Regulus calendula

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

The primary habitat of the Ruby-crowned Kinglet is coniferous forests , but also includes mixed forests.

Vegetation: tropical lowland evergreen forest, pine forests • Maximum Elevation: 1,300 meters • Foraging Strata: Canopy • Center of Abundance: Upper subtropical: higher slopes, 500-1,600 m.; subtropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: High

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,622 meters (0 to 15,164 feet).[1]

Ecology: List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.4     Forest - Temperate   
  
•     1.9     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane   
[more info]

Biology

Diet

The diet consists mostly of insects and spiders and occasionally seeds, fruits, and tree sap . This kinglet forages by moving among the tree branches and leaves, moving its wings to flush prey . It also picks insects off of branches, leaves, and needles of the trees.

Reproduction

This species does not breed in the Southeast, but the breeding season begins in late May and extends to mid-July. Nesting usually occurs in conifer or mixed-conifer forest . The nest is usually 4.5-9 m (15-30 feet) high in a conifer. The female builds the nest out of moss, lichen, leaves, and spider webs. The nest is suspended under a branch , usually near the branch's outer edge . The female lays 5-11 (usually 7-9) eggs that she incubates for approximately 12 days. The young are altricial and fledge about 12 days after hatching . Both the male and female tend to the young while they are in the nest and for a period after fledging.

• Breeding Habitat : Woodland
• Nest Location: Mid-story/canopy nesting
• Nest Type: Open-cup
• Clutch Size: 5-11
• Length of Incubation : 12? days
• Days to Fledge: 12?

Migration

Migratory

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Regulus calendula (Linnaeus, 1766) • Regulus calendula Linnaeus 1766

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 24-Jun-1996

Similar Species

Golden-Crowned Kinglet, Hutton's Vireo. The Ruby-Crowned Kinglet may be distinguished from the similar Golden-Crowned Kinglet by its eye-ring.

Members of the genus Regulus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 28 species and subspecies in this genus:

R. calendula (Ruby-Crowned Warbler) · R. calendula calendula (Northern Ruby-Crowned Kinglet) · R. calendula cineraceus (Western Ruby-Crowned Kinglet) · R. calendula grinnelli (Sitka Kinglet) · R. calendula obscurus (Dusky Kinglet) · R. goodfellowi (Taiwan Firecrest) · R. ignicapilla (Firecrest) · R. ignicapillus (Firecrest) · R. ignicapillus ignicapillus (Firecrest) · R. madeirensis (Madeira Kinglet) · R. regulus (Common Goldcrest) · R. regulus azoricus (Azores Goldcrest) · R. regulus buturlini (Caucasian Goldcrest) · R. regulus coatsi (Goldcrest) · R. regulus himalayensis (Goldcrest) · R. regulus hyrcanus (Goldcrest) · R. regulus inermis (Goldcrest) · R. regulus japonensis (Goldcrest) · R. regulus regulus (European Goldcrest) · R. regulus sanctaemariae (Goldcrest) · R. regulus satrapa (Golden-Crowned Goldcrest) · R. regulus sikkimensis (Goldcrest) · R. regulus tristis (Goldcrest) · R. regulus yunnanensis (Goldcrest) · R. satrapa (Golden-Crowned Goldcrest) · R. satrapa apache (Golden-Crowned Kinglet) · R. satrapa satrapa (Golden-Crowned Goldcrest) · R. teneriffae (Canary Islands Goldcrest)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A Labrador Spring. Boston, Estes, 1910. url p. 256.
• A Labrador spring, Boston, D. Estes & company, 1910. url .
• A Labrador spring, by Charles W. Townsend. .. with illustrations from photographs. Boston: D. Estes & co., 1910. url p. 256.
• A List of British birds / London: British Ornithologists' Union, 1915. url .
• A biological investigation of the Athabaska-Mackenzie region. By Edward A. Preble. .. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1908. url p. 489, p. 569.
• A biological investigation of the Hudson Bay region. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1902. url .
• A catalogue of Canadian birds with notes on the distribution of the species / by Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B.: J. McMillan, 1887. url p. 116.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds, By Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B., J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url p. 116, p. 116, p. 138, p. 138.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds: with notes on the distribution of the species / Saint John, N.B.: J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url , .
• A catalogue of the birds of Indiana / by Amos W. Butler. S.l.: s.n., 1891? url p. 104.
• A catalogue of the birds of the Virginias / by Wm. C. Rives. Newport, R.I.: Printed for the Society by T.T. Pitman, 1890. url p. 90, p. 98.
• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 15.
• A distributional list of the birds of Arizona / Hollywood, Calif.: Cooper Ornithological Club, 1914. url .
• A first book upon the birds of Oregon and Washington; a pocket guide and pupil's assistant in a study of most of the land birds and a few of the water birds of these states. By William Rogers Lord. Portland, Ore., W. R. Lord, 1913 [c1902] url p. 278.
• A geographic classification of Neotropical mammals. 36 1958 [Chicago]Chicago Natural History Museum, 1958. url p. 640.
• A geographical bibliography of British ornithology from the earliest time to the end of 1918, arranged under counties, being a record of printed books, published articles, notes and records relating to local avifauna, by W. H. Mullens, H. Kirke Swann, F. C. R. Jourdain. London, Witherby, 1920. url p. 485, p. 485.
• A guide to the birds of New England and eastern New York; containing a key for each season and short descriptions of over 250 species, with particular reference to their appearance in the field, by Ralph Huffmann...with four full page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes and nearly 100 cuts in the text. BostonHoughton, Mifflin and company1904 url p. 356.
• A hand-book to the birds of Great Britain / by R. Bowdler Sharpe. London: E. Lloyd, 1896-1897. url p. 159.
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• A list of the birds of Maryland / F.C. Kirkwood. Baltimore, Md., 1895. url p. 369.
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• Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. 1965 Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1946-1996. url p. 42, p. 46, p. 5, p. 51, p. 85.
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• Our native birds of song and beauty, being a complete history of all the songbirds, flycatchers, hummingbirds, swifts, goatsuckers, woodpeckers, kingfishers, trogons, cuckoos, and parrots, of North America. 1 1893 Milwaukee, G. Brumder, 1893-96. url p. 100, p. 98.
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• The avifauna of Louisiana, with an annotated list of the birds of the State [by] Geo. E. Beyer. New Orleans, La., 1900. url p. 43.
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• The birds of Maine; with key to and description of the various species known to occur or to have occured in the state, an account of their distribution and migration, showing their relative abundance in the various count by Ora Willis Knight. .. Bangor, Me.[printed by C. H. Glass & co.]1908. url p. 616.
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• The birds of Washington; a complete, scientific and popular account of the 372 species of birds found in the state, by William Leon Dawson, assisted by John Hooper Bowles. Illustrated by more than 300 original half-tones of birds in life, nests, eggs, and favorite haunts, from photographs by the author and others, Seattle: The Occidental Pub. Co., 1909. url p. 267, p. 272.
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• Through the Mackenzie Basin: a narrative of the Athabasca and Peace River Treaty Expedition of 1899 / by Charles Mair; with a map of the country ceded and numerous photographs of native life and scenery. Also, notes on the mammals and birds of northern Canada, by Roderick MacFarlane. Toronto: W. Briggs, 1908. url p. 431.
• Transactions of the Canadian Institute. Toronto: Canadian Institute. url p. 102, p. 106, p. 63, p. 72.
• Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: W.Y. Morgan, 1903- url p. 176, p. 240.
• Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 14 1967 [San Diego]: The Society, 1905-1989. url p. 220, p. 32, p. 50.
• Trees, fruits, and flowers of Minnesota. Minneapolis: Minnesota State Horticultural Society, 1899-1920. url p. 255.
• Trees, stars and birds; a book of outdoor science. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Company, 1919. url p. 282.
• University of California publications in zoology. Berkeley: University Press, 1906- url p. 388, p. 554, p. 70.
• University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. 12 1962 Lawrence, University of Kansas. url p. 257, p. 265, p. 340, p. 610, p. 651, p. 675, p. 677, p. 691, p. 695.
• Vertebrates of Ontario, by C. W. Nash. Department of Education, Toronto. Printed by order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario Toronto, L. K. Cameron, 1908 url p. 80.
• Vertebrates of Ontario. TorontoPrint. by order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario by L.K. Cameron1908 url p. 80.
• Visitors' guide to the local collection of birds in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City: with an annotated list of the birds known to occur within fifty miles of New York City / by Frank M. Chapman. New York: Printed for the Museum, 1894. url p. 82, p. 98.
• Wake-Robin, by John Burroughs. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin[1899] url p. 229.
• Washington State Coastal Zone Management Program amendment no. 3: approval of the Grays Harbor estuary management plan: program draft environmental impact statement. [Olympia, Wash.?]: Grays Harbor Regional Planning Commission; 1983. url p. 17, p. 8.
• Wild birds in city parks; being hints on identifying 200 birds, prepared primarily for the spring migration in Lincoln Park, Chicago, but adapted to other localities, by Herbert Eugene Walter and Alice Hall Walter. [St. Johnsbury, Vt., Press of the St. Johnsbury republican co.]1910. url p. 51.
• Wild life of the world: a descriptive survey of the geographical distribution of animals / 2 London; F. Warne and co., 1916. url p. 328, p. 437.
• Yearbook of agriculture. WashingtonU.S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 243, p. 713.
• Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1895-1920. url p. 713.
• Yosemite nature notes. [Yosemite National Park, Calif.: Yosemite Natural History Association url p. 123.
• Zoe:a biological journal. 4 1893 San Diego, Calif. [etc.]Zoe Publishing Co. url p. 178, p. 23, p. 246, p. 246, p. 408.
• Zoological series / Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota. Minneapolis: Geological and Natural History Survey, 1892-1912. url p. 431, p. 461, p. 481.
• Zoological series. Minneapolis [etc.]1892-1912. url p. 431, p. 481.
• [Forestry reports] Washington, 1893-1910 url .

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2009. Regulus calendula. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 13, 2008:

• Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
• Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
• Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
• Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Bird Collection
• EMAN Provider: PIROP (Shipboard Surveys)
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
• University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5415
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-179874
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2482044
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 179870
• IUCN ID: 239061
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBJ05020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 897

Footnotes

1. Mean = 975.960 meters (3,201.969 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,259.520 based on 4,836 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.