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Taxonomy

Genera

Abies

Trees evergreen, crown usually spirelike to conic, sometimes flat to round topped in age. Bark initially thin, smooth, bearing resin blisters, in age furrowed and/or flaking in plates. Branches whorled, irregular internodal branches occasionally produced by epicormic sprouting (growing from a dormant bud) ; short (spur) shoots absent; leaf scars prominent, ± circular to broadly elliptic, flush with twig surface, slightly depressed, or slightly raised evenly all around. Buds ovate or oblong, resinous or not, apex rounded or pointed. Leaves borne singly, persisting 5 or more years, spirally arranged but often proximally twisted so as to appear either 1-ranked (pointing up like toothbrush bristles) or 2-ranked, sessile, typically constricted and often twisted above the somewhat broadened base, sheath absent; leaves on vegetative branches flattened, frequently grooved adaxially, usually notched to rounded at apex; leaves on fertile branches sometimes appearing 4-sided, upright, sharp-pointed to rounded at apex; resin canals 2. Cones borne on year-old twigs. Pollen cones grouped, ovate or oblong-cylindric, leaving gall-like protuberances after falling, yellow to red, green, blue, or purple. Seed cones maturing in 1 season, erect, ovoid to oblong-cylindric or cylindric, not falling whole but scale by scale, cone axis persisting as an erect "spike" on branch; scales shed individually, fan-shaped, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included to exserted. Seeds winged, the wing-seed juncture bearing resin sac; cotyledons 4--10. x =12.^[1] [more]

At least 527 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Abies.

More info about the Genus Abies may be found here.

Acalypha

Acalypha is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is the sole genus of the subtribe Acalyphinae. With 450 to 500 species of herbs and shrubs, the genus is only behind Euphorbia, Croton and Phyllanthus in term of Malpighiales diversity. The common names are copperleaves or three-seeded mercuries. [more]

At least 765 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Acalypha.

More info about the Genus Acalypha may be found here.

Acanthocalyx

Acanthocalyx is a genus of about three species in the family Dipsacaceae, sometimes included in Morinaceae, native to Sino-Himalayan Region. [more]

At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Acanthocalyx.

More info about the Genus Acanthocalyx may be found here.

Acantholimon

Shrublets, usually thorny, pulvinate, often subglobose, many-branched. Leaves borne on current year's branches, crowded, sessile, persistent on old branches after withering; spring leaves at base of current year's branches and similar or different from summer leaves; leaf blade linear, linear-needlelike, or linear subulate, usually very shallowly obdeltate to subcomplanate in cross section, apex usually pointed to awned. Inflorescences borne in axil of spring leaves at base of current year's branches, branched or unbranched; spikes pedunculate, with 2--8 spikelets, arranged in 2 rows, sometimes rachis undeveloped with spike or spikelets axillary; spikelets 1--5-flowered; bracts distinctly shorter than bractlet of first flower, margin membranous; first bractlet similar to bract, margin broadly membranous. Calyx funnelform or rarely subtubular; tube straight or occasionally basally oblique, inconspicuously herbaceous along ribs and scarious between ribs; limb purple, pink, or white, broad, scarious, 5- or 10-lobed. Corolla slightly exserted from calyx; petals basally slightly connate. Stamens adnate to corolla base. Ovary linear-cylindrical, apex attenuate. Styles 5, free, glabrous; stigmas depressed capitate. Capsules oblong-filiform.^[2] [more]

At least 426 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Acantholimon.

More info about the Genus Acantholimon may be found here.

Alchornea

Alchornea is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 70 tropical species. [more]

At least 115 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Alchornea.

More info about the Genus Alchornea may be found here.

Caperonia

False crotons (genus Caperonia) are a group of plants of the family Euphorbiaceae. There are 60 species found in tropical America and tropical Africa. [more]

At least 53 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Caperonia.

More info about the Genus Caperonia may be found here.

Chrozophora

Chrozophora is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae and the sole genus comprised in the subtribe Chrozophorinae. It comprises 11 or 12 species, which are monoecious herbs or undershrubs. They are found from Africa and the Mediterranean to Southeast Asia. [more]

At least 14 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Chrozophora.

More info about the Genus Chrozophora may be found here.

Coleonema

At least 21 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Coleonema.

More info about the Genus Coleonema may be found here.

Dalechampia

Dalechampia is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae and of the monogeneric subtribe Dalechampiinae. It comprises about 110 species, found in all warm areas and especially in the Americas. [more]

At least 179 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Dalechampia.

More info about the Genus Dalechampia may be found here.

