Urophycis chuss

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Family : Phycid hakes ; Found on soft muddy and sandy bottoms , but never on rocks, gravel or shells . Juveniles live along the coasts at shallow depths (4-6 m ); adults migrate to deeper waters, generally to between 110 and 130 m, and in some instances, to over 550 m. Juveniles live in scallops ( Placopecten magellanicus ) and remain close to scallop beds until they mature [1]. Feed on shrimps, amphipods and other crustaceans, also on squid and herring , flatfish , mackerel and others. Utilized fresh, dried or salted and frozen; also small fish are used for fishmeal ; eaten steamed, microwaved and baked[1]

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Phycidae

Atlantic. Two dorsal fins, one anal fin, neither connected with caudal fin. Pelvic fin with two elongated rays. Juveniles of some species spend part of their time in estuaries[2]. Corresponds with Phycinae in Nelson, 1994.The family Phycidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes ) and the Order Gadiformes. It contains 2 genera and 10 species. It may be found in Marine and Brackish environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is subcarangiform. Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Etymology of this family name : Greek, phykis, -idos = female of a fish named "phyke", a fish that lives among seaweed, related to goby

Habitat

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -5,311 meters (0 to -17,425 feet).[3]

Biome: Saltwater . Demersal .

Biology

Sound types : thumps, knocks. Sound organ: swim bladder.

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Blennius chuss Walbaum, 1792
2. Enchelyopus americanus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
3. Gadus longipes Mitchill, 1814
4. Phycis americanus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
5. Phycis chuss (Walbaum, 1792)
6. Phycis filamentosus Storer, 1858
7. Phycis marginatus Rafinesque, 1818

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Urophycis

There are approximately 24 species in this genus:

