Sterna maxima

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Biome: Marine .

Ecology: Behaviour This species undergoes post-breeding dispersive movements northwards before migrating southwards for the winter1. It breeds between April and June2 in dense colonies of 100-4,000 pairs often near colonies of Laughing Gull Larus atricilla and Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis1. The species may also nest singly amidst colonies of other tern species1. It usually feeds singly or in small flocks and roosts gregariously even outside of the breeding season1. Habitat Breeding For breeding the species shows a preference for inaccessible sites including barren sandy beaches, islands in saltmarsh, dredge spoil and coral islands surrounded by shallow water and with a high degree of visibility , no mammalian predators and little vegetation1. It also forages along estuaries, in lagoons and in mangroves during this season , mostly within 100 m of the shore but up to 40 km from the breeding colony1. Non-breeding Outside of the breeding season the species forages within 100 m of the land along sheltered coasts in estuaries, harbours and river mouths , sometimes also foraging a short distance inland along broad rivers1. Diet Its diet consists predominantly of small fish 3-18 cm long as well as squid, shrimps and crabs1. Breeding site The nest is a simple scrape1 in sand3 in inaccessible sites surrounded by shallow water near the mouths of bays with a high degree of visibility, no mammalian predators and little vegetation1. Management information The preferred breeding sites of this species are often vulnerable to flooding1.[1].

List of Habitats :

• 9 Marine Neritic
• 9.1 Marine Neritic - Pelagic
• 9.2 Marine Neritic - Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs
• 9.3 Marine Neritic - Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel
• 9.4 Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy
• 9.5 Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy-Mud
• 9.7 Marine Neritic - Macroalgal/Kelp
• 9.9 Marine Neritic - Seagrass (Submerged)
• 9.10 Marine Neritic - Estuaries
• 12 Marine Intertidal
• 12.2 Marine Intertidal - Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars , Spits , Etc
• 12.5 Marine Intertidal - Salt Marshes (Emergent Grasses)
• 13 Marine Coastal/Supratidal
• 13.4 Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes

Biology

Diet

Almost entirely fish, with some aquatic invertebrates .

Reproduction

Clutch Size: 1-2 Length of Incubation : 30-31 days Days to Fledge : 28-35 Number of Broods: 1

Migration

Migratory

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Thalasseus maxima (Boddaert

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 18-Jan-2005

Similar Species

Elegant Tern, Caspian Tern

Members of the genus Sterna

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 63 species and subspecies in this genus:

S. acuticauda (Black-Bellied Tern) · S. albifrons (Little Striker) · S. albifrons albifrons (Little Tern) · S. albifrons athalassos (Little Tern) · S. albistriata (Black-Fronted Tern) · S. albostriata (Saunder's Little Tern) · S. aleutica (Aleutian Tern) · S. anaetheta (Bridled Tern) · S. anaethetus (Brown-Winged Tern) · S. anaethetus anaethetus (Brown-Winged Tern) · S. anaethetus recognita (Bridled Tern) · S. antillarum (American Least Tern) · S. antillarum albifrons (Little Tern) · S. antillarum antillarum (Least Tern) · S. antillarum athalassos (Interior Least Tern) · S. antillarum browni (California Least Tern) · S. aurantia (Indian River Tern) · S. balaenarum (Damara Tern) · S. bengalensis (Lesser Crester Tern) · S. bengalensis bengalensis (Lesser Crester Tern) · S. bergii (Greater Crested Tern) · S. bergii bergii (Greater Crested Tern) · S. bernsteini (Chinese Crested-Tern) · S. caspia (Caspian Tern) · S. caspia caspia (Caspian Tern) · S. dougallii (Roseate) · S. dougallii dougallii (Roseate Tern) · (Elegant Tern) · S. eurygnatha (Cayenne Tern) · S. forsteri (ForsterÌs Tern) · S. fuscata (Wide-Awake) · S. fuscata crissalis (Sooty Tern) · S. fuscata fuscata (Sooty Tern) · S. hirundinacea (South American Tern) · S. hirundo (Lake Erie Gull) · S. hirundo hirundo (Common Tern) · S. lorata (Peruvian Tern) · S. lunata (Grey-Backed Tern) · S. maxima (Royal Tern) · S. maxima maxima (Royal Tern) · S. melanogaster (Black-Bellied Tern) · S. nereis (Fairy Tern) · S. nereis nereis (Fairy Tern) · S. nilotica (Bulled-Billed Tern) · S. nilotica groenvoldi (Gull-Billed Tern) · S. nilotica nilotica (Gull-Billed Tern) · S. nilotica vanrossemi (Gull-Billed Tern) · S. paradisaea (Crimson-Billed Tern) · S. repressa (White-Cheeked Tern) · S. sandvicensis (Caribbean Tern) · S. sandvicensis eurygnatha (Sandwich Tern) · S. sandvicensis sandvicensis (Caribbean Tern) · S. saundersi (Saunders' Little Tern) · S. striata (White-Fronted Tern) · S. striata striata (White-Fronted Tern) · S. sumatrana (Black-Naped Tern) · S. sumatrana sumatrana (Black-Naped Tern) · S. superciliaris (Yellow-Billed Tern) · S. trudeaui (Snowy-Crowned Tern) · S. virgata (Kerguelen Tern) · S. vittata (Antarctic Tern) · S. vittata vittata (Antarctic Tern) · S. zimmermanni (Chinese Crested-Tern)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A Directory of Neotropical Wetlands. IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 283, p. 284, p. 346, p. 381, p. 411, p. 531.
• A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity / By Francis B. Sumner, Raymond C. Osburn, and Leon J. Cole. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1913 url p. 777, p. 857.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds with notes on the distribution of the species / by Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B.: J. McMillan, 1887. url p. 12.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds, By Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B., J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url p. 12, p. 12.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds: with notes on the distribution of the species / Saint John, N.B.: J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url .
• A catalogue of the birds of Indiana / by Amos W. Butler. S.l.: s.n., 1891? url p. 108, p. 108.
• A catalogue of the birds of the Virginias / by Wm. C. Rives. Newport, R.I.: Printed for the Society by T.T. Pitman, 1890. url p. 42.
• A catalogue of the collection of birds formed by the late Hugh Edwin Strickland. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1882. url p. 624.
• A check list of North American birds. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1882. url p. 123.
• A flying trip to the tropics. A record of an ornithological visit to the United States of Colombia, South America and to the island of Curaçao, West Indies, in the year 1892, Cambridge [Mass.]Riverside press, 1895. url p. 166.
• A history of British birds, with coloured illustrations of their eggs. By Henry Seebohm. .. London, Pub. for the author by R.H. Porter [etc.]1883-85. url p. 269.
• A history of the birds of Europe: including all the species inhabiting the western palaearctic region / London: Published by the Author, 1871-1881. url , , .
• A list of European birds, including all those found in the western palaearctic area, with a supplement containing species said to have occurred, but which, for various reasons, are inadmissible. London, R.H. Porter, 1898. url p. 56.
• A list of the birds of Florida / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: For sale by B. Whidden, 1896. url p. 2.
• A list of the birds of Maryland / F.C. Kirkwood. Baltimore, Md., 1895. url p. 252.
• A list of the birds of Maryland, giving dates of the arrival, departure and nesting periods of our regular birds; also including stragglers and such others as no doubt occur but are not recorded. By F.C. Kirkwood. .. Baltimore: [Maryland Academy of Sciences], 1895. url p. 252, p. 252.
• A list of the birds of Maryland: giving dates of the arrival, departure and nesting periods of our regular birds, also including stragglers and such others as no doubt occur but are not recorded / Baltimore: Deutsch Lithographing & Print. Co.; 1895. url .
• A list of the birds of eastern North America / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: For sale by B. Whidden, 1896. url p. 5.
• A manual of palæarctic birds, by H. E. Dresser. London, The author, 1902-03. url p. 814.
• A manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States: including the district north and east of the Ozark mountains, south of the Laurentian hills, north of the southern boundary of Virginia, and east of the Missouri river, inclusive of marine species / Chicago:A. C. McClurg, 1916. url .
• A naturalist in the Bahamas, John I. Northrop, October 12, 1861-June 25, 1891; a memorial volume / edited with a biographical introd. New YorkColumbia University Press1910 url p. 64.
• A naturalist in the Bahamas: John I. Northrop, October 12 1861 - June 25, 1891; a memorial volume, ed., with a biographical introduction by Henry Fairfield Osborn. New York, The Columbia university press[c1910] url p. 64.
