Overview
Bradybaenidae is a family of medium-sized to small land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.
They are mainly found in Asia, with only one species occurring in Northwestern Europe: Fruticicola fruticum.
The name of the family and the genus Bradybaena is derived from the Greek words bradus ( = slow) and baino ( = walk), meaning "slow walker".
Anatomy
Some genera of snails in this family create and use love darts as part of their mating behavior. The dart sac contains one to two glands. They are also defined by missing a diverticulum.
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes varies from 26 to 30 (according to the values in this table).[1]
Genera
Subfamily Bradybaeninae Pilsbry, 1924 - they are defined by the presence of two divided glands with one to two accessory sacs.
- Tribe Aegistini
- Aegista Albers, 1850
- Coelorus Pilsbry, 1900
- Lepidopisum Habe, 1957
- Mandarina Pilsbry, 1895
- Plectotropis Martens in Albers, 1860
- Trishoplita Jacobi, 1898
- Tribe Bradybaenini Pilsbry, 1934
- Ainohelix Kuroda & Taki, 1933
- Bradybaena Beck, 1837 for example: Bradybaena similaris, the Asian trampsnail
- Cathaica Moellendorff, 1884
- Coccoglypta Pilsbry, 1895
- Eulota Hartmann, 1843
- Ezohelix Kuroda & Emura, 1938
- Fruticicola - for example Fruticicola fruticum
- Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899
- Nesiohelix Kuroda & Emura, 1943
- Phaeohelix Kuroda & Habe, 1949
- Plecteulota Moellendorff, 1892
- Ponsadenia Schileyko, 1978
- Pseudiberus Ancey, 1887
- Pseudobuliminus Gredler, 1886
- Tribe Euhadrini Habe, Okutani & Nishiwaki , 1994
- Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890
Subfamily Helicostylinae Ihering, 1909 :they are defined by the presence of one gland that is being inserted without accessory sac (Tricheulota group) or with accessory sac (Helicostyla group).
- Cochostyla
- Helicostyla Férussac, 1821
- Tricheulota Pilsbry, 1895
Taxonomy
The genus Monadenia Pilsbry, 1895 used to be placed in this family[2], but it has been moved to the family Xanthonychidae.
Photos
Taxonomy
The Family Bradybaenidae is a member of the Superfamily Helicoidea. Here is the complete "parentage" of Bradybaenidae:
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Infrakingdom: Lophotrochozoa
- Lophotrochozoans
- Superphylum: Eutrochozoa
- Phylum: Mollusca
(Linnaeus, 1758) Cuvier, 1795 - Molluscs
- Class: Gastropoda
Cuvier, 1795 - Snails and Slugs
- Subclass: Orthogastropoda
Ponder & Lindberg, 1996
- Superorder: Heterobranchia
J.e. Gray, 1840
- Order: Pulmonata
Cuvier, in Blainville, 1814 - land snails and slugs
- Suborder: Eupulmonata
(Haszprunar & Huber, 1990)
- Infraorder: Stylommatophora
A. Schmidt, 1855
- Superfamily: Helicoidea
Rafinesque, 1815
- Family: Bradybaenidae
- Superfamily: Helicoidea
Rafinesque, 1815
- Infraorder: Stylommatophora
A. Schmidt, 1855
- Suborder: Eupulmonata
(Haszprunar & Huber, 1990)
- Order: Pulmonata
Cuvier, in Blainville, 1814 - land snails and slugs
- Superorder: Heterobranchia
J.e. Gray, 1840
- Subclass: Orthogastropoda
Ponder & Lindberg, 1996
- Class: Gastropoda
Cuvier, 1795 - Snails and Slugs
- Phylum: Mollusca
(Linnaeus, 1758) Cuvier, 1795 - Molluscs
- Superphylum: Eutrochozoa
- Infrakingdom: Lophotrochozoa
- Lophotrochozoans
- Branch: Protostomia
Grobben, 1908 - protostomes
- Subkingdom: Bilateria
(Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians
- Kingdom: Animalia
Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
The Family Bradybaenidae is further organized into finer groupings including:
- Subfamily (2): Bradybaeninae · Helicostylinae
- Genus (46): Acusta · Aegista · Ainohelix · Anixa · Axina · Bradybaena · Buliminopsis · Calocochlia · Canistrum · Cathaica · Chloraea · Chlorea · Chlorilis · Chloritis · Chrysallis · Cochlostyla · Corasia · Dolicheulota · Euhadra · Eulota · Ezohelix · Fruticicola · Fruticola · Halolimnohelix · Helicostyla · Karaftohelix · Koreanohadra · Laecocathaica · Laeocathaica · Mesanella · Monadenia · Nesiohelix · Paraegista · Phaeohelix · Phengus · Phoenicobius · Plecteulota · Plectotropis · Ponsadenia · Pseudobuliminus · Pseudobulimulus · Steatodryas · Stilpnodiscus · Tricheulota · Trichocathaica · Trishoplita
- Species: ZipcodeZoo has pages for 628 species and subspecies in the Family Bradybaenidae.
Genera
Acusta
Aegista
Aegista is a of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bradybaenidae. [more]
Ainohelix
Anixa
Axina
Bradybaena
Buliminopsis
Calocochlia
Canistrum
Canistrum (Greek “kanistron” - a kind of basket carried on the head) is a of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. [more]
Cathaica
Chloraea
A genus in the Kingdom Animalia. [more]
Chlorea
Chlorilis
Chloritis
Chrysallis
Cochlostyla
Corasia
Dolicheulota
Euhadra
Euhadra is a of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bradybaenidae. (This snail genus was previously placed in the family Eulotidae). [more]
Eulota
Ezohelix
Fruticicola
Fruticola
Halolimnohelix
Halolimnohelix is a genus of in the Hygromiidae family. It contains the following species: [more]
Helicostyla
Helicostyla is a genus of in the Bradybaenidae family. [more]
Karaftohelix
Koreanohadra
Laecocathaica
Laeocathaica
Mesanella
Monadenia
Monadenia is a of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helminthoglyptidae. [more]
Nesiohelix
Paraegista
Paraegista is a genus of in the Bradybaenidae family. It contains the following species: [more]
Phaeohelix
Phengus
Phoenicobius
Plecteulota
Plectotropis
Ponsadenia
Pseudobuliminus
Pseudobulimulus
Steatodryas
Stilpnodiscus
Tricheulota
Trichocathaica
Trishoplita
At least 15 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Trishoplita.
More info about the Genus Trishoplita may be found here.
References
- ^ Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
- ^ [1] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Bradybaenidae Taxonomic Serial No.: 77713 cited 18 July 2007
Sources
- The text on this page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It includes material from Wikipedia retrieved Thursday, August 13, 2009.
- The distribution map on the Distribution tab comes from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and is used with permission.
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