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Rutilus frisii

(Black Sea Roach)

Overview

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Family : Minnows or carps ; Lives in small schools in deep water , but spawns in shallow water in the tributaries feeding the lakes in April-May. The eggs are laid among weeds and over gravel , and hatch in about 10 days. Becomes sexually mature in 3-5 years. Brackish water populations of the Black Sea are anadromous .

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Czech:

Plotice Perletov, Plotice perleťová, Vyrezub

Common Names in Danish:

Sortehavs-skalle, Sortehavsskalle

Common Names in Dutch:

Zwarte-Zeeblankvoorn

Common Names in English:

Black Sea Roach, Kutum

Common Names in Farsi:

Mahi Safid, Mahi Safid Daryacheh Khazar, Mahisephid-e-daryaye Khazar, Sifid Mahi, Talaji, ماهي سفيد

Common Names in Finnish:

Mustanmerens, Mustanmerensärki

Common Names in French:

Gardon de la mer Noire

Common Names in German:

Schwarzmeerpl, Schwarzmeerplötze

Common Names in Italian:

Triotto russo

Common Names in Javanese:

Kutuk

Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:

库图拟鲤, 庫圖擬鯉, 截齒擬鯉, 截齿拟鲤

Common Names in Persian:

Mahi Safid, Mahi Safid Daryacheh Khazar, Mahisephid-e-daryaye Khazar, Sifid Mahi, Talaji

Common Names in Polish:

Wyrozub

Common Names in Portuguese:

Bogardo do mar Negro

Common Names in Rumanian:

Taran

Common Names in Russian:

Shirvanska plotitschka, Vyrezub, вырезуб

Common Names in Slovak:

Plotica Perletov, Plotica perletová

Common Names in Spanish:

Rutilo del Mar Negro

Common Names in Swedish:

Svartahavsm, Svartahavsmört

Description

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Habitat

Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of 120 meters (393 feet).[1]

Ecology: Habitat :
Large brackish estuaries and their large, freshened plume waters, coastal lakes connected to rivers and lowland stretches of large rivers. In estuaries, in deep layers , down to 20 m. Tolerates salinities up to 7-12 ‰. Landlocked populations inhabit lakes or reservoirs . Spawns in small rivers or streams with heavy current on gravel bottom .

Biology :
Semi-anadromous . Lives up to 12 years. Spawns for the first time at 4-5 years, 430-500 mm SL . Starts entering rivers in second half of October (Black Sea , rarely in Caspian Sea). When rivers are covered by ice, spawning migration ceases and is continued with the breaking up of the ice or even under ice in February-March. Spawns in April-May, earlier in southern drainages (February in Terek), when temperature reaches 8°C, peaking at 13-15°C. Eggs adhere to rocks and gravel, rarely to submerged plants . Adults return to estuaries to forage immediately after spawning. Eggs hatch in 10-16 days at 12-19°C. Juveniles migrate to estuaries during first summer (August). Landlocked populations migrate in spring from lakes or reservoirs or middle river stretches to tributaries or upper reaches. Larvae and early juveniles feed on zooplankton , algae and insect larvae. Adults feed mainly on molluscs and crustaceans, supplemented by other benthic invertebrates . Stops feeding while migrating , spawning and overwintering.[2].

List of Habitats:

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Cyprinus wiresuba G�ldenst�dt • Gardonus wyrozub Walecki • Leuciscus frisii • Leuciscus frisii caspius L�nnberg • Leuciscus frisii kutum Kamensky • Leuciscus frisii Nordmann • Leuciscus frisii Nordmann, 1840 • Rutilus frisi • Rutilus frisii • Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamensky • Rutilus frisii velecensis Chichkoff

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 10-Aug-1994

In Caspian basin , a second species may be involved, entering only very lowest reaches of rivers , estuaries, coastal lakes and lagoons , where it spawns in shallow lagoons and lakes with slow current and dense vegetation on submerged plants .[2].

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Rutilus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 16 species and subspecies in this genus:

R. alburnoides (Calandino) · R. amblops (Central Stoneroller) · R. atropatenus (Shirvan Roachling) · R. caspicus (Vobla) · R. frisii (Black Sea Roach) · R. frisii meidingerii (Black Sea Roach) · R. heckelii (Taran) · R. lusitanicus (Boga-Portuguesa) · Chondrostoma oligolepis (Sacramento Splittail) · R. panosi (Acheloos Roach) · R. pigus (Danube Roach) · R. rubilio (Rovella) · R. rubilio rubilio (South Eropean Roach) · R. rutilus (Roach Minnow) · R. rutilus heckeli (Roach) · R. virgo (Cactus Roach)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 02, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Standard Deviation = 278.930 based on 3 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
  2. Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2008. Rutilus frisii. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]
Last Revised: 7/14/2012