• A naturalist in the Bahamas: New York, Columbia University Press[c1910] url .
• A pocket list of the birds of eastern Massachusetts, with especial reference to Essex County, by Albert P. Morse. .. Salem, Mass., Peabody academy of science, 1912. url p. 14.
• A popular handbook of the birds of the United States and Canada / Boston: Little, Brown, 1921. url .
• A popular handbook of the ornithology of the United States and Canada: based on Nuttall's Manual / by Montague Chamberlain. Boston: Little, B., & Co., 1903. url p. 217.
• A preliminary review of the birds of Nebraska, with synopses, Omaha, 1904 url .
• A study of the structure of feathers, with reference to their taxonomic significance, by Asa C. Chandler. Berkeley, University of California press, 1916. url p. 357, p. 428.
• A survey of natural areas in Brunswick County, North Carolina: for The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Coastal Natural Area Inventory Project / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url .
• A survey of natural areas in Tyrrell County, North Carolina: for The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Coastal Natural Area Inventory Project / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url p. 12.
• A systematic list of the birds of California / by Joseph Grinnell. Hollywood: Cooper Ornithological Club, 1912. url p. 12.
• Abstract of proceedings of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia]Delaware Valley Ornithological Club. url p. 11.
• Abstract of the proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New York City, for the official year. . [New York]: The Society, [1889-1932] url p. 113, p. 22.
• American insects / by Vernon L. Kellogg. New York: Holt, 1904. url p. 114.
• American insects, by Vernon L. Kellogg. .. with many original illustrations by Mary Wellman. New York, H. Holt and Company, 1908. url p. 114.
• American insects, ill. by Mary Wellman. New York, Holt, 1914. url p. 114.
• Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- url p. 158, p. 209, p. 447.
• Annotated list of the Avery bird collection in the Alabama museum of natural history (Geological survey museum) University, Ala., 1921. url .
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 135, p. 139.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 187, p. 191, p. 191, p. 561, p. 80.
• Annual report of the Ohio State Academy of Science. Columbus: The Academy, 1893-1930. url p. 225.
• Annual report of the Regents / Albany: J.B. Lyon, State Printer, 1890-1903. url p. 211.
• Annual report of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture of the State of Michigan. .. Lansing: The Board, 1862- url p. 222.
• Annual report of the Trustees of the State Museum of Natural History for the year. .. Albany, N.Y.: The Trustees, 1886-1889. url p. 23, p. 25.
• Argentine ornithology. A descriptive catalogue of the birds of the Argentine Republic. By P. L. Sclater. .. With notes on their habits by W. H. Hudson. .. London: R. H. Porter, 1888-89. url p. 195, p. xiv.
• Austral avian record; a scientific journal devoted primarily to the study of the Australian avifauna. London: Witherby. url p. 37.
• Beached marine birds and mammals of the North American West Coast: a manual for their census and identification / by David G. Ainley. .. [et al.] Pt. Reyes Bird Observatory; with drawings by Helen C. Strong; performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team, Office of Biological Services, Fish and Wildlife Service [Washington, D.C.]: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., [1980] url p. 204.
• Biologia centrali-americana: Aves / [London: R.H. Porter], 1879-1904. url .
• Bird guide...east of the Rockies, by Chester A. Reed. New York, Doubleday, Page & Co., 1910. url p. 48.
• Bird guide: water birds, game birds and birds of prey / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1916, c1910. url p. 48.
• Birds / by A.H. Evans. London: Macmillan, 1899 (1909 printing). url p. 629.
• Birds of America; editor-in-chief, T. Gilbert Pearson; consulting editor, John Burroughs; artists, R.I. Brasher, R. Bruce Horsfall [and] Henry Thurston. 1 1923 New York, The University Society, 1923. url p. 57.
• Birds of California; an introduction to more than three hundred common birds of the state and adjacent islands, with a supplementary list of rare migrants, accidental visitants, and hypothetical subspecies, Chicago, A.C. McClurg, 1916. url .
• Birds of Labrador / Boston: Boston Society of Natural History, 1907. url .
• Birds of Labrador / by Charles W. Townsend and Glover M. Allen. Boston: Printed for the Society, 1907. url p. 317.
• Birds of Massachusetts [by] J.A. Allen. [n.p.]1864-1886. url p. 154.
• Birds of Massachusetts and other New England states / [Norwood, Ma.: Printed by Berwick and Smith Company], 1925-1929 url , p. 99.
• Birds of Michigan. By A. J. Cook. Lansing, Mich., R. Smith & co., state printers and binders, 1893 url p. 29.
• Birds of Michigan. Lansing, Mich., R. Smith & Co., State Printers and Binders, 1893 url .
• Birds of Michigan. illustrated by A. J. Cook. Lansing, Mich., R. Smith & co., state printers and binders, 1893 url p. 29.
• Birds of New York / by Elon Howard Eaton. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1910-1914. url p. 139.
• Birds of New York, by Elon Howard Eaton. .. Albany, University of the State of New York, 1910-14. url p. 139.
• Birds of North Carolina, by T. Gilbert Pearson, C. S. Brimley and H. H. Brimley. Raleigh, Edwards & Broughton printing co., state printers, 1919. url p. 32, p. xvii.
• Birds of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C., [The Daggett Printing Co.]1910. url , .
• Birds of South Carolina, by Arthur Trezevant Wayne. With an introduction by the editor. Charleston, S.C., [The Daggett Printing Co.]1910. url p. 235, p. 5.
• Birds of eastern North America, Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page & Company, 1912. url .
• Birds of the New York city region, by Ludlow Griscom, assistant curator of ornithology, with the cooperation of the Linnæan society of New York. .. New York, The Museum, 1923. url p. 77.
