Pygoscelis papua

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Near Threatened

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Vegetation: freshwater marshes, pelagic waters • Foraging Strata: Water • Center of Abundance: Lower subtropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; subtropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: High

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,308 meters (0 to 17,415 feet).[1]

Ecology: It is a partially migratory marine species which nests on rocky coasts, sometimes amongst vegetation8.

[2].

List of Habitats :

•     4     Grassland   
  
•     4.3     Grassland - Subantarctic   
  
•     9     Marine Neritic   
  
•     9.1     Marine Neritic - Pelagic   
  
•     9.2     Marine Neritic - Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs   
  
•     9.3     Marine Neritic - Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel   
  
•     9.4     Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy   
  
•     9.5     Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy-Mud   
  
•     9.7     Marine Neritic - Macroalgal/Kelp   
  
•     9.9     Marine Neritic - Seagrass (Submerged)   
  
•     10     Marine Oceanic   
  
•     10.1     Marine Oceanic - Epipelagic (0-200m)   
  
•     10.2     Marine Oceanic - Mesopelagic (200-1000m)   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Pygoscelis papua (Forster, 1781)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 13-Jun-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Pygoscelis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 5 species and subspecies in this genus:

P. adeliae (Adelie Penguin) · P. antarctica (Chinstrap Penguin) · P. antarcticus (Chinstrap Penguin) · P. papua (Gentoo Penguin) · P. papua papua (Gentoo Penguin)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A Directory of Neotropical Wetlands. IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 187.
• A list of the genera of birds: with their synonyma and an indication of the typical species of each genus / by George Robert Gray. London: Printed and sold by R. and J.E. Taylor, 1841. url p. 98.
• Animal ecology, by Charles Elton; with an introduction by Julian S. Huxley. New York, Macmillan Co., 1927. url p. 205.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 477, p. 88, p. 95.
• Ardea. Amsterdam, etc., Nederlandse Ornithlogische Unie, etc. url p. 27.
• Austral avian record; a scientific journal devoted primarily to the study of the Australian avifauna. London: Witherby. url p. 225, p. 50.
• Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 31.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 163, p. 41.
• Bulletin / Peabody Museum of Natural History. 1972 New Haven: Peabody Museum of Natural History, url fig. 2, p. 41, p. 42, p. 43.
• Bulletin / Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1971. url p. 213, p. 385.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 204.
• Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. London: The Club, 1893- url , , p. 119, p. 141, p. 52, p. 57.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url , plate 1, p. 142.
• Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. Charles E. Hellmayr, Boardman Conover. 13 1948 Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1948. url p. 3, p. 4.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 630, p. 631.
• Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum / By E. W. Oates [and afterwards] by S. G. Reid [and] W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. London, 1901-12. url p. 143, p. 232.
• Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British museum (Natural history). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1901-12. url p. 143, p. 232.
• Check-list and bibliography on the occurrence of insects in birds' nests. Ames, Iowa State College Press[1959] url p. 326, p. 578.
• Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-1987. url p. 125.
• Discovery reports. London; Cambridge University Press. url , , , , , , , , , , , p. 161, p. 353, p. 357, p. 459, p. 586.
• Ecological animal geography; an authorized, rewritten edition based on Tiergeographie auf ockologischer grundlage / by Richard Hesse. .. prepared by W. C. Allee. .. and Karl P. Schmidt. .. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1937. url p. 588.
• Essays on early ornithology and kindred subjects / by James R. McClymont. London [England]: Bernard Quaritch, 1920. url p. 32.
• General embryological information service. Utrecht, Hubrecht Laboratory. url p. 51, p. 68, p. 76.
• Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url p. 148, p. 151, p. 162, p. 208, p. 219, p. 243, p. 375, p. 551, p. 620, p. 666, p. 764, p. 820.
• International catalogue of scientific literature. LondonPublished for the International Council by the Royal Society of London1901-1920 url p. 6, p. 71.
• International code of zoological nomenclature / Code international de nomenclature zoologique Berkeley, Calif., USA: [distributed by the] University of California Press, 1985. url p. 258, p. 284.
• Knowledge. v. 1-40; Nov. 1881-Dec. 1917. LondonWyman [etc.] url p. 95.
• Mutton birds and other birds / H. Guthrie-Smith. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe and Tombs, 1914. url , .
• Natural history. London, Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 1907-12. url , , p. 11, p. 17, p. 9.
• Natural history. New York: American Museum of Natural History. url p. 226.
• Natural history: [voyage of the S.S. Discovery under Capt. R.F. Scott] / edited by Jeffrey Bell London: British Museum, 1907-1912 url p. 17, p. 9.
• Nature. London, Macmillan. url p. 152.
• Oceanic birds of South America: a study of species of the related coasts and seas, including the American quadrant of Antarctica, based upon the Brewster-Sanford collection in the American Museum of Natural History / by Robert Cushman Murphy; illustrated from paintings by Francis L. Jaques; photographs, maps, and other drawings. New York: Macmillan Co.: c1936. url p. 1206, p. 208, p. 222, p. 225, p. 227, p. 232, p. 332, p. 335, p. 336, p. 346, p. 347, p. 367, p. 368, p. 371, p. 378, p. 380, p. 381, p. 384, p. 386, p. 387, p. 388, p. 389, p. 395, p. 407, p. 412, p. 413, p. 414, p. 432, p. 456, p. 465, fig. 51, p. x.
• Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url .
• Parental care and its evolution in birds. Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1952. url p. 177.
• Problems of polar research; a series of papers by thirty-one authors. New York, American geographical society, 1928. url p. 373, p. 374, p. 474.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 195.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url p. 291, p. 298.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 332, p. 555, p. 684.
• Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London: Academic Press, [etc.], 1833-1965. url , p. 19, p. 961, p. 977, p. 979, p. 986, p. 988.
• Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and financial report of the Executive Committee of the Board of Regents for the year ending June 30. .. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1933-1965. url p. 88, p. 95.
• Report of the scientific results of the voyage of S.Y. "Scotia" during the years 1902, 1903, and 1904, under the leadership of William S. Bruce. .. Edinburgh: The Scottish oceanographical laboratory, 1907- url , , , , , , p. 15, p. 37, p. x.
• Report on the scientific results of the voyage of S.Y. "Scotia" during the years 1902, 1903 and 1904, under the leadership of William S. Bruce. Edinburgh:Scottish Oceanographical Laboratory, 1907-20. url , p. 223, p. 230, p. 249.
• Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896-1899. J. B. Hatcher in charge. Edited by William B. Scott. Princeton, The University, 1901-32 [v. 1, 1903] url p. 91, p. 92, p. 92, p. 93, p. 95.
• Review of information regarding the conservation of living resources of the Antarctic marine ecosystem: final report / John L. Bengtson. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Mammal Commission, [1978] url p. 11, p. 121.
• Sex and internal secretions. Contributors: A. Albert [and others] Foreword by George W. Corner. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1961. url p. 1251, p. 1583.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 22 1882 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 332, p. 41, p. 50.
• Special scientific report--wildlife / U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service, 1949- url p. 7.
• The American Museum journal. New York: American Museum of Natural History, c1900-[1918] url p. 226, p. 254.
• The Antarctic manual for the use of the expedition of 1901 / London: Royal Geographical Society, 1901. url .
• The Auk. Washington, D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union, etc., 1884- url p. 446, p. 514, p. 523, p. 586.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, url p. 469.
• The Emu: official organ of the Australasian Ornithologists' Union. Melbourne: Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, 1901- url p. 211, p. 75, p. 92.
• The Marine Mammal Commission compendium of selected treaties, international agreements, and other relevant documents on marine resources, wildlife, and the environment / compiled by Richard L. Wallace. Washington, D.C.: The Commission; 1994 url p. 329.
• The animals of New Zealand; an account of the dominion's air-breathing vertebrates, by Captain F.W. Hutton and James Drummond. Christchurch, N. Z., Whitcombe and Tombs, 1909. url p. 12, p. 397, p. 405.
• The history of the collections contained in the natural history departments of the British Museum. by R. Bowdler Sharpe. London, 1906. url p. 407.
• The zoology of the voyage of the H.M.S. Erebus & Terror, under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, during the years 1839 to 1843. By authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. Edited by John Richardson and John Edward Gray. 1 London, E. W. Janson, 1844-1875. url p. 38.
• Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. Wellington: New Zealand Institute. url p. 190, p. 201.
• Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. New Haven: Published by the Academy, 1866- url p. 454, p. 454, p. 541, p. 541.
• Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 19 1977 [San Diego]: The Society, 1905-1989. url p. 3.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2004. Pygoscelis papua. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. and lt;www.iucnredlist.org and gt;. Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• BirdLife International 2010. Pygoscelis papua. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 5 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Parker III, T.A., D.F. Stotz, and J.W. Fitzpatrick, "Ecological and Distributional Databases for Neotropical Birds," in Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation, by D.F. Stotz, T.A. Parker III, J.W. Fitzpatrick, and D.K. Moskovits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996). ISBN 0-226-64676-9.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:

• Australian Antarctic Data Centre: Inventory of Antarctic seabird breeding sites
• Australian Antarctic Data Centre: Seabirds of the Southern and South Indian Ocean
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: SEAMAP - marine mammals, birds and turtles
• New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
• OZCAM (Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums) Provider: Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
• Senckenberg: Collection Aves (bird skeletons)
• Senckenberg: Collection Aves (spirit preserved)

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8960
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-723265
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2480765
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 174447
• IUCN ID: 238328
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 151926

Footnotes

1. Mean = 556.630 meters (1,826.214 feet), Standard Deviation = 827.810 based on 126,870 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. BirdLife International 2010. Pygoscelis papua. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.