Interesting Facts
- "Flipper". Fairly plain gray with no bold patterns , this is the most commonly seen Atlantic dolphin .
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Aleut:
Nezarnak
Common Names in Czech:
DelfÃn Skákavý
Common Names in Danish:
Øresvin
Common Names in Dutch:
Tuimelaar
Common Names in English:
Atlantic Bottle-Nosed Dolphin, Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin, Bottle-Nose Dolphin, Bottle-Nosed Dolphin, Bottlenose Dolphin, Bottlenosed Dolphin, Common Bottlenose Dolphin, Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin, Offshore Bottlenose Dolphin
Common Names in French:
Dauphin Nesarnak, Grand Dauphin, Grand Souffler, Oudre, Souffleur, Tursion, Tursiops
Common Names in German:
Großer Tümmler, Grosser Tümmleer, Hochcöplige Tümmler, Oresvin Tantöje, Tümmler
Common Names in Italian:
Delfino Maggiore, Tursione, Tursiope
Common Names in Japanese:
Hando Iruka
Common Names in Latvian:
Lielaa-Iuras-Tsuuka
Common Names in Norwegian:
Tandthöije, Tumler
Common Names in Portuguese:
Boto, Bouto, Peixe-Boto, Roaz Corvineiro
Common Names in Russian:
Afalina, Chernvi Delfin, Ofalina
Common Names in Spanish:
DelfÃn Tonina, Delfín Tonina, Mular, Pez Mular, Tursión
Common Names in Swedish:
Oresvin
Description
Family Delphinidae
The family Delphinidae has been called a 'taxonomic trash basket', because many small to medium-sized odontocetes of various forms have been lumped together in this group for centuries. Consequentely, the so-called delphinids are diverse in form. They range in size from 1 to 1.88 m dolphins of the genera Sotalia and Cephalorhynchus, to the killer whale , in which males can reach lengths of at least 9.8 m. However, most delphinids share the following characteristics: a marine habitat , a noticeable beak, conical teeth, and a large falcate dorsal fin set near the middle of the back. There are exceptions to everyone of these rules , except the presence of basically conical teeth.
Physical Description
Species Tursiops truncatus
Made famous by the television show Flipper, the Bottlenose Dolphin
is a large, robust
animal with a slightly hooked
broad dorsal fin. Size and some physical characteristics vary according to the distribution of each individual. In smaller forms, the well-known bottle-shaped beak is shorter and slender. It broadens as the body size increases. In some populations the melon is more rounded
. Body colour
also varies; the dorsal cape
ranges
from dark blue to brown-grey, fading to a pale
grey along the flanks. The ventral
surface is white-pink, and the tip
of the snout is normally white. Tail flukes
and the flippers' edges
are grey-black. Dark lines
from melon to eye and eye to flipper can also be seen. Some populations are spotted, or a dark grey-black. The Bottlenose Dolphin measures between 1.9m and 4m, weighing 90-650kg.
Recognition at sea
: The Bottlenose Dolphin cannot really be confused with other species - for instance, the spotted variety is more bulky in appearance
than other mottled
species, such as the Pantropical
and Atlantic Spotted Dolphins
. The broad dorsal cape and shorter snout should discern this animal from the Rough-Toothed Dolphin, which has a more cone-shaped head
. In coastal waters
, the size and shape
of the dorsal fin should be enough to distinguish between the Bottlenose Dolphin and other local species, such as the Tuxuci, which has a more triangular fin
.
Size/Age/Growth
Size: Adults
from 1.9 to 3.8m, weighing up to 650kg. There is tremendous variation
between populations, as different groups, known as ecotypes, are adapted to the different conditions in which they live.
Longevity
: At least 30 years (approximately).
Habitat
Coastal and Oceanic species. Populations generally occur in water in less than 30 miles from shore . Found in open coasts with strong surf to sheltered bays and waterways , lagoons , large estuaries and the lower reaches of rivers .
Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of -337 meters (-1,104 feet).[1]
Ecology: List of Habitats : 9.1 Marine Neritic - Pelagic 9.10 Marine Neritic - Estuaries 10.1 Marine Oceanic - Epipelagic (0-200m)
Biology
Diet
Feeding behaviour is extremely varied, depending on what is available. They may co-operate to forage on large schools of fish, or chase individual fish inshore. They have also been seen feeding behind trawlers and other fishing boats . This adaptability in feeding has undoubtedly contributed to their success, and enabled them to range so extensively.