• Birds of the Northwest: a hand-book of the ornithology of the region drained by the Missouri River and its tributaries / by Elliott Coues. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1874. url p. 669, p. 670.
• Birds of the world for young people, New York, F.A. Stokes Company[1909] url .
• Birds of western New York. Rochester, N.Y., The Society, 1901. url p. 59.
• Birds of western and northwestern Mexico. Boston, Published by the Society, 1874. url .
• Birds that hunt and are hunted: life histories of one hundred and seventy birds of prey, game birds and water-fowls, by Neltje Blanchan [pseud.] with introduction by G. O. Shields (Coquina) with many photographic illustrations in color and in black and white. New York: Doubleday, Page & company, 1908, [1904] url p. 47, p. 47.
• Birds that hunt and are hunted; life histories of one hundred and seventy birds of prey, game birds and water-fowls, Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page, 1912 [c1904] url .
• Birds; a miscellaneous collection of 37 pamphlets about birds. Collected and privately bound by Alvin Seale, 1914. v.p., 1910-1913 url p. 22, p. 3, p. 64, p. 65.
• Bulletin - New York State Museum. Albany: New York State Education Dept. url p. 211.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 114, p. 139, p. 179, p. 211, p. 474, p. 60, p. 66, p. 82, p. 84, p. 86, p. 90, p. 92, p. 98.
• Bulletin / Peabody Museum of Natural History. 1955 New Haven: Peabody Museum of Natural History, url p. 110.
• Bulletin from the laboratories of natural history of the State University of Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa: The University, 1888-[1918]. url p. 203.
• Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. New YorkAmerican Museum of Natural History1881- url p. 276, p. 319, p. 84.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 46 1905 Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url p. 147, p. 147, p. 23, p. 23, p. 24, p. 24, p. 362, p. 362, p. 403, p. 403.
• Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, [1876-1883] url p. 14, p. 142, p. 227.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url p. 48.
• Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories / Department of the Interior. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1874- url p. 1012, p. 1017.
• Camps in the Caribbees: the adventures of a naturalist in the Lesser Antilles / By Frederick A. Ober. Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1899, c1879. url p. 350.
• Camps in the Caribbees; the adventures of a naturalist in the Lesser Antilles. Boston, Lothrop, Lee & Shepard, [c1907] url p. 350.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 197.
• Catalogue of Canadian birds / by John Macoun and James M. Macoun. Ottawa: Canada Dept. of Mines, Geological Survey Branch, 1909. url p. 51.
• Catalogue of Canadian birds, Ottawa, Government Printing Bureau, 1909. url .
• Catalogue of Canadian birds. .. Ottawa, Printed by S. E. Dawson, 1900-04. url .
• Catalogue of West Indian birds, containing a list of all species known to occur in the Bahama Islands, the Greater Antilles, the Caymans, and the Lesser Antilles, excepting the islands of Tobago and Trinidad, by Charles B. Cory. .. Boston, The author, 1892. url p. 135.
• Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. Charles E. Hellmayr, Boardman Conover. 13 1948 Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1948. url p. 323.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 80, p. 84, p. 96.
• Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum / By E. W. Oates [and afterwards] by S. G. Reid [and] W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. London, 1901-12. url p. 187.
• Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British museum (Natural history). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1901-12. url p. 187.
• Catalogue of the specimens illustrating the osteology of vertebrated animals, recent and extinct, contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. London, 1891. url p. 338.
• Catalogue of vertebrates found in New Jersey. [(A revision of Dr. Abbott's catalogue of 1868) prepared by Julius Nelson]. Trenton, N. J., John L. Murphy, 1890. url .
• Check list of New York birds, Albany, University of the State of New York, 1900. url .
• Check list of New York birds, by Marcus S. Farr. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1900. url p. 211.
• Check-list of North American birds / prepared by a committee of the American ornithologists' union. Lancaster, Pa.: The Union, 1931. url p. 141, p. 385.
• Check-list of North American birds, New York, American ornithologists' union, 1910. url .
• Check-list of North American birds. [Ithaca, N.Y.]1957. url p. 240.
• Check-list of North American birds: the species of birds of North America from the Arctic through Panama, including the West Indies and Hawaiian Islands / prepared by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Orni Lawrence, Kan.: American Ornithologists' Union, 1983. url p. 228, p. 229.
• Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-1987. url p. 342.
• Coastal waterbird colonies, Maine to Virginia, 1977: an atlas showing colony locations and species composition / by R. Michael Erwin and Carl E. Korschgen; project officer, Ralph Andrews; performed for Coastal Ecosystems Project, Office of Biological Services, Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the In Washington, D.C.: The Service, 1979. url p. 3.
• Coastal waterbird colonies: Cape Elizabeth, Maine to Virginia / by R. Michael Erwin; performed for Coastal Ecosystems Project, Office of Biological Services, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Washington, D.C.: Fish and Wildlife Service, 1979. url p. 118, p. 143.
• Color key to North American birds, with bibliographical appendix, by Frank M. Chapman. .. with upwards of 800 drawings, by Chester A. Reed, B.S. New York, D. Appleton & Company, 1912. url p. 57, p. 57.
• Contributions to biology from the Hopkins Seaside Laboratory of the Leland Stanford Jr. University. Stanford University, Calif.: The University, 1895-1904. url p. 101, p. 51, p. 56, p. 99.
• Coral Reefs of the World. url p. 184, p. 24, p. 25, p. 79.