Dichelostemma

Herbs, perennial, scapose, from fibrous-coated corms. Leaves 1-5, basal; blade narrowly lanceolate, usually keeled and channeled, margins entire. Scape solitary, usually weak, curved to twining, cylindrical, smooth to scabrous. Inflorescences umbellate or racemose, usually dense, 2-20-flowered, bracteate; bracts 2-4, ± papery, not enclosing flower buds. Flowers: perianth 6-tepaled, distinctly connate proximally into tube, tube cylindrical, ovoid, or campanulate, occasionally globose or urceolate, soft, limb lobes similar; perianth appendages arising from intersection of perianth tube and limb lobes, leaning toward or away from anthers, forming corona; anthers basifixed, held close to style; stamens 3 (6 in Dichelostemma capitatum), epitepalous; filaments entirely adnate to perianth tube; staminodia absent (except in D. volubile) ; pistil 3-carpellate; ovary superior, sessile or stipitate, 3-locular, ovules several; style 1; stigma weakly 3-lobed; pedicel erect or flexuous, articulate beneath perianth, usually shorter than flowers. Fruits capsular, 3-angled, usually ovoid, firm, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, sharply angled, coat with crust. x = 9 (8 in D. ida-maia).^[3] [more]

At least 23 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Dichelostemma.

More info about the Genus Dichelostemma may be found here.

Ditaxis

Ditaxis is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. Its name comes from Greek dis ("two") and taxis ("rank"), referring to the stamens which are in two whorls. [more]

At least 68 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ditaxis.

More info about the Genus Ditaxis may be found here.

Eryngium

Herbs biennial or perennial, caulescent or acaulescent, usually glabrous. Taproot fusiform or stout. Stem solitary, creeping to erect, branched above. Leaves simple; petioles sheathing; blade entire, pinnately or palmately parted or divided, leathery or membranous, venation parallel or reticulate, margin often ciliate to spinose. Umbels simple, capitate forming globose to cylindrical heads; heads solitary or in cymes, sometimes racemes; bracts 1 to several, entire or divided, subtending the head; bracteoles 1 to many, subtending the individual flowers. Flowers small, bisexual, sessile. Calyx teeth prominent, persistent, ovate to lanceolate, acute to obtuse. Petals white or purple, ovate to oblong, with incurved apex. Stylopodium absent; styles shorter than or exceeding the calyx teeth. Fruit globose to obovoid, scarcely flattened laterally, variously covered with scales or tubercles; ribs obsolete; vittae mostly 5, inconspicuous; commissure broad. Seed subterete in cross section, face plane or slightly concave. Carpophore absent.^[4] [more]

At least 664 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Eryngium.

More info about the Genus Eryngium may be found here.

Haplopappus

Haplopappus is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It contains the following species: [more]

At least 256 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Haplopappus.

More info about the Genus Haplopappus may be found here.

Macaranga

Macaranga is a large genus of Old World tropical trees of the family Euphorbiaceae and the only genus in the subtribe Macaranginae. Native to Africa, Asia and the South Pacific, the genus comprises over 300 different species. These plants are noted for being recolonizers, that is, they are among the first plants to appear on disturbed ground. [more]

At least 393 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Macaranga.

More info about the Genus Macaranga may be found here.

Mallotus

Mallotus may refer to: [more]

At least 210 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Mallotus.

More info about the Genus Mallotus may be found here.

Mercurialis

At least 34 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Mercurialis.

More info about the Genus Mercurialis may be found here.

Ricinus

The castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, is a plant species of the Euphorbiaceae and the sole member of the genus Ricinus and of the subtribe Ricininae. Its seed is the castor bean which, despite its name, is not a true bean. [more]

At least 69 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ricinus.

More info about the Genus Ricinus may be found here.

Tragia

Tragia is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises about one hundred species found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Plants in this genus are sometimes known as noseburns. [more]

At least 205 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Tragia.

More info about the Genus Tragia may be found here.

Bibliography

• Hoover, R. F. 1940b. The genus Dichelostemma. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 24: 463-476.
• Keator, G. 1967. Ecological and Taxonomic Studies on the Genus Dichelostemma. Ph.D. thesis. University of California, Berkeley.
• Keator, G. 1991. Studies in the genus Dichelostemma. Four Seasons 9: 24-39.
• Lenz, L. W. 1976. The nature of the floral appendages in four species of Dichelostemma. Aliso 8: 379-381.
• Liu, T. S. 1971. A Monograph of the Genus Abies. Taipei.
• Matzenko, A.E. 1968. Conspectus generis Abies Mill. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 9--12.
• Peng Ze-xiang (as Peng Tse-hsiang) in Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang), ed. 1987. Plumbaginaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 1-47.

Footnotes

1. Richard S. Hunt "Abies". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
2. "Acantholimon". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 193. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
3. J. Chris Pires "Dichelostemma". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 53, 55, 321, 328, 329, 331, 332. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
4. Sheh Meng-lan, Mark F. Watson "Eryngium". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 24. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Sources

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