U. albidus · U. blennioides · U. blennoides · U. brasiliensis (Brazilian Codling) · U. cherteri · U. chesteri · U. chus · U. chuss (Squirrel Hake) · U. cirrata (Brazilian Codling) · U. cirratus · U. earlii · U. earlli (Carolina Hake) · U. earllii (Carolina Hake) · U. floridana (Southern Codling) · U. floridanus · U. latus · U. mediterraneus · U. mystacea · U. mystaceus · U. regia (Spotted Codling) · U. regius · U. reqius · U. tenius · U. tenuis (Boston Hake)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Catalogue of the fishes of New York. By Tarleton H. Bean Albany, University of the state of New York, 1903. ENG url p. 707.
• A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity / By Francis B. Sumner, Raymond C. Osburn, and Leon J. Cole. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1913 ENG url p. 163, p. 169, p. 582, p. 583, p. 586, p. 587, p. 588, p. 589, p. 593, p. 594, p. 641, p. 770, p. 860.
• A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Report presented at the eighty-ninth annual meeting, Clearwater, Fla., Sept. 16-18, 1959. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960. ENG url p. 22.
• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 294.
• Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended Washington: G.P.O., 1914- ENG url p. 213.
• Annual report of the Commissioners of Fisheries, Game and Forests of the State of New York. [Albany, N.Y.: The Commission, 1896-1900] ENG url p. 451.
• Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: [Cysneiros & Cia, 1876-1926] POR url p. 2.
• Benthic productivity and marine resources of the Gulf of Maine / Ivar Babb and Michael De Luca, editors. [Rockville, MD] (6010 Executive Blvd., Suite 805, Rockville 20852): U.S. Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Office of Undersea Research, [1988] ENG url p. 211.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 2555.
• Bulletin / Chicago Natural History Museum. [Chicago, Ill.]: The Museum, [1944-1966] ENG url p. 7.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) ENG url p. 26.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 220, p. 235, p. 259.
• Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. Washington, The Commission, Govt. Print. Off. ENG url p. 447, p. 454.
• Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba (1990). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO
• Cohen, Daniel M., Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto, and Nadia Scialabba 1990. Gadiform Fishes of the World (Order Gadiformes): An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, no. 125, vol. 10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. x + 442. ISBN: 92-5-102890-7.
• Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Mid- Atlantic estuaries. Silver Spring, Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, 1994- ENG url p. 108, p. 21, p. 263, p. 276, p. 4, p. 67.
• Ecology of Buzzards Bay: an estuarine profile / by Brian L. Howes and Dale D. Goehringer and Center for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts; Rebecca J. Howard, project officer. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Service, 1996. ENG url p. 52.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. ENG url p. 20.
• Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray (1970). Sounds of Western North Atlantic fishes. A reference file of biological underwater sounds. The John Hopkins Press, Baltimor.
• Fisheries and fishery resources of New York Bight / J.L. McHugh. [Seattle, WA]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service; 1977. ENG url p. 7, p. 9.
• Fishery bulletin / U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service: ENG url p. 1, p. 1, p. 1023, p. 141, p. 145, p. 171, p. 175, p. 188, p. 201, p. 210, p. 213, p. 215, p. 216, p. 217, p. 218, p. 218, p. 219, p. 221, p. 246, p. 27, p. 306, p. 314, p. 317, p. 33, p. 391, p. 414, p. 416, p. 420, p. 421, p. 46, p. 47, p. 479, p. 480, p. 480, p. 481, p. 482, p. 482, p. 483, p. 483, p. 484, p. 485, p. 485, p. 486, p. 486, p. 488, p. 488, p. 489, p. 490, p. 492, p. 493, p. 494, p. 5, p. 509, p. 52, p. 532, p. 551, p. 574, p. 576, p. 594, p. 61, p. 645, p. 712, p. 72, p. 749, p. 779, p. 830, p. 886, p. 895, p. 99.
• Fishery bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, The Service, U.S. Govt Print. Off. ENG url p. 223, p. 229, p. 548.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. ENG url p. 21, p. 215, p. 44, p. 50, p. 52, p. 8.
• Fishery leaflet / United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service, ENG url p. 5.
• Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, by Henry B. Bigelow and William C. Schroeder. Washington, United States Government Printing Office, 1953. ENG url p. 223, p. 225, p. 548.
• Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. By Henry B. Bigelow and William W. Welsh Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1925. ENG url p. 447, p. 454, p. 536.
• Guide to marine fishes; [a new method for identification of marine fishes. New York]New York University Press[1961] ENG url p. 277, p. 320, p. 431.
• Ichthyoplankton from the RV DOLPHIN survey of continental shelf waters between Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and Cape Lookout, North Carolina, 1965-66 / by P. L. Berrien [et al.]. Highlands, N.J.: Sandy Hook Laboratory, Northeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Serice, 1978. ENG url p. 118.
• Illinois biological monographs. Urbana, Univ. of Illinois Press. ENG url p. 176, p. 240, p. 71.
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. ENG url p. 380, p. 596, p. 66.
• Klein-MacPhee, Grace / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds. 2002. Cods: Family Gadidae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 223-261. ISBN: 1-56098-951-3.
• Marine and estuarine environments, organisms, and geology of the Cape Cod region; an indexed bibliography, 1665-1965 [by] Anne E. Yentsch [and others. Woods Hole, Mass., Systematics Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory[c1966] ENG url p. 174, p. 30, p. 93.
• Marine products of commerce; their acquisition, handling, biological aspects, and the science and techology of their preparation and preservation, by Donald K. Tressler and James McW. Lemon in collaboration with Alexander E. Alexander [and others] New York, Book Division, Reinhold, 1951. ENG url p. 160.
• Moore, Jon A., Karsten E. Hartel, James E. Craddock, and John K. Galbraith 2003. An annotated list of deepwater fishes from off the New England region, with new area records. Northeastern Naturalist, vol. 10, no. 2. 159-248.
• Murdy, Edward O., Ray S. Birdsong, and John A. Musick 1997. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. xi + 324. ISBN: 1-56098-638-7.
• NOAA technical report NMFS SSRF. Seattle, Wash.: National Marine Fisheries Service; ENG url p. 12, p. 13, p. 14, p. 2, p. 2, p. 5.
• National overview and evolution of NOAA's Estuarine Living Marine Resources (ELMR) Program / David M. Nelson and Mark E. Monaco. Silver Spring. Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, 2000. ENG url p. 17, p. 23, p. 7.
• Ontogeny and systematics of fishes: based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of Elbert Halvor Ahlstrom / sponsored by the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Dept. of Commer [New York?]: American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, c1984. ENG url p. 278, p. 298, p. 721, p. 739.
• Our living oceans: the first annual report on the status of U.S. living marine resources. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1991. ENG url p. 116.
• Oxygen depletion and associated benthic mortalities in New York Bight, 1976 / editors, R. Lawrence Swanson, Carl J. Sindermann. Rockville, Md.: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; 1979. ENG url p. 309.
• Papers in marine biology and oceanography, dedicated to Henry Bryant Bigelow by his former students and associates on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1955. London, Pergamon Press, 1955. ENG url p. 367.
• Plankton of the offshore waters of the Gulf of Maine. By Henry B. Bigelow. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1926. ENG url p. 19.
• Proceedings and transactions of the Royal Society of Canada. D�lib�rations et m�moires de la Soci�t� royale du Canada. Ottawa [etc.]Soci�t� royale du Canada. FRE url p. 133, p. 220.
• Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Boston: Metcalf and Co., 1846-1958 ENG url p. 551, p. 553, p. 554, p. 567, p. 569, p. 573.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. [Washington, Biological Society of Washington] ENG url p. 163.
• Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association. Plymouth, Mass., Published for the National Shellfisheries Association by MPG Communications. ENG url p. 86, p. 87.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 106, p. 124, p. 418, p. 429, p. 436, p. 438, p. 579, p. 614, p. 62, p. 67, p. 68, p. 73, p. 93, p. 94.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.
• Special scientific report. Seattle, National Marine Fisheries Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1971. ENG url p. 13, p. 3, p. 54.
• Swaby, S.E. and G.W. Potts (1990). Rare British marine fishes - identification and conservation. J. Fish Biol. 37 (Suppl. A):133-143.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, ENG url p. 195, p. 202, p. 76.

Notes

Contributors

• American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
• FishBase
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 02, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 6 providers.
• Smith-Vaniz, William F. (from FishBase).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 02, 2008:

• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
• Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Fish Collection
• FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: A Biological Survey of the Waters of Woods Hole and Vacinity
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Atlantic Reference Centre (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Bay of Fundy Species List (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: DFO Maritimes Research Vessel Trawl Surveys Fish Observations (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: ECNASAP - East Coast North America Strategic Assessment (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Electronic Atlas of Ichthyoplankton on the Scotian Shelf of North America (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Gulf of Maine Bottom Trawl Survey Data (NEFSC,NMFS,NOAA)(USOBIS)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Ifremer BIOCEAN database (Deep Sea Benthic Fauna)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History - Marine Birds, Mammals, and Fishes (OBIS Canada)
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Fish Collection
• Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
• University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2503531
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-22972
• Fishbase Species ID: 312
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13538370
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 164730
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCMA15010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 127411

Footnotes

1. Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. [back]
2. Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba (1990). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO [back]
3. Mean = -263.740 meters (-865.289 feet), Standard Deviation = 551.680 based on 11,607 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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