• Directory of Wetlands of International Importance. IUCN url p. 425, p. 779.
• Eggs of North American birds by Chas. J. Maynard. Boston: De Wolfe, Fiske, 1890. url .
• Eggs of North American birds; by Chas. J. Maynard. Illustrated with ten hand-colored plates. Boston, De Wolfe, Fiske & co., 1890. url p. 10.
• Elementary zoology / by Vernon L. Kellogg. New York: H. Holt and company, 1902. url p. 194, p. 482.
• Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. url p. 355.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. url p. 163, p. 2, p. 35, p. 42, p. 73.
• Fauna of New England, 11: list of the aves / by Glover M. Allen. Boston: Society of Natural History, 1909. url p. 17.
• Fauna of New England. List of the Araneida. Boston, For Society, 1908. url .
• Fauna of New England. by Glover M. Allen. Boston: Society of Natural History, 1909. url p. 17.
• Field book of birds of the Panama Canal Zone; a description on the habits, call notes and songs of the birds of the Panama Canal Zone, for the purpose of identifying them. Many of these birds are also common in Central and South America. By Bertha Bement Sturgis; with over 100 illustrations, colour plates, pen-and-ink sketches, and a map of the Panama Canal Zone. London, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1928. url , .
• Field book of birds of the southwestern United States, by sqther E. Wyman. .. and Elizabeth F. Burnell. .. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1925. url p. 22.
• Final report of the state geologist. Trenton, N.J.: The Survey, 1888- url p. 628.
• Final report. v. 1-8. Trenton, 1888-1917. url p. 628.
• Game birds and birds of prey life histories of one hundred and seventy birds of prey, game birds and waterfowls / by Neltje Blanchan; with introduction by G.O. Shields (Coquina). Toronto: G. Morang, 1898. url p. 47.
• Game birds and birds of prey, life histories of one hundredand seventy birds of prey, game birds and water fowls; with introduction by G.O. Shields (Coquina) Toronto, Morang, 1898. url .
• Game birds. Life histories of one hundred and seventy birds of prey, game birds and water-fowls Garden City, N.Y.Doubleday, Page, 1922, c1917. url .
• Game birds; life histories of one hundred and seventy birds of prey, game birds and water-fowls, by Neltje Blanchan [pseud.] Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1922. url p. 47.
• Genera insectorum / publiés par P. Wytsman. Bruxelles, L. Desmet-Verteneuil [etc.]1902-1970. url p. 17, p. 25, p. 28.
• Guide to taxidermy, by Chas. K. Reed and Chester A. Reed. Illustrated by drawings and photographs of mounted specimens by the authors and Mr. N. F. Stone. Worcester, Mass., C.K. Reed, 1914. url p. 238.
• Handbook of birds of eastern North America; with introductory chapters on the study of birds in nature, London, D. Appleton and Company, 1912. url .
• Handbook of birds of the western United States: including the Great Plains, Great Basin, Pacific Slope, and lower Rio Grande Valley / by Florence Merriam Bailey. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1915, c1902. url p. 28, p. 29, p. 494.
• Hunting and fishing in Florida, including a key to the water birds known to occur in the state / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1896. url p. 145, p. 195.
• Hunting and fishing in Florida: including a key to the water birds known to occur in the State / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: Estes & Lauriat, 1896 [c1895] url p. 145, p. 195.
• Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url , p. 220, p. 228, p. 258, p. 280, p. 301, p. 309, p. 313, p. 319, p. 326, p. 337, p. 472, p. 552, p. 571, p. 573, p. 74.
• Illustrated bird dictionary and note book: Water birds, game birds and birds of prey / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City (N.Y.): Doubleday, Page & Co., 1912. url p. 20.
• In Audubon's Labrador, Boston andHoughton Mifflin Company[c1918] url , p. 353.
• Insects affecting domestic animals an account of the species of importance in North America, with mention of related forms occurring on other animals / prepared under the direction of the entomologist, by Herbert Osborn. Washington: G.P.O., 1896. url .
• Insects of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. New York, The Academy. url p. 383.
• Jobos Bay National Estuarine Sanctuary Management Plan. San Juan, P.R.: Dept. of Natural Resources, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, [1983] url p. 74.
• Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society. Chapel Hill, N.C. [etc.]Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society [etc.] url p. 53.
• Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California By Elliot Coues. Boston, D. Estes and Company, 1903. url p. 1007.
• Key to the water birds of Florida. Boston, Barta Press1896. url p. 13, p. 63.
• Louisiana herpetology, with a checklist of the batrachians and reptiles of the state and the avifauna of Louisiana, with an annotated list of the birds of the state / by George E. Beyer. New Orleans: [s.n.]1900. url p. 12.
• Manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern U.S.. .. inclusive of the marine species. Chicago, McClurg, 1894, c1876-88. url .
• Memo?rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro. url p. 162, p. 166.
• Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. 13 1884 Cambridge [Mass.]: The Museum, 1876-1940. url p. 275, p. 275, p. 283, p. 283, p. 284, p. 284, p. 287, p. 287.
• Memoirs of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1886- url p. 102, p. 41.
• Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 13 1984 San Diego, Calif.: The Society, 1931-1989. url p. 242.
• Michigan bird life, a list of all the bird species known to occur in the state together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, wtih special reference to its relation t [Lansing]Michigan Agricultural College, 1912. url .
• Michigan bird life: a list of all the bird species known to occur in the State together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation t by Walter Bradford Barrows. Lansing: Michigan Agricultural College, 1912. url p. 59.
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 135, p. 48.
