Theragra chalcogramma

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

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Description

Family Gadidae

Marine : Arctic , Atlantic, and Pacific. Three dorsal fins and two anal fins, the first dorsal behind head . No spines. Pelvics before pectorals . Teeth present on vomer. Usually with barbel . No otophysic connection between swim bladder and auditory capsules. Egg without oil globule . Up to about 2 m maximum length in Gadus morhua. Members of the family are found in circumpolar and temperate waters , mainly of the northern hemisphere. Most species are demersal or benthopelagic, feeding on fish and invertebrates . Schooling and long-distance migrations are known for several gadid species. The family is second only to the Clupeidae in terms of the global volume of marine fish landings. Following Eschmeyer (Ref. 1830) Lotidae and Phycidae are not included .The family Gadidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes ) and the Order Gadiformes. It contains 12 genera and 22 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is subcarangiform. Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Oligocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 78° n to 38° s and 180° w to 180° e. Etymology of this family name : Latin, gadus = a kind of fish

Habitat

Generally demersal but sometimes near the surface (Ref. 1371). Performs diurnal vertical migrations (Ref. 1371).

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,324 meters (0 to 4,344 feet).Mean = -236.200 meters (-774.934 feet), Standard Deviation = 628.100 based on 14,310 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Biome: Brackish water, saltwater . Benthopelagic.

Biology

Diet

Feeds on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6885), mainly on krill (Ref. 39882).

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814
2. Gadus minor Döderlein, 1887
3. Gadus periscopus Cope, 1873
4. Pollachius chalcogrammus (Pallas, 1814)
5. Pollachius chalcogrammus subsp. fucensis Jordan & Gilbert, 1893
6. Theracra chalcogramma (Pallas, 1814)
7. Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas, 1814)
8. Theragra chalcogramma Pallas
9. Theragra chalcogrammus (Pallas, 1814)
10. Theragra chalcogrammus subsp. chalcogrammus (Pallas, 1814)
11. Theragra fucensis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1893)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Family : Cods and haddocks .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Theragra

There are approximately 9 species in this genus:

T. chakogramma · T. chalcagramma · T. chalcograma · T. chalcogramma (Alaska Pollack) · T. chalcogramma chalcogramma · T. chalcogrammus chalcogrammus · T. chaleogramma · T. choleogramma · T. finnmarchica (Norwegian Pollock)

Bibliography

• Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba (1990). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO
• Cohen, Daniel M., Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto, and Nadia Scialabba 1990. Gadiform Fishes of the World (Order Gadiformes): An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, no. 125, vol. 10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. x + 442. ISBN: 92-5-102890-7.
• FAO (2000). Fishery statistics: Capture production. FAO Fish. Ser. No. 54. FAO Statistics Series No. 152. 713 p.
• Hart, J.L. (1973). Pacific fishes of Canada. Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 180:1-740.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.

More Info

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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 07, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Fish Collection
• University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History, Fish specimens
• University of Washington Burke Museum, University of Washington Fish Collection

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2502958
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-22964
• Fishbase Species ID: 318
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13551869
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 164722
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCMA14010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 126500

Footnotes

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