Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Northern Spring Peeper, Southern Spring Peeper, spring peeper
Common Names in French:
Rainette Crucif, rainette crucifère, rainette crucifère
Description
Physical Description
Species Pseudacris crucifer
Size: 0.75-1.25in (1.9-3.2cm) . Coloring varies from yellow to brown, usually with a darker "X" on its back.
Habitat
Usually found in areas of brushy undergrowth near ponds or swamps .
Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of 264 meters (867 feet).[1]
Ecology:
Typically it is found in moist wooded areas, especially near breeding
pools
. The species is mostly terrestrial
and it hides under logs
,
rocks, or other objects when inactive
. Eggs
are laid and larvae develop
in small temporary or permanent waters of ponds
(including those
in fields
with nearby forest
), marshes, ditches, and swamps
, especially
those with standing plants
, sticks
, or other debris
. Males call
usually
from among herbaceous vegetation adjacent
to or standing in water.
In northern Minnesota, successful reproduction
in acidic bog
water
either does not occur or is a rare event (Karns 1992).[2].
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.1 Forest - Boreal
- 1.4 Forest - Temperate
- 5 Wetlands (inland)
- 5.4 Wetlands (inland) - Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens , Peatlands
- 5.7 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)
- 5.8 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)
- 15 Artificial/Aquatic & Marine
- 15.2 Artificial/Aquatic - Ponds (below 8ha)
- 15.5 Artificial/Aquatic - Excavations (open)
- 15.9 Artificial/Aquatic - Canals and Drainage Channels , Ditches [more info]
Biology
Reproduction
Spring Peepers breed in the winter or early spring in a variety of wetlands. Their call sounds like a high piping whistle.
Behavior
Although Peepers can occasionally be seen in the woods during damp weather, they are most visible during the beeding season when they can be seen calling from vegetation in and around water.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
()
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Amphibia
()
- Gray, 1825
- Subclass:
Lissamphibia
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Infraclass:
Lissamphibia
()
- Order:
Anura
()
- (Fischer von Waldheim, 1813) Gray, 1825
- Suborder:
Neobatrachia
()
- Reig, 1958
- Superfamily:
Bufonoidea
()
- Family:
Hylidae
()
- Rafinesque, 1815
- Subfamily:
Hylinae
()
- Genus:
Pseudacris
()
- Fitzinger, 1843
- Specific name:
crucifer
- crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
- Scientific name: - Pseudacris crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838) crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
- Specific name:
crucifer
- crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
- Genus:
Pseudacris
(
- Subfamily:
Hylinae
(
- Family:
Hylidae
(
- Superfamily:
Bufonoidea
(
- Suborder:
Neobatrachia
(
- Order:
Anura
(
- Infraclass:
Lissamphibia
(
- Subclass:
Lissamphibia
(
- Class:
Amphibia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Hyla crucifer bartramiana Harper • Hyla crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied • Hyla crucifer Wied-Neuwied • Pseudacris crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838) • Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana • Pseudacris crucifer crucifer • Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana (Harper, 1939) • Pseudacris crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 01-Sep-2009
Similar Species
Members of the genus Pseudacris
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 30 species and subspecies in this genus:
P. brachyphona (Mountain Chorus Frog) · P. brimleyi (Brimley's Chorus Frog) · P. cadaverina (California Chorus Frog) · P. clarkii (Spotted Chorus Frog) · P. crucifer (Northern Spring Peeper) · P. crucifer bartramiana (Southern Spring Peeper) · P. crucifer crucifer (Northern Spring Peeper) · P. feriarum (Southeastern Chorus Frog) · P. feriarum feriarum (Upland Chorus Frog) · P. feriarum kalmi (New Jersey Chorus Frog) · P. fouquettei (Cajun Chorus Frog) · P. hypochondriaca (Northern Baja California Treefrog) · P. illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. illinoensis illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. kalmi (New Jersey Chorus Frog) · P. maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog) · P. nigrita (Swamp Tree Frog) · P. nigrita nigrita (Southern Chorus Frog) · P. ocularis (Black-Spotted Tree Frog) · P. ornata (Ornate Chorus Frog) · P. regilla (Pacific Chorus Frog) · P. sierra (Sierran Treefrog) · P. streckeri (Strecker's Chorus Frog) · P. streckeri illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. streckeri streckeri (Strecker's Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata (Western Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata feriarum (Striped Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata kalmi (Striped Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata triseriata (Western Chorus Frog)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Amphibian species of the world: Additions and corrections / by William E. Duellman. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1993. url p. 360, p. 79, p. 94.
- Illinois River Bluffs area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, [and the] State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998- url p. 106.
- Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url p. 73.
- Rock River area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, Natural History Survey Division, in conjunction with State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, IL: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1996- url p. 134, p. 64.
- The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 309, p. 404, p. 408, p. 411, p. 412, p. 413, p. 494, p. 551, p. 552, p. 704, p. 718, p. 729, p. 737, p. 748, p. 751.
- The changing Illinois environment: critical trends: technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Springfield, Ill.: Ill. Dept. of Energy and Natural Resources, 1994. url p. 151.
- Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science. [Lexington, Ky.]Kentucky Academy of Science, 1923-1997. url p. 178, p. 89.
Notes
Contributors
- Amphibians and Reptiles of North Carolina
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- Geoffrey Hammerson 2004. Pseudacris crucifer. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 09, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
- Hammerson, G. 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 09, 2008:
- Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Amphibians
- Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
- California Academy of Sciences: CAS Herpetology Collection Catalog
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Amphibian and Reptile Collection - Anura
- Carnegie Museums: Amphibians and Reptiles
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Amphibians and Reptiles Collection
- EMAN Provider: FrogWatch Canada
- Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Herp Collection
- Yale University Peabody Museum: Peabody Herp Collection DiGIR provider Service
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 26069
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-207303
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 207303
- IUCN ID: 236676
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AAABC05090
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 165472
Footnotes
- Standard Deviation = 322.480 based on 1,532 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
- Geoffrey Hammerson 2004. Pseudacris crucifer. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]