• Museum paper / Alabama Museum of Natural History. University, Ala.: Alabama Museum of Natural History, 1910-1960. url p. 21.
• Museum paper. University, Ala. [etc.]1910- url p. 21.
• Names and portraits of birds which interest gunners, with descriptions in languages understanded of the people; New York, Harper, [1888] url .
• Natural history of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Washington, Govt. Print Off., 1899. url p. 24.
• Natural history. New York: American Museum of Natural History. url p. 136.
• Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1926. url p. 755, p. 755.
• Nests and eggs of North American birds: with a chapter on ornithological and oölogical collecting (the preparation of skins, nests and eggs for the cabinet). Toronto: Musson[1900] url p. 39.
• New England bird life: being a manual of New England ornithology; rev. and ed. from the manuscript of Winfrid A. Stearns. .. by Dr. Elliott Coues. .. Boston, C.T. Dillingham, 1881-83. url p. 357, p. 357, p. 357.
• New England bird life; being a manual of New England ornithology: rev.and ed. from the manuscript of Winfrid A. Stearns / Boston, C. T. Dillingham, 1883-, c1881. url .
• New Mallophaga, 3. Comprising: Mallophaga from birds of Panama, Baja California and Alaska. San FranciscoCalifornia Academy of Sciences1899 url p. 139, p. 56.
• New York State Museum bulletin. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1916-1944. url p. 54.
• North American birds eggs, New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1904. url .
• North American birds eggs. New York: Dover Pub, [1965]. url p. 38.
• North American fauna. Washington: Fish and Wildlife Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 14, p. 24, p. 392.
• Occasional papers of Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press, 1898-1984. url p. 141, p. 141, p. 56, p. 56.
• Occasional papers of the Boston Society of Natural History. Boston, Boston Society of Natural History, 1869-1941. url p. 17.
• Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, url p. 139, p. 229, p. 56.
• Occasional papers. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press. url p. 141, p. 56.
• Ocean birds. By J. F. Green. With a preface by A. G. Guillemard. And a treatise on skinning birds, by F. H. H. Guillemard, M. D. The illustrations by Frances E. Green. London, R. H. Porter, 1887. url p. 63.
• Oceanic birds of South America: a study of species of the related coasts and seas, including the American quadrant of Antarctica, based upon the Brewster-Sanford collection in the American Museum of Natural History / by Robert Cushman Murphy; illustrated from paintings by Francis L. Jaques; photographs, maps, and other drawings. New York: Macmillan Co.: c1936. url p. 1138.
• On a collection of birds made by Messrs. J. E. Benedict and W. Nye of the United States Fish commission steamer "Albatross." By Robert Ridgway. url p. 173.
• On the birds of the islands of Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire / by Ernst Hartert. London?: s.n., 1893 url p. 309, p. 326, p. 337.
• Ornithological bibliography. [Washington: Geological Survey [etc.], 1878-1880. url p. 1012.
• Ornithological gazetteer of Argentina / Raymond A. Paynter. 1995 Cambridge, Mass.: Obtainable from Bird Dept., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1995. url p. 941.
• Ornithological gazetteer of Uruguay / Raymond A. Paynter, Jr. Cambridge, Mass.: Obtainable from Bird Dept., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1994. url p. 104.
• Ornithologist and oo?logist Pawtucket, R.I. url p. 54.
• Ornithology of North Carolina: A list of the birds of North Carolina, with notes of each species / [by John Washington Pearce Smithwick]. [Raleigh], 1897. url p. 201.
• Our birds in their haunts: a popular treatise on the birds of eastern North America / New York: Orange Judd, 1892, c1884. url .
• Pacific coast avifauna / Cooper Ornithnological Club of California. Santa Clara, Calif.: The Club, 1900-1974. url p. 110, p. 110, p. 12, p. 13, p. 13, p. 15, p. 15, p. 24, p. 29, p. 29, p. 82.
• Papers from the Tortugas Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1908-42. url p. 197.
• Pesticides monitoring journal. [Washington, D.C.: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1967-1981. url p. 59.
• Proceedings - California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 445, p. 453, p. 63.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url , p. 152, p. 19, p. 19, p. 266, p. 355, p. 355, p. 606.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 114.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 445, p. 453, p. 63.
• Proceedings of the International Ornithological Congress. [Canberra, etc.]Australian Academy of Science [etc.] url p. 186.
• Proceedings of the Rochester Academy of Science. Rochester, N.Y.: The Academy.1889- url .
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url , p. 114, p. 172, p. 173, p. 179, p. 195, p. 198, p. 242, p. 251, p. 277, p. 30, p. 44, p. 462, p. 488, p. 516, p. 53, p. 632, p. 644, p. 657, p. 668, p. 82.
• Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, Washington Academy of Sciences. url p. 468.
• Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London: Academic Press, [etc.], 1833-1965. url p. 1104, p. 462, p. 462, p. 510, p. 510, p. 521, p. 521, p. 567, p. 568, p. 654, p. 655, p. 656, p. 657, p. 701, p. 701, p. 749.
• Publication. Field Museum of Natural History. Chicago, U.S.A.: The Museum, 1910-1943. url , p. 300, p. 49.
• Report of the Commissioner for. .. / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Washington: G.P.O., 1874-1905. url p. 116, p. 116, p. 91, p. 91.
• Report of the Geological Survey of Ohio. Columbus, Nevins & Myers, state printers, 1873-93. url .
• Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. .. [Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution], 1848-1932. url p. 80.
• Report on bird migration in the Mississippi valley in the years 1884 and 1885 / Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1888. url .
• Report on the birds of Pennsylvania: with special reference to the food habits, based on over four thousand stomach examinations / by B.H. Warren. Harrisburg: E.K. Meyers, State Printer, 1890. url .
• Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896-1899. J. B. Hatcher in charge. Edited by William B. Scott. Princeton, The University, 1901-32 [v. 1, 1903] url p. 185, p. 185, p. 186, p. 186.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 121 1955 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 13, p. 172, p. 277, p. 278, p. 33, p. 35, p. 36, p. 458, p. 488, p. 516.
• Special papers / Ohio Academy of Sciences. Columbus, Ohio: The Academy, 1899-1929. url p. 225.
• Special scientific report--wildlife / U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service, 1949- url p. 3.
• Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary final environmental impact statement/management plan / Sanctuaries and Reserves Division. Washington, D.C.: The Division, [1993] url p. 32.
• Supplement to the birds of Essex County, Massachusetts / Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1920. url .
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 17.
• Temporal and social aspects of the foraging ecology of a piscivore, the osprey (Pandion haliaetus) / by Thomas C. Edwards, Jr. 1987. url p. 44.
• The American Museum journal. New York: American Museum of Natural History, c1900-[1918] url p. 136.
• The American oologists' exchange price list of North American birds' eggs, 1922 / compiled by a committee of twenty-five prominent American oologists. Lacon, Ill.: R. Magoon Barnes, 1922. url p. 43.
• The Auk. Washington, D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union, etc., 1884- url p. 117, p. 120, p. 125, p. 137, p. 147, p. 155, p. 170, p. 171, p. 191, p. 21, p. 211, p. 213, p. 222, p. 225, p. 239, p. 278, p. 295, p. 296, p. 306, p. 312, p. 313, p. 315, p. 329, p. 332, p. 338, p. 351, p. 353, p. 362, p. 374, p. 374, p. 377, p. 377, p. 388, p. 395, p. 395, p. 396, p. 411, p. 418, p. 55, p. 55, p. 567, p. 58, p. 76, p. 79, p. 80, p. 85, p. 88, p. 89.
• The Bahama Islands / edited by George Burbank Shattuck. [Baltimore]: Johns Hopkins Press; 1905. url p. 360, p. 360.
• The Bahama Islands, London, The Macmillan company, 1905. url p. 360, p. 360.
• The Bermuda islands: an account of their scenery, climate, productions, physiography, natural history and geology, with sketches of their discovery and early history, and the changes in their flora and fauna due to man; with 38 plates and over 250 cuts in the text / by Addison E. Verrill. New Haven, Conn.: The author, 1902. url p. 256.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, url p. 200.
• The Cambridge natural history / edited by S. F. Harmer and A. E. Shipley. London: Macmillan and Co.; 1895-1909. url p. 629.
• The Cambridge natural history, ed. by S.F. Harmer. .. and A.E. Shipley. .. London, Macmillan and co., limited;1895-1909 url p. 629, p. 629.
• The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa IUCN url p. 179.
• The Coues check list of North American birds [Elliott Coues]. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1882. url .
• The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. London: Academic Press [etc.], 1865-1968. url p. 401.
• The Loon. White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.: T. Surber, 1889- url p. 72.
• The Oologist's exchange. Austin, Ill.: [s.n.], 1888-1890. url , .
• The Warbler. Floral Park: Mayflower Pub. Co., [1903-1913] url p. 68.
• The Wilson bulletin. Columbus, Ohio: Wilson Ornithological Society, 1894- url p. 111, p. 142, p. 3, p. 31.
• The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology, by Vernon Lyman Kellogg. New York, H. Holt and company, 1911. url p. 418.
• The avifauna of Louisiana, with an annotated list of the birds of the State [by] Geo. E. Beyer. New Orleans, La., 1900. url p. 12.
• The bird book, illustrating in natural colors more than seven hundred North American birds, also several hundred photographs of their nests and eggs, Worcester, Mass., C. K. Reed, 1914. url .
• The bird book: illustrating in natural colors more than seven hundred North American birds; also several hundred photographs of their nests and eggs / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City, New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1915. url p. 51.
• The birds of El Salvador, by Donald R. Dickey and A. J. Van Rossem. 23 1938 Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1938. url p. 183.
• The birds of Essex County, Massachusetts. By Charles Wendell Townsend, M.D. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1905. url p. 102.
• The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin / by Charles B. Cory. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1909. url p. 300, p. 49, p. 761.
• The birds of Indiana. A descriptive catalogue of the birds that have been observed within the state, with an account of their habits. Indianapolis, Indiana Dept. of Geology and Natural Resources, 1898 url p. 1165.
• The birds of Indiana: a descriptive catalog of the birds that have been observed within the state, with an account of their habits / by Amos W. Butler. Indianapolis: W. B. Burford, Contractor for State Printing, 1898 url p. 1169.
• The birds of Indiana; a descriptive catalog of the birds that have been observed within the state, with an account of their habits. Indianapolis, W. B. Burford, Contractor for State Printing, 1898 url .
• The birds of Massachusetts, Cambridge, Mass., 1901. url , .
• The birds of Massachusetts, by Reginald Heber Howe and Glover Morrill Allen. Cambridge, Mass., 1901. url p. 27, p. 27, p. 9, p. 9.
• The birds of New Jersey / by Witmer Stone. Trenton: J.L. Murphy Pub. Co., 1909. url p. 57.
• The birds of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the higher groups, genera, species, and subspecies of birds known to occur in North America, from the Arctic lands to the Isthmus of Panama, the West Indies and other island Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1901- url .
• The birds of Ohio; a complete scientific and popular description of the 320 species of birds found in the state, Columbus, The Wheaton Publishing Co., 1903, [c1902] url .
• The birds of Ohio; a revised catalogue, [Columbus?]Academy of Science, 1903. url .
