4?5): 74?82. http://www.ofseaandshore.com/newspecies/newspecies2.php[dead link]

Taxonomy

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The Family Buccinidae is a member of the Superfamily Buccinoidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Buccinidae:

The Family Buccinidae is further organized into finer groupings including:

Genera

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Aeneator

An aeneator (Latin: ) refers to a classical Roman professional performer of a horn who was attached to a Roman miltiary unit. The word comes from Latin aeneus or aheneus, "brazen", from aes, "copper alloy". [more]

Afer

[more]

Africominella

[more]

Afrocominella

Afrocominella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae. [more]

Americominella

Americominella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae. [more]

Ancistrolepis

Ancistrolepis is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Anentome

[more]

Anna

[more]

Antarctodomus

[more]

Antarctoneptunea

[more]

Antillophos

Antillophos is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Antistreptus

[more]

Atractodon

[more]

Aulacofusus

Aulacofusus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Austrofusus

Austrofusus is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or whelks, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Bailya

Bailya is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Barbitonia

[more]

Bathybuccinum

[more]

Bathydomus

[more]

Belomitra

[more]

Beringion

[more]

Beringius

[more]

Brachysphingus

[more]

Buccinopsis

[more]

Buccinulum

[more]

Buccinum

Buccinum is a genus of medium-sized sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. [more]

Burnupena

[more]

Caducifer

[more]

Calicantharus

[more]

Cancellopollia

[more]

Cantharus

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia.[1] [more]

Chauvetea

[more]

Chauvetia

[more]

Chlanidota

[more]

Chlanificula

[more]

Chrysodomus

[more]

Clea

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Clinopegma

[more]

Clivipollia

[more]

Coluzea

[more]

Cominella

[more]

Crassicantharus

Cumia

[more]

Cymatophos

Cyrtochetus

Eburna

[more]

Ecmanis

[more]

Engina

[more]

Enginella

[more]

Engoniophos

[more]

Enzinopsis

[more]

Eobuccinella

[more]

Eosipho

[more]

Epidromus

[more]

Eucominia

Eugina

[more]

Euthrenopsis

[more]

Euthria

[more]

Euthriostoma

[more]

Exilioidea

[more]

Falsitromina

Fax

Fustifusus

[more]

Glypteuthria

[more]

Golikovia

[more]

Habevolutopsius

[more]

Hanetia

Helicofusus

[more]

Hesperisternia

Japelion

[more]

Japeuthria

[more]

Kelletia

[more]

Kryptos

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Lacinia

Levifusus

Liomesus

[more]

Lirabuccinum

[more]

Lussivolutopsius

[more]

Macron

A Genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]

Manaria

[more]

Metaphos

[more]

Meteuthria

Mohnia

[more]

Molopophorus

Monostiolum

[more]

Morrisonella

[more]

Muricantharus

[more]

Nassaria

[more]

Nassicola

Neoberingius

[more]

Neobuccinum

[more]

Neosconsia

Neoteron

Neptunea

[more]

Nicema

Northia

Northia is a genus of plant in family Sapotaceae. [more]

Odontobasis

Paradoxa

Paradoxa is a of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks and their allies. [more]

Pareuthria

[more]

Parviphos

[more]

Penion

[more]

Perunassa

Phos

[more]

Pisania

[more]

Plicifusus

[more]

Pollia

Herbs perennial. Rhizomes horizontal, long. Stems erect or ascending, usually simple. Leaves alternate. Panicles terminal; cincinni with several flowers, proximal involucral bracts nearly leaflike, distal ones small; bracts enveloping inflorescence axis, membranous. Flowers actinomorphic. Sepals free, shallowly boat-shaped, often enlarging and persistent in fruit. Petals free, white, blue, purple, or greenish yellow, sometimes spotted, ovate-elliptic, ovate-orbicular, or obovate, sometimes clawed. Stamens 6, all fertile, equal or 3 smaller, or only anterior 3 fertile; filaments glabrous; anther locules oblong, longitudinally dehiscent; antherodes deltoid-lanceolate or sagittate. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules (1--) 5--10 per locule. Fruit baccate, globose, 3-valved, indehiscent. Seeds (1--) 5--8 per valve, purplish gray, polygonal, slightly flattened; hilum orbicular.[2] [more]

Pomahakia

Probuccinum

[more]

Prodotia

[more]

Proneptunea

[more]

Prosipho

[more]

Pseudocominella

Pseudofax

Pseudoliomesus

[more]

Pseudoneptunea

[more]

Ptychosalpinx

[more]

Ptychosyca

Pusiostoma

[more]

Pyrolofusus

[more]

Pyrulofusus

[more]

Ranella

Ranella is a genus of very large warm-water and tropical sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Ranellidae, the tritons. [more]

Reticubuccinum

[more]

Retimohnia

[more]

Scalaspira

Searlesia

[more]

Searlsia

[more]

Serratifusus

[more]

Serrifusus

Seymourosphaera

Sipho

[more]

Siphonalia

[more]

Siphonofusus

[more]

Siphonorbis

[more]

Solenosteira

[more]

Stantonella

Strepsidura

Sulcosinus

[more]

Sycostoma

Tacita

[more]

Tasmeuthria

Terebrifusus

Tomlinia

[more]

Trajana

[more]

Tritiaria

Triton

[more]

Tritonidea

[more]

Tritonofusus

[more]

Triumphis

[more]

Tromina

[more]

Troschelia

[more]

Truncaria

[more]

Turrisipho

[more]

Verconella

Volutharpa

[more]

Volutopsion

[more]

Volutopsius

[more]

Zemira

[more]

More info about the Genus Zemira may be found here.

References

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  1. ^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
  2. ^ a b Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Buccinidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin especies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=149 on 2010-12-30
  3. ^ Macgillivray, William , History of the molluscous animals of Scotland, London, 1844
  4. ^ Petuch E. J. (2002). "New deep water gastropods from the Bimini Shelf, Bimini Chain, Bahamas". Ruthenica 12(1): 59-72. abstract.
  5. ^ K. Fraussen (2008). "Enigmaticolus, a new genus of deep water buccinids (Gastropoda: Buccinidae), with description of a new species from Madagascar". Gloria Maris 46 (4?5): 74?82. http://www.ofseaandshore.com/newspecies/newspecies2.php[dead link]

Footnotes

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  1. http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=176319
  2. Deyuan Hong & Robert A. DeFilipps "Pollia". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 32. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Further Reading

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External links

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Media related to Buccinidae at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Buccinidae at Wikispecies

Sources

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Last Revised: August 24, 2012
2012/08/24 13:26:16