Spizella passerina

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

The wintering habitat includes those areas used for nesting, but is often more grassy and open than the breeding habitat.

Vegetation: tropical lowland evergreen forest, pine forests, tropical lowland evergreen forest, pine-oak forests • Maximum Elevation: 3,800 meters • Foraging Strata: Terrestrial • Center of Abundance: Middle montane: mountains, middle range, 1,600-2,600 m. • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Low

Ecology: List of Habitats : 1.9 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane

Biology

Diet

The diet of this species is primarily insects, but also includes spiders and seeds. The Chipping Sparrow forages by searching the ground and low vegetation for food.

Reproduction

The breeding season begins in mid-April, peaks in May, and extends into mid-August. Breeding habitat includes wooded residential areas, grassy areas with scattered trees , and golf courses . The Chipping Sparrow nests up to 3.3 m (11 feet) high in a tree (preferring conifers) or shrub , or on the ground . The cup-shaped nest is built out of grass , rootlets , and other plant material and is lined with hair. The female lays 2-5 (usually 4) eggs that she incubates for 11-14 days. The male feeds the incubating female. The young are altricial and fledge approximately 10 days after hatching . Both parents care for the young while they are in the nest and for a short period after they leave it.

• Breeding Habitat: Urban
• Nest Location: Mid-story/canopy nesting
• Nest Type: Open-cup
• Clutch Size: 4
• Length of Incubation : 11-14 days
• Days to Fledge: 10(8-12)
• Number of Broods: 2

Migration

Migratory

The song of this species is a trill that remains on one pitch.

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001.

Similar Species

Clay-Colored Sparrow

Members of the genus Spizella

There are approximately 30 species in this genus:

S. arborea (American Tree Sparrow) · S. arborea arborea (American Tree Sparrow) · S. arborea ochracae · S. arborea ochracea · S. atrogularis (California Black-Chinned Sparrow) · S. atrogularis atrogularis (California Black-Chinned Sparrow) · S. atrogularis cana · S. atrogularis caurina · S. atrogularis evura · S. breweri (Brewer's Chipping Sparrow) · S. breweri breweri (Brewer's Chipping Sparrow) · S. breweri taverneri (Brewer's Sparrow) · S. monticola · S. pallida (Clay-Colored Chipping Sparrow) · S. passerina (Little House Sparrow) · S. passerina arizonae · S. passerina atremaeus · S. passerina boreophila · S. passerina cicada · S. passerina mexicana · S. passerina passerina (Little House Sparrow) · S. passerina pinetorum · S. pusilla (Field Chipping Sparrow) · S. pusilla arenacea (Field Sparrow) · S. pusilla pusilla (Field Chipping Sparrow) · S. pusilla wortheni · S. socialis · S. taverneri · S. wortheni (Worthen's Sparrow) · S. wortheni wortheni (Worthen's Sparrow)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A bibliography of birds: with special reference to anatomy, behavior, biochemistry --. by Reuben Myron Strong Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1959 UND url p. 161, p. 214, p. 250, p. 365, p. 59.
• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. ENG url p. 18.
• A history of the birds of Colorado, by William Lutley Sclater.. . London, Witherby and amp; co., 1912. ENG url p. 369, p. 564.
• Animal Ecology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1961. ENG url p. 464.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. ENG url p. 349, p. 425, p. 430, p. 431.
• Bird guide: land birds east of the Rockies from parrots to bluebirds / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1916, c1909. ENG url p. 100.
• BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
• BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
• Birds of eastern Canada, by P. A. Taverner. Ottawa, J. de L. Tachprinter, 1919. ENG url p. 174.
• Birds of the Boston Public garden, a study in migration, by Horace Winslow Wright; with an introduction by Bradford Torrey and illustrations. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin co., 1909. ENG url p. 114, p. 236.
• Birds of the Pacific coast, including a brief account of the distribution and habitat of one hundred and eighteen birds that are more or less common to the Pacific coast states and British Columbia, many of which are found east by Willard Ayres Eliot; wi New York, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1923. ENG url p. 195, p. 82.
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] ENG url p. 4, p. 72.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 1063, p. 1113, p. 1166, p. 1184, p. 1193, p. 161, p. 1802, p. 1809, p. 1858, p. 254, p. 256, p. 267, p. 409, p. 412, p. 738.
• Bulletin / Peabody Museum of Natural History. New Haven: The Museum, ENG url p. 105.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) ENG url p. 240.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 366, p. 648.
• Check-list and bibliography on the occurrence of insects in birds' nests. Ames, Iowa State College Press[1959] ENG url p. 171, p. 446.
• Check-list of North American birds / prepared by a committee of the American ornithologists' union. Lancaster, Pa.: The Union, 1931. ENG url p. 482.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. ENG url p. 140.
• Fauna of New England, 11: list of the aves / by Glover M. Allen. Boston: Society of Natural History, 1909. ENG url p. 8.
• Fauna of New England. Boston, Printed for the [Boston] Society [of Natural History] from the Gurdon Saltonstall Fund, 1904-25. ENG url p. 160, p. 8.
• Fauna of New England. List of the Araneida. Boston, For Society, 1908. ENG url p. 8.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. ENG url p. 50, p. 88.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. ENG url p. 213, p. 268, p. 80.
• Memoirs of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1886- ENG url p. 139.
• Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History. San Diego, Calif.: The Society, 1931- ENG url p. 210, p. 256.
• Michigan bird life: a list of all the bird species known to occur in the State together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation t by Walter Bradford Barrows. Lansing: Michigan Agricultural College, 1912. ENG url p. 506.
• Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. Lawrence, University of Kansas, 1946-1996. ENG url p. 58, p. 6, p. 64.
• Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams and amp; Wilkins, 1926. ENG url p. 754.
• Our living resources: a report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems / [edited by], Edward T. LaRoe.. . [et al.]. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Service, 1995. ENG url p. 299, p. 491, p. 522.
• Point Lobos Reseerve; State Park, California. Interpretation of a primitive landscape. Sacramento, [State Print. Off., 1954] ENG url p. 96.
• Postilla. New Haven, Peabody Museum of Natural History, 1950-2004. ENG url p. 40.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. ENG url p. 272, p. 284, p. 496, p. 588, p. 761.
• Proceedings of the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union. Lincoln, [1900-15] ENG url p. 32.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 239, p. 438, p. 528, p. 571, p. 572, p. 589, p. 606, p. 617.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. ENG url p. 101.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, The Ottawa-Field-Naturalists Club. ENG url p. 164, p. 165, p. 51, p. 64.
• The Great Basin naturalist. Provo, Utah, M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University. ENG url p. 114, p. 251, p. 251, p. 267, p. 285, p. 485, p. 494, p. 521, p. 521, p. 53, p. 606, p. 614, p. 654, p. 69, p. 736.
• The Ottawa naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. ENG url p. 172, p. 202.
• The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science. Des moines, Iowa: The Academy, [1889-1987] ENG url p. 100.
• The University of Kansas science bulletin. [Lawrence]: University of Kansas, 1902-1996. ENG url p. 1278, p. 1371.
• The bird book: illustrating in natural colors more than seven hundred North American birds; also several hundred photographs of their nests and eggs / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City, New York, Doubleday, Page and amp; company, 1915. ENG url p. 346.
• The birds of Connecticut, by John Hall Sage and Louis Bennett Bishop, assisted by Walter Parks Bliss. Hartford, Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1913. ENG url p. 191.
• The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin. Chicago, 1909. ENG url p. 198, p. 198, p. 204, p. 205, p. 205, p. 595, p. 595, p. 727, p. 727, p. 761, p. 761.
• The birds of Washington: a complete, scientific and popular account of the 372 species of birds found in the state / by William Leon Dawson, assisted by John Hooper Bowles. Illustrated by more than 300 original half-tones of birds in life, nests, eggs, Seattle: Occidental Pub. Co., 1909. ENG url p. 127.
• The birds of Wyoming, with an explanation of recent changes in their distribution; economic aspect also considered. By B. H. Grave and Ernest P. Walker. [Laramie]University of Wyoming, 1913. ENG url p. 63.
• The book of birds; common birds of town and country and American game birds, by Henry W. Henshaw; illustrated in natural colors with 250 paintings by Louis Agassiz Fuertes. Washington, D.C., National geographic society[1921] ENG url p. 16.
• The oist. Albion, N.Y.: Frank H. Lattin, 1886-1941. ENG url p. 126, p. 142, p. 98.
• Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. [San Diego]: The Society, 1905- ENG url p. 144, p. 223, p. 297, p. 332, p. 414, p. 52.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 05, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 14 providers.
• Hines, J. E., Gregory Gough, J. R. Sauer, et al. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
• NatureServe. 2003. Downloadable animal data sets. NatureServe Central Databases. Accessed February 6, 2005.
• Parker III, T.A., D.F. Stotz, and J.W. Fitzpatrick, and quot;Ecological and Distributional Databases for Neotropical Birds, and quot; in Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation, by D.F. Stotz, T.A. Parker III, J.W. Fitzpatrick, and D.K. Moskovits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996). ISBN 0-226-64676-9.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Sauer, J. R., J. E. Hines, and J. Fallon. 2005. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966 - 2004. Version 2005.2. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Sauer, J. R., S. Schwartz, and B. Hoover. 1996. The Christmas Bird Count Home Page. Version 95.1. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• The Georgia Museum of Natural History and Georgia Department of Natural Resources

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 05, 2008:

• Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
• Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
• Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
• Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Bird Collection
• EMAN Provider: PIROP (Shipboard Surveys)
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Ornithology Collection
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: DGR Mammals Specimens
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: MSB Birds Specimens
• University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3850268
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-179438
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13837143
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 179435
• IUCN ID: 53565
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBX94020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 234

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