• The birds of Texas; an annotated check list, Waco, Tex., The University, 1912. url .
• The birds of Tunisia; being a history of the birds found in the regency of Tunis. By J. I. S. Whitaker. London, R.H. Porter, 1905. url p. 351.
• The birds of Virginia, Lynchburg, Va., J. P. Bell Company, Inc., 1913. url , .
• The birds of eastern North America known to occur east of the nineteenth meridian. .. By Charles B. Cory. Boston, Bay State Pub. Co., 1900, c1899. url p. 43.
• The birds of eastern North America: known to occur east of the ninetieth meridian / by Charles B. Cory. Chicago: Field Columbian Museum, 1899. url p. 329, p. 43.
• The birds of eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with introductory chapters on geographical distribution and migration, prepared under the direction of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club by Witmer Stone. Philadelphia, Delaware Valley Ornithological Club, 1894. url p. 36.
• The birds of the Bahama Islands: containing many birds new to the Islands, and a number of undescribed winter plumages of North American birds / by Charles B. Cory. Boston, U.S.A.: Estes & Lauriat, 1890, c1879. url .
• The birds of the Chicago area / [Chicago, Jennings and Graham], 1907. url .
• The birds of the Chicago area, by Frank Morley Woodruff. .. [Chicago, Printed by Jennings and Graham]1907. url p. 21.
• The birds of the Isle of Pines / by W. E. Clyde Todd. Pittsburgh, 1916 url p. 158, p. 209.
• The birds of the Leeward islands, Caribbean sea, by Charles B. Cory. .. 1 1909 Chicago, 1909. url p. 194, p. 203, p. 209, p. 215.
• The birds of the West Indies. Including all speciesknown to occur in the Bahama Islands, the Greater Antilles, the Caymans, and the Lesser Antilles, excepting the islands of Tobago and Trinidad. By Charles B. Cory. Boston, Estes & Lauriat, 1889. url p. 277.
• The code of nomenclature and check-list of North American birds adopted by the American Ornithologists' Union; being the report of the Committee of the Union on Classification and Nomenclature. New York, 1886. url p. 93, p. 93, p. 93.
• The condor. Santa Clara, Calif.: Cooper Ornithological Club, [1900- url p. 126, p. 78, p. 82.
• The ecology of Tijuana Estuary, California: a national estuarine research reserve / by Joy B. Zedler, Christopher S. Nordby and Barbara E. Kus. [Washington, D.C.: NOAA Office of Coastal Resource Management, Sanctuaries and Reserves Division], 1992. url p. 68.
• The nests and eggs of non-indigenous British birds or such species that do not breed within the British Archipelago / Charles Dixon. London: Chapman & Hall, 1894. url p. 302.
• The oist. Albion, N.Y.: Frank H. Lattin, 1886-1941. url p. 174.
• The ornithology of Illinois / [by Robert Ridgway and S.A. Forbes]. Springfield, Ill., H.W. Rokker, printer, 1889-1895. url p. 240, p. 243.
• The ornithology of Illinois. Part I. Descriptive catalogue. By Robert Ridgway. Part II. Economic ornithology. By S. A. Forbes. Pub. by the authority of the state Legislature. Springfield, Ill., H. W. Rokker, printer, 1889-95. url p. 240, p. 243, p. 243.
• The ornithology of the Straits of Gibraltar / by L. Howard L. Irby. London: R.H. Porter, 1895. url p. 294.
• The published writings of George Newbold Lawrence, 1844-1891 / by L. S. Foster. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1892. url p. 66, p. 92, p. 98.
• The standard catalogue of North American birds eggs. Albion, N.Y., F.H. Lattin, 1892. url p. 6.
• The water birds of North America by S.F. Baird, T. M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway. Boston: Little, Brown, 1884. url , .
• The water birds of North America. By S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer and R. Ridgway. Issued in continuation of the publications of the Geological survey of California. J. D. Whitney, state geologist. Boston, Little, Brown, and Company, 1884. url p. 275, p. 283, p. 284, p. 287, p. 305.
• Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. New Haven: Published by the Academy, 1866- url p. 668, p. 668.
• Transactions of the Maryland Academy of Science and Literature. Baltimore: The Academy, 1837. url p. 252.
• Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 20 1985 [San Diego]: The Society, 1905-1989. url p. 327, p. 5, p. 5.
• University of California publications in zoology. Berkeley: University Press, 1906- url p. 357, p. 428, p. 528.
• Visitors' guide to the local collection of birds in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City: with an annotated list of the birds known to occur within fifty miles of New York City / by Frank M. Chapman. New York: Printed for the Museum, 1894. url p. 17.
• Voyage of the 'Albatross' to the Gulf of California in 1911. New York, 1916. url p. 5.
• Wildbirds of New York / by Chester A. Reed. Mohonk Lake, N.Y.: Mohonk Salesrooms, c1912. url p. 47.
• Year book - Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington url p. 173, p. 174, p. 187, p. 195, p. 199.
• Yearbook of agriculture. WashingtonU.S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 434.
• Zoe:a biological journal. 3 1892 San Diego, Calif. [etc.]Zoe Publishing Co. url p. 137, p. 137.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2009. Sterna maxima. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 05February2012.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 13 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Avian Knowledge Network, eBird
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
• EMAN Provider, PIROP
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM, CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
• , Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8368
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-660070
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2482044
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 176922
• IUCN ID: 243869
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNNM08030
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 178090

Footnotes

1. BirdLife International 2009. Sterna maxima. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 05 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.