Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Brown Longtail
Description
Family Hesperiidae
'The Hesperiidae are members
of the Superfamily
Hesperioidea. Worldwide in distribution, skippers are richest in the tropics. More than 3,500 species are described, with approximately 275 in North America, many of which are found only in Arizona and Texas. Most skippers are small to medium, usually orange, brown, black, white, or gray. A few have iridescent
colors. Skippers have large eyes, short antennae (often with hooked
clubs), stout bodies, and three pairs of walking legs
. Their flight is often rapid, making wing
movement appear blurred. Adults
of most species have long probicscises and feed
on floral
nectar, but some also take up nutrients
from bird droppings. Males have scent scales
found in modified forewing
patches. Males of most species locate mates by perching
(grass
and giant-skippers), though some patrol, especially in the open-winged skippers. Globular
eggs
are laid singly.
'[1]
Subfamily Pyrginae
Pyrgines are primarily tropical American species of the Family Hesperiidae. There are approximately 80 North American species. Most genera are tropical, but the duskywings and checkered-skippers are mainly temperate and also occur in Eurasia . Adults of many species land with their wings open, although some perch with their wings closed or half open. They imbibe nectar from flowers, and males of many species take in moisture from moist sand or mud . Some adults also feed on bird droppings. Many tropical species rest underneath leaves when inactive . Females lay eggs singly. Most species lay eggs directly on host-plant leaves, while others lay on nearby plants or objects. Almost all species use broad-leafed plants as their caterpillar hosts, and caterpillars live in rolled-leaf or webbed-leaf shelters .[2]
Physical Description
Species Urbanus procne
Tailed ; wings are brown. Forewing has a narrow white band or it may be lacking. Males have a costal fold enclosing scent scales on the leading edge of the forewing. Inner band on the underside of the hindwing is separated from the brown spot near the costa . (ref. 104874)
Color:
Tailed ; wings are brown. Forewing has a narrow white band or it may be lacking. Males have a costal fold enclosing scent scales on the leading edge of the forewing. Inner band on the underside of the hindwing is separated from the brown spot near the costa .
Size/Age/Growth
Wing span : 1 7/16 - 1 7/8 inches (3.7 - 4.8 cm).
Habitat
Grassy openings in tropical and subtropical forests .
Biology
Diet
Caterpillar hosts: Grasses including Bermuda grass
(Cynodon
dactylon) and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). (ref. 104874)
Adult
food: Not reported. (ref. 104874)
Reproduction
Females deposit eggs on the host plants . Caterpillars eat leaves; young ones live in a folded leaf nest .
Behavior
Flight: Three broods throughout the year in South Texas.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
()
- A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
()
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
()
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
()
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
()
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
()
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
()
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
()
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
()
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
()
- Order:
Lepidoptera
()
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
()
- Family:
Hesperiidae
()
- Latreille, 1809
- Skippers
- Family:
Hesperiidae
(
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Urbanus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 12 species and subspecies in this genus:
U. belli (Double-Striped Longtail) · U. dorantes (Dorantes Longtail) · U. doryssus (White-Tailed Longtail) · U. esmeraldus (Esmeralda Longtail) · U. evona (Turquoise Longtail) · U. procne (Brown Longtail) · U. pronus (Pronus Longtail) · U. proteus (Bean Leafroller) · U. simplicius (Plain Longtail) · U. tanna (Tanna Longtail) · U. teleus (Teleus Longtail) · U. viterboana (Bluish Longtail)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 17, 2008:
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Illinois Natural History Survey
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2602556
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Lep-189581.0
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: IILEP12080
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 171410
