Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Carolina Wren, Florida wren, great Carolina wren, Lomita wren, Lousiana wren, Mocking Wren, Texan wren
Common Names in French:
troglodyte de caroline
Common Names in German:
Carolinazaunkönig
Common Names in Japanese:
チャバラマユミソサザイ
Common Names in Spanish:
Chivir, ChivirÌn de Carolina
Description
Physical Description
Adult : Face : Chin: white Eyebrow Line : bold white stripe Bill: Curvature: slightly decurved Length : long Neck: Throat : white Body: Breast: whie near throat, buffy near belly Underparts: rich buffy Upperparts: rusty brown Tail: rusty brown with dark brown bars.
Color:
Rusty-brown color above; paler tan on the belly and undersides; distinct white eyebrow stripe .
Size/Age/Growth
About 5.5 inches long, with a wingspan of 7.75 to 7.75 inches. Adults weigh about 0.7 ounces .
Habitat
Habitats of the Carolina Wren include brushy areas usually near deciduous forests , but these birds are highly adaptable, using residential areas with available dense shrubby areas.
Vegetation: tropical deciduous forests, gallery forests, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands • Maximum Elevation: 2,200 meters • Foraging Strata: Understory/undergrowth • Center of Abundance: Lower tropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; tropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Low
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,787 meters (0 to 12,425 feet).[1]
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.4 Forest - Temperate
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
- 14 Artificial/Terrestrial
- 14.4 Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens
- 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest [more info]
Biology
Diet
The Carolina Wren forages near the ground , searches for insects and insect larvae from the branches and leaves of shrubs , and will also eat seeds from the ground or vegetation.
Reproduction
Breeding season
begins in early March, peaks from late April to mid-May,
and extends to mid-July. The Carolina Wren nests
in a variety of
places including old woodpecker cavities, within upturned roots
of
a tree
, at the base
of trees, in nest boxes, in hanging
plants
, and
even in a coat
pocket
or a kitchen pot if access
is available. The
nest is built of twigs
, bark
strips, and leaves, and lined
with finer
material
. Four to eight (usually 5) eggs
, which are whitish or pinkish
in color and flecked with browns and purples, are laid and incubated
by the female for 12-14 days. The altricial young hatch
and leave
the nest after 12-14 days.
- Breeding Habitat : Successional-scrub
- Nest Location: Ground-low nesting
- Clutch Size: 4-8
- Length of Incubation : 12-14 days
- Days to Fledge : 12-14
- Number of Broods: 2 in north, often 3 in south
Migration
Nonmigratory
The song of this bird is a loud, variable tea kettle , tea kettle, tea kettle.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Aves
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
)
- Gauthier, 1986
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
)
- Pycraft, 1900
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
)
- Sibley et al., 1988
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
- Superfamily:
Muscicapoidea
(
)
- Family:
Troglodytidae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Troglodytinae
(
)
- Genus:
Thryothorus
(
)
- Vieillot, 1816
- Specific name:
ludovicianus
- (Latham) 1790
- Scientific name: - Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham, 1790) (Latham) 1790
- Specific name:
ludovicianus
- (Latham) 1790
- Genus:
Thryothorus
(
- Subfamily:
Troglodytinae
(
- Family:
Troglodytidae
(
- Superfamily:
Muscicapoidea
(
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
- Class:
Aves
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham, 1790)
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 24-Jun-1996
Similar Species
Bewick's Wren, Marsh Wren
Members of the genus Thryothorus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 41 species and subspecies in this genus:
T. atrogularis (Black-Throated Wren) · T. coraya (Coraya's Wren) · T. coraya coraya (Coraya's Wren) · T. eisenmanni (Inca Wren) · T. euophrys (Plain-Tailed Wren) · T. euophrys euophrys (Plain-Tailed Wren) · T. fasciatoventris (Black-Bellied Wren) · T. felix (Happy Wren) · T. genibarbis (Moustached Wren) · T. genibarbis genibarbis (Moustached Wren) · T. griseus (Gray Wren) · T. guarayanus (Fawn-Breasted Wren) · T. leucopogon (Stripe-Throated Wren) · T. leucotis (Buff-Breasted Wren) · T. longirostris (Long-Billed Wren) · T. longirostris longirostris (Long-Billed Wren) · T. ludovicianus (Great Carolina Wren) · T. ludovicianus albinucha (Carolina Wren) · T. ludovicianus burleighi (Carolina Wren) · T. ludovicianus lomitensis (Carolina Wren) · T. ludovicianus ludovicianus (Carolina Wren) · T. ludovicianus miamensis (Carolina Wren) · T. maculipectus (Spot-Breasted Wren) · T. modestus (Pain Wren) · T. modestus modestus (Plain Wren) · T. mystacalis (Whiskered Wren) · T. nicefori (Niceforo's Wren) · T. nigricapillus (Bay Wren) · T. nigricapillus nigricapillus (Bay Wren) · T. pleurostictus (Banded Wren) · T. rufalbus (Rufous-And-White Wren) · T. rutilus (Rufous-Breasted Wren) · T. rutilus rutilus (Rufous-Breasted Wren) · T. sclateri (Speckle-Breasted Wren) · T. semibadius (Riverside Wren) · T. sinaloa (Bar-Vented Wren) · T. sinaloa sinaloa (Bar-Vented Wren) · T. spadix (Sooty-Headed Wren) · T. superciliaris (Superciliated Wren) · T. superciliaris superciliaris (Superciliated Wren) · T. thoracicus (Stripe-Breasted Wren)
More Info
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Further Reading
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- A catalogue of the birds of Indiana / by Amos W. Butler. S.l.: s.n., 1891? url p. 98, p. 98.
- A catalogue of the birds of Kansas. By N. S. Goss. Published under the direction of the Executive council. Topeka: Kansas Publishing house, 1883. url p. 7.
- A catalogue of the birds of the Virginias / by Wm. C. Rives. Newport, R.I.: Printed for the Society by T.T. Pitman, 1890. url p. 88.
- A catalogue of the collection of birds formed by the late Hugh Edwin Strickland. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1882. url p. 77.
- A check list of North American birds. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1882. url p. 31.
- A check list of North-American birds by Elliott Coues. Salem, Mass.: F.W. Putnam, 1879. url .
- A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 15.
- A dictionary of birds, by Alfred Newton, assisted by Hans Gadow, with contributions from Richard Lydekker. .. Charles S. Roy. .. and Robert W. Shufeldt. .. London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. url p. 582, p. 582.
- A geographical and comparative list of the birds of Europe and North America / by Charles Lucian Bonaparte. London: J. Van Voorst, 1838. url p. 11.
- A guide to the birds of New England and eastern New York; containing a key for each season and short descriptions of over 250 species, with particular reference to their appearance in the field, by Ralph Huffmann...with four full page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes and nearly 100 cuts in the text. BostonHoughton, Mifflin and company1904 url p. 357, p. 94.
- A history of North American birds / by S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway. 1 1905 Boston: Little, Brown, 1905. url figure , figure , p. 142, p. 144, p. 503.
- A history of North American birds Boston, Little, Brown and Co., 1874. url p. 141.
- A history of North American birds land birds / by S. F. Baird, T.M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway. Boston: Little, Brown, 1874. url , p. 141, p. 142, p. 144, p. 144.
- A history of North American birds, by S.F. Baird, T.M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway. Land birds, illustrated by 64 chromo-lithographic plates and 593 woodcuts. Boston, Little, Brown, 1875. url , p. 142.
- A list of the birds of Florida / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: For sale by B. Whidden, 1896. url .
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- A list of the birds of Maryland / F.C. Kirkwood. Baltimore, Md., 1895. url p. 364.
- A list of the birds of Maryland, giving dates of the arrival, departure and nesting periods of our regular birds; also including stragglers and such others as no doubt occur but are not recorded. By F.C. Kirkwood. .. Baltimore: [Maryland Academy of Sciences], 1895. url p. 364, p. 364.
- A list of the birds of Maryland: giving dates of the arrival, departure and nesting periods of our regular birds, also including stragglers and such others as no doubt occur but are not recorded / Baltimore: Deutsch Lithographing & Print. Co.; 1895. url .
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- A manual of North American birds by Robert Ridgway. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1887. url .
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- A manual of North American birds. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1900. url , p. 609.
- A manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States: including the district north and east of the Ozark mountains, south of the Laurentian hills, north of the southern boundary of Virginia, and east of the Missouri river, inclusive of marine species / Chicago:A. C. McClurg, 1916. url .
- A popular handbook of the birds of the United States and Canada / Boston: Little, Brown, 1921. url .
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- A preliminary catalog of the birds of Missouri / St. Louis: Academy of Science of St. Louis, 1907. url , .
- A preliminary list of the birds found in Vermont / by George H. Perkins; assisted by Clifton D. Howe. Albany: Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford Co., 1901. url , p. 116.
- A preliminary list of the birds of Wayne County, Ohio. Columbus, Westbote Co., State Printers, 1896. url p. 249, p. 251, p. 331.
- A preliminary review of the birds of Nebraska, with synopses, Omaha, 1904 url , .
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- A survey of natural areas in Tyrrell County, North Carolina: for The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Coastal Natural Area Inventory Project / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url p. 13.
- Abstract of proceedings of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia]Delaware Valley Ornithological Club. url p. 23, p. 28.
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Notes
Contributors
- BirdLife International 2009. Thryothorus ludovicianus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 05February2012.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:
- Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
- Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
- Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
- Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
- Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
- New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5205
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-178582
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14255225
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 178581
- IUCN ID: 246329
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBG06130
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 230
Footnotes
- Mean = 1,212.460 meters (3,977.887 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,313.910 based on 2,076 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