Reproduction
Life Span: 30+ years. Gestation period : 12 months. Peak seasons for mating: May and June. Calving interval: two to three years. Nursing lasts: calves suckle for up to 18 months. Sexual maturity begins at 9-10 for males and 10-13 years for females.
Behavior
Bottlenose Dolphins live in fairly open groups, generally containing no more than 20 animals, but large herds have been seen offshore. They commonly associate with other dolphin species, and sometimes they may interbreed.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Mammalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Mammals
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
)
- (Rowe, 1988) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
)
- (Wible Et Al., 1995) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
)
- (Parker & Haswell, 1897) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
)
- (Owen, 1837) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) Mckenna, in Stucky & Mckenna, in Benton, Ed., 1993
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1766) Mckenna, 1975
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Order:
Cete
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Suborder:
Cetacea
(
)
- (Brisson, 1762) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Infraorder:
Autoceta
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Parvorder:
Odontoceti
(
)
- (Flower, 1869) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superfamily:
Delphinoidea
(
)
- (Gray, 1821) Flower, 1864
- Family:
Delphinidae
(
)
- Gray, 1821
- Marine Dolphins
- Subfamily:
Delphininae
(
)
- Genus:
Tursiops
(
)
- Gervais, 1855
- Specific name:
truncatus
- (Montagu, 1821)
- Scientific name: - Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)
- Specific name:
truncatus
- (Montagu, 1821)
- Genus:
Tursiops
(
- Subfamily:
Delphininae
(
- Family:
Delphinidae
(
- Superfamily:
Delphinoidea
(
- Parvorder:
Odontoceti
(
- Infraorder:
Autoceta
(
- Suborder:
Cetacea
(
- Order:
Cete
(
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
(
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
(
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
- Class:
Mammalia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 08-Jun-2002
Similar Species
Members of the genus Tursiops
There are approximately 24 species in this genus:
T. aduncus (Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin) · T. catalania · T. cymodice · T. dawsoni · T. fergusoni · T. gephyreus · T. gilli · T. gillii · T. maugeanus · T. nesarnack · T. nesarnack catalania · T. nuuanu · T. oligodon · T. osennae · T. parvimanus · T. species · T. truncatus (Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin) · T. truncatus aduncus (Southern Bottle-Nosed Dolphin) · T. truncatus gilli · T. truncatus gillii · T. truncatus ponticus (Black Sea Bottlenose Dolphin) · T. truncatus truncatus (Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin) · T. tursio · T. x
More Info
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Further Reading
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Cetacean Specialist Group 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 20, 2008.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 18, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 49 providers.
- Pippen, Jeffrey S. Jeff's Nature Page. Accessed December 8, 2007.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:
- Australian Antarctic Data Centre, National Whale and Dolphin Sightings and Strandings Database
- Australian Antarctic Data Centre, Seabirds of the Southern and South Indian Ocean
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- EMAN Provider, PIROP
- European Environment Agency, EUNIS
- Field Museum, Mammal specimens
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Bay of Fundy Species List
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, CSIRO Marine Data Warehouse
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Canada Maritimes Regional Cetacean Sightings
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Cetacean distribution in the South Atlantic and South Pacific Ocean
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Taxonomic Information Sytem for the Belgian coastal area
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, iziko South African Museum - Marine Mammal Collection
- Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
- Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Vertebrate specimens
- Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Mammal specimens
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
- Michigan State University Museum, Vertebrate specimens
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MCZ Mammalogy Collection
- Museum of Texas Tech University
- , Mammal specimens
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- OZCAM
- Provider, Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
- Royal Ontario Museum, Mammal specimens
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
- Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Mammal Collection
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Highland Biological Recording Group - HBRG Mammals dataset.
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM, CNMA/Coleccion Nacional de Mamiferos
- University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum Mammal Collection
- University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of New Mexico Museum of Southwestern Biology Mammal Collection
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- , Mammal specimens
- University of Washington Burke Museum, Mammal Specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2478551
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-612621
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13276632
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180426
- IUCN ID: 22563
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMAGE04010
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 178533
Footnotes
- Standard Deviation = 911.890 based on 11,